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CAL Gluconate

Calcium gluconate is a mineral supplement and medication used to treat low blood calcium, high blood potassium, and magnesium toxicity. It can be injected into veins or taken orally as a supplement to prevent osteoporosis or rickets. Common side effects include pain at the injection site and low blood pressure. Calcium gluconate interacts with cardiac glycosides and tetracycline antibiotics. It is used to treat various conditions like low blood calcium, high blood potassium, magnesium overdose, and hydrofluoric acid burns.

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258 views29 pages

CAL Gluconate

Calcium gluconate is a mineral supplement and medication used to treat low blood calcium, high blood potassium, and magnesium toxicity. It can be injected into veins or taken orally as a supplement to prevent osteoporosis or rickets. Common side effects include pain at the injection site and low blood pressure. Calcium gluconate interacts with cardiac glycosides and tetracycline antibiotics. It is used to treat various conditions like low blood calcium, high blood potassium, magnesium overdose, and hydrofluoric acid burns.

Uploaded by

humag143
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Instrumentation

TOPIC: Calcium Gluconate


Presented to:
Dr. Shehla Akbar
Presented By:
Ali Raza Aslam 1496
Muhammad Junaid 1495
Contents
• Calcium Gluconate
• Properties
• Preparation
• Drug Interactions
• Uses
• References
Calcium Gluconate
• Calcium gluconate is a mineral
supplement and medication.
• As a medication it is used
by injection into a vein to treat low
blood calcium, high blood
potassium, and magnesium
toxicity.
Calcium Gluconate
• Supplementation may be done to
treat or prevent osteoporosis or rickets.
It can also be taken by mouth but is
not recommended for injection into a
muscle.
•Supplementation is
generally only required when
there is not
enough calcium in the diet.
Side Effects
• Side effects when injected
include slow heart rate, pain at the site
of injection, and low blood pressure.

• When taken by mouth


side effects may
include constipation and
nausea
Side Effects
• Blood calcium levels should be measured
when used and extra care should be taken in
those with a history of kidney stones.
• DRUG SAFETY
• At normal doses use is
regarded as safe
in pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Properties
a) Chemical properties
• Molecular Weight 430.372 g/mol
• Chemical structure:
b) Physical Properties
• SHAPE
Crystals, granules, or powder
• ODOR
Odorless
• TASTE
Tasteles
• Melting Point
178°C
b) Physical Properties
• Solubility
Soluble in water
insoluble in ethanol
insoluble in alcohol or other organic solvents
Insoluble in acetic acid
• Density
0.30-0.65 g/cm³
Physical Properties
• Stability
Stable in air.
• pH
Between 6,0
• Spectral Properties
Specific optical rotation: approximately
+6 deg
Occurrence
• Not found in nature, prepared in
laboratory
Preparation
• Neutralization of gluconic acid with lime
or calcium carbonate.
• D-Glucose is oxidized to gluconic acid in the
presence of calcium carbonate.
• The oxidation may be effected by
certain molds, eg,
1. Aspergillus niger
2. bromine.
Chemical Equation
Preparation
• Due to its limited agent.
solubility, calcium
gluconate must
frequently be
suspended in a
suspending agent
• tragacanth is useful
as a suspending
Drug Interactions
• The ionotropic and toxic
effects of cardiac
glycosides and calcium
are synergistic and
arrhythmias may occur if
these drugs are given
together (particularly
when calcium is given
intravenously).
Drug Interactions
• Intravenous administration of calcium
should be avoided in patients receiving
cardiac glycosides.
• if necessary, calcium should be given
slowly in small amounts.
Drug Interactions

• Calcium complexes tetracycline antibiotics


rendering them inactive.
• The two drugs should not be given at the
same time orally nor should they be
mixed for parenteral
administration.
Drug Interactions
• Calcium Gluconate Injection has been
reported to be incompatible with intravenous
solutions containing various drugs.
Uses
• Low blood calcium
10% calcium gluconate
solution
(given intravenously) is
the form of calcium
most widely used in the
treatment of low blood
calcium
Uses
• High blood potassium
Calcium gluconate is
used as a
cardioprotective
agent in high blood
potassium, with one
alternative being use
of calcium chloride.
Uses
• Magnesium sulfate overdose
It is also used to counteract an overdose of Epsom
Salts magnesium sulfate,which is often
administered to pregnant women in order to
prophylactically prevent seizures.
Magnesium sulfate is no longer given to
pregnant women who are experiencing
premature labor in order to slow or stop
their contractions.
Uses
• Excess magnesium magnesium sulfate
sulfate results in toxicity.
magnesium sulfate
toxicity, which results
in respiratory
depression.
• Calcium gluconate is
the antidote for
Uses
• Hydrofluoric acid burns
Gel preparations of calcium gluconate are
used to treat hydrofluoric acid burns.This is
because calcium gluconate reacts with
hydrofluoric acid to form insoluble, non-
toxic calcium fluoride.
Uses
• Black widow spiderBites
Historically, IV calcium
gluconate was used as
an antidote for black
widow spider
envenomation.
This therapy, however, has
since been shown to be
ineffective
Uses
• Cardiac arrest
While intravenous calcium has been used
in cardiac arrest its general use is not
recommended.
Uses
• Cases of cardiac blocker overdose.
arrest in which it is
still recommended
include high blood
potassium, low blood
calcium such as may
occur following blood
transfusions,
and calcium channel
References
• https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound
/calcium_gluconate
• https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB11126

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