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VPA 221 Veterinary Entomology and Acarology: Family

This document discusses sarcoptic mange caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei. It describes the morphology and life cycle of S. scabiei and outlines the symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of sarcoptic mange in various animal hosts including pigs, horses, cattle, dogs, sheep, goats, rabbits, and humans. Sarcoptic mange causes intense itching, skin thickening, encrustation, and secondary infections in affected animals.

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Ramesh Beniwal
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87 views13 pages

VPA 221 Veterinary Entomology and Acarology: Family

This document discusses sarcoptic mange caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei. It describes the morphology and life cycle of S. scabiei and outlines the symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of sarcoptic mange in various animal hosts including pigs, horses, cattle, dogs, sheep, goats, rabbits, and humans. Sarcoptic mange causes intense itching, skin thickening, encrustation, and secondary infections in affected animals.

Uploaded by

Ramesh Beniwal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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VPA 221 Veterinary Entomology and Acarology

SARCOPTIDAE

Suborder: Sarcoptiformes

Few species parasitic


Legs grouped in 2 pairs on either side of nymph and adult.
In unfavourable conditions produce nymphs to resist adverse
conditions - Hypopial Nymph or Hypopi.
Family: Sarcoptidae

TANUVAS, 2011
VPA 221 Veterinary Entomology and Acarology

Genus : Sarcoptes
Species : Sarcoptes scabiei
Condition caused : Sarcoptic mange of Sheep, Goat, Cattle, Pigs, Elephants, Foxes,
Rabbits etc. Scabies in man
Mange Infestation in Animals

TANUVAS, 2011
VPA 221 Veterinary Entomology and Acarology

MORPHOLOGY - SARCOPTES

Globose
Striac of skin
interrupted by scaly
spinose areas
Legs short
Tarsi of 1, 2, 4- male &
1, 2 - female (Bell
shaped suckers), the
rest end in bristles
Pedicels unsegmented
Third & 4th pair of legs
do not project beyond
margin of body
Dorsal surface covered
with fine grooves
TANUVAS, 2011
VPA 221 Veterinary Entomology and Acarology

LIFE CYCLE - SARCOPTES

TANUVAS, 2011
VPA 221 Veterinary Entomology and Acarology

SPREAD OF INFECTION - SARCOPTES

Contact with wandering larvae (most important),


nymph, fertilized young female
Mite susceptible to dryness, cant live more than
few days off the host
Female feeds on liquid oozing out of damaged
tissues

TANUVAS, 2011
VPA 221 Veterinary Entomology and Acarology

EFFECT ON THE HOST - SARCOPTES

Pierce skin and suck lymph & feeds on young epidermal


cells,
Irritation, itching, scratching
Condition aggravated
Exudation, coagulation, crust formation
Excessive keratinization and proliferation of
connective tissue, skin thickened and wrinkled

TANUVAS, 2011
VPA 221 Veterinary Entomology and Acarology

SARCOPTIC MANGE IN PIGS

Site of Affection
Ear is most common affected site
Spreads to back, flank, abdomen
Most harbour inapporent infection
Transmission
Sows to piglets during sucking signs seen within 3weeks of birth
From infection boar to gilts
Symptoms
1st sign papules, generalized erythema around eyes, snout & external
ear, axilla, front of hocks
Scratching encrustations thickened skin with crack open, leaving
deep wounds
Diagnosis
Confirmatory diagnosis by examining the wax from the ear
Treatment
Treat Sow before farrowing
Boars treat at 6 monthly interval with Ivermectin at 300 g/kg can
be given
TANUVAS, 2011
VPA 221 Veterinary Entomology and Acarology

SARCOPTIC MANGE IN HORSES

Rare, notifiable in Britain


Weeping surface covered with thick crusts
Emaciation, Cachexia, Death in advanced cases

SARCOPTIC MANGE IN CATTLE

Rare but can occur in housed cattle


Neck & tail mange in USA, but can spread
Other symptoms similar
Loss of meat / milk production / downgrading of hide value
(damaged)
Loss of hair
At times severely encrusted lesion with no pruritis also occurs

TANUVAS, 2011
VPA 221 Veterinary Entomology and Acarology

SARCOPTIC MANGE IN DOG

Predilection site

Ear, muzzle, face, elbows, inguinal / axillary region


Symptoms
1st sign erythema, papule formation, rupture- encrustation of lymph,
scale, formation, pruritis, alopecia
Then skin is dry & thickened with intense pruritis, results in self
inflicted trauma secondary infection (pyoderma) /self mutilation
occurs
After primary infection, dogs get sensitized and scratch even before 1st
signs are seen
In neglected cases whole skin surface is involved, progressive weakness,
emaciation and strong sour odour. They become cachectic & even die

TANUVAS, 2011
VPA 221 Veterinary Entomology and Acarology

Diagnosis
Scratch reflex when ears are rubbed
Mostly intense itching is seen
Highly contagious, so all animals in contact are affected
Treatment
Benzye benzoate emulsion
Tetmosol (Tetraethylthiuram monosulphide) - 5%
20% Tetmosol soap as prophylaxis
Carbaryl shampoos
Overmectin 200g/kg .Bwt
Control
Supportive nutrition / Good hygiene in animal quarter / Disinfec animal
houses & utensils

TANUVAS, 2011
VPA 221 Veterinary Entomology and Acarology

SARCOPTIC MANGE IN SHEEP

Rare, affects non woolly portion of the body


Starts near mouth and spreads slowly
Intense itching, sheep don't graze, progressive emaciation

SARCOPTIC MANGE IN GOATS

The condition is more chronic with nodules developing


on less well haired parts of the body (even ear)

TANUVAS, 2011
VPA 221 Veterinary Entomology and Acarology

Sarcoptic mange in rabbit

TANUVAS, 2011
VPA 221 Veterinary Entomology and Acarology

SARCOPTIC MANGE IN HUMAN

Man picks up infection from affected animals-


Dairy Mans itch / from dogs / pigs.
Palms, wrists, arms and chest are usually
affected.
Animal origin scabies is less severe since mite
wont burrow and multiply.
Redness, papule, prurites for few weeks and
then it disappears.
Repeated exposure causes hypersensitivity
transient rash appears within few hours of
animal contact.

TANUVAS, 2011

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