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Introduction To Mass Transfer and Diffusion

This document introduces three fundamental transfer processes - momentum, heat, and mass transfer. It discusses examples of mass transfer processes like distillation, absorption, and drying. It also summarizes Fick's law for molecular diffusion and defines the convective mass transfer coefficient.

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Kema Technowaka
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269 views

Introduction To Mass Transfer and Diffusion

This document introduces three fundamental transfer processes - momentum, heat, and mass transfer. It discusses examples of mass transfer processes like distillation, absorption, and drying. It also summarizes Fick's law for molecular diffusion and defines the convective mass transfer coefficient.

Uploaded by

Kema Technowaka
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INTRODUCTION TO MASS

TRANSFER AND DIFFUSION


1.1 similarity of mass, heat and momentum transfer
processes
1.2 examples of mass transfer processes
1.3 ficks law for molecular diffusion
1.4 convective mass transfer coefficient
Three fundamental transfer processes

Momentum Heat Mass


transfer transfer transfer
Conductive & Distillation
Fluid flow convective transfer of
heat Absorption

Drying
Mixing Evaporation
Liquid-liquid extraction

Adsorption
Sedimentation Distillation
Ion exchange

Crystallization
Filtration Drying
Membrane processes
The basic mechanisms are the same whether
the phase is a gas, a liquid, or a solid when mass
is being transferred from one distinct phase to
another or through a single phase
General molecular transport equation

Rate of a transfer process = driving force


resistance
Molecular diffusion equations for
momentum, heat and mass transfer
Ficks law for
Newtons
Fouriers law for constant total
equation for
constant concentration in
constant density
a fluid
The similarities
1. All the fluxes on the left have a units transfer
of a quantity of momentum, heat or mass
per unit time per unit area
2. The transport properties have units of m2/s
3. The concentration represented as
momentum/m3, J/m3 or kg mol/m3
The difference between molecular mass transfer
and heat transfer by conduction

Molecular mass heat transfer by


transfer conduction
One or more of the The medium is usually
components of the stationary and only
medium is MOVING ENERGY in the form of
heat is being transported
Examples of mass transfer
Mass transfer occurs when a component in a
mixture MIGRATES in the same phase or from
phase to phase because of a difference in
concentration between two points.

Evaporation diffusion drying


purification extraction
distillation absorption
Ficks law for molecular diffusion
Can be defined as a transfer or movement of
individual molecules through a fluid by means
of the random, individual movements of the
molecules
Can be in straight line or changing direction by
bouncing off other molecules after collision
Travels in random path called random-walk
process
Convective mass transfer coefficient
When a fluid flowing outside a solid surface in
forced convection motion, the rate of convective
mass transfer from the surface to the fluid can be
expressed by:
NA = kc ( CL1- - Cli )

kc = mass transfer coefficient , m/s


CL1 = bulk fluid concentration, kg mol A/m3
Cli = concentration in the fluid next to the surface of
the solid

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