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Flexible Manufacturing Systems

An Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS) is a reprogrammable manufacturing system that can produce a variety of products automatically while providing both flexibility and efficiency. An FMS uses numerical control machine tools, an automated material handling system, industrial robots, and control software. It aims to provide the flexibility of job shops and efficiency of transfer lines.

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306 views18 pages

Flexible Manufacturing Systems

An Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS) is a reprogrammable manufacturing system that can produce a variety of products automatically while providing both flexibility and efficiency. An FMS uses numerical control machine tools, an automated material handling system, industrial robots, and control software. It aims to provide the flexibility of job shops and efficiency of transfer lines.

Uploaded by

examen7071
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Flexible Manufacturing

Systems
Flexible Manufacturing
Systems (FMS)
• An FMS is a “reprogrammable” manufacturing
system capable of producing a variety of products
automatically. Conventional manufacturing systems
have been marked by one of two distinct features:
– The capability of producing a variety of different
product types, but at a high cost (e.g., job shops).
– The capability of producing large volumes of a
product at a lower cost, but very inflexible in
terms of the product types which can be
produced (e.g., transfer lines).
• An FMS is designed to provide both of these
features.
FMS Components

• Numerical Control (NC) machine tools


• Automated material handling system
(AMHS)
– Automated guided vehicles (AGV)
– Conveyors
– Automated storage and retrieval systems
(AS/RS)
• Industrial Robots
• Control Software
Flexible Manufacturing System
Computer
control
room
Tools

Conveyor

Machine Machine

Pallet

Load Unload

Terminal Finished
Parts
goods
Classification of FMS-
related Problems
• Strategic analysis and economic justification, which
provides long-range, strategic business plans.
• Facility design, in which strategic business plans
are integrated into a specific facility design to
accomplish long-term managerial objectives.
• Intermediate-range planning, which encompasses
decisions related to master production scheduling
and deals with a planning horizon from several days
to several months in duration.
• Dynamic operations planning, which is concerned
with the dynamic, minute-to-minute operations of
FMS.
FMS Problems

• Part type selection (Askin) - selecting parts that will be


produced in the FMS over some relatively long planning
horizon.
• Part selection (Stecke) - from the set of parts that have
current production requirements and have been selected for
processing in the FMS, select a subset for immediate and
simultaneous processing.
• Machine grouping (Stecke) - partition machines into groups
where each machine in a group can perform the same set of
operations.
• Loading (Stecke) - allocate the operations and required tools
of the selected part types among the machine groups.
• Control - provide instructions for, and monitor the equipment
in the FMS so that the production goals identified by the
above problems are met.
Information Technology

• Management information system


(MIS)
–move large amounts of data
• Decision support system (DSS)
–add decision making support
• Expert system
–recommend decision based on
expert knowledge
Decision Support
System
Decision Support System Management
Personnel

Management Information System Accounting

Information:
Computer Production
reports
system:
Data model results Decisions
data
what if?
processing Marketing
analysis

Distribution

Other areas
Quantitative
techniques
What -if? analysis
Artificial Intelligence

• Neural networks
–emulate interconnections in brain
• Genetic algorithms
–based on adaptive capabilities in
nature
• Fuzzy logic
–simulate human ability to deal
with ambiguity
Advanced
Communications
• Electronic data interchange (EDI)
• Internet
• Wireless communications
• Teleconferencing
& telecommuting
• Bar coding
• Virtual reality
Manufacturing
Technology
• Numerically controlled (NC)
machines
–controlled by punched tape
• Computer numerical controlled (CNC)
–controlled by attached computer
• Direct numerical control (DNC)
– several NC machines controlled by
single computer
Automated Material
Handling
• Conveyors
• Automated guided vehicle (AGV)
• Automated storage & retrieval
system (ASRS)
Flexible Manufacturing
Systems (FMS)
• Programmable machine tools
• Controlled by common computer
network
• Combines flexibility with
efficiency
• Reduces setup & queue times
Robotics

• Programmable manipulators
• Follow specified path
• Better than humans with
respect to
–hostile environments
–long hours
–consistency
Robot Parts

• Controller
–hardware, software, power source
• Manipulator
–robot arm
• End-effector
–“hand”
Computer Integrated
Manufacturing (CIM)
• Integration of design, manufacture & delivery via
computer technology
• CAD - uses software to create & modify designs
• CAM - uses programmable automation in
manufacturing
• CAE - links functional design to CAD form design
• CAPP - creates processing instructions for CAM
• GT- classifies designs to benefit from prior
experience
Components Of CIM
IGES,
CAD CAE GT DFM PDES,
DMIS

TQM
Product
design CAD/CAM
Bar codes,
EDI

MRP CAPP
Systems Process
JIT/ management CIM planning
Cellular
kanban manufacturing
DSS/ES/
AI MAP,
Manufacture STEP
LAN, TOP,
satellites

NC/CNC/ AGV, Automated Cells


FMS Robotics
DNC ASRS inspection and centers
Adoption Of Technology

• Technology Readiness
• Need well-designed products & efficient
processes
• Technology Design
• Know what to automate
• Technology Selection
• Choose the right level
• Technology Integration
• Have a strategy for incremental automation

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