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C X F DX X F Y: 4.1 Antiderivatives and Indefinite Integration

The document defines antiderivatives and indefinite integration. It provides formulas for finding antiderivatives of common functions including polynomials, trigonometric functions, and their inverses. Examples are given of using substitution and rewriting functions to find antiderivatives. The document solves an example problem of finding the particular solution of a differential equation given an initial condition.

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Nicholas Anthony
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166 views5 pages

C X F DX X F Y: 4.1 Antiderivatives and Indefinite Integration

The document defines antiderivatives and indefinite integration. It provides formulas for finding antiderivatives of common functions including polynomials, trigonometric functions, and their inverses. Examples are given of using substitution and rewriting functions to find antiderivatives. The document solves an example problem of finding the particular solution of a differential equation given an initial condition.

Uploaded by

Nicholas Anthony
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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4.

1
Antiderivatives and
Indefinite Integration

Definition of Antiderivative: A function F is called an


antiderivative of the function f if for every x in the domain
of f
F’(x) = f(x) so, dy = f(x) dx
Integration is denoted by an integral sign .
y   f ( x)dx  F ( x)  C Constant of
Integration

Integrand Variable of F’(x) also = f(x)


Integration (first derivative)
Basic Integration Formulas

 0dx  C
 kdx  kx  C
n 1
x
 dx  n  1  C
n
x

 cos xdx  sin x  C  sec x tan xdx  sec x  C


 sin xdx   cos x  C  csc xdx   cot x  C
2

 sec xdx  tan x  C


2
 csc x cot xdx   csc x  C
Integrate
3x 2
 3xdx 
2
C
2
1

1 x

3
dx  x dx  C   2 C
x3 2 2x

 x dx 
12 32 32
x 2x
 x dx   C  C
32 3
 2sin xdx  2 sin xdx  2( cos x)  C  2 cos x  C
 1dx  x  C
 x  2dx  x  2 x  C
2

2
 3x  5x  x dx  3x  5x  x  C
5 3 2
4 2

5 3 2
Rewriting before integrating

x 1 x 1
 x dx   x  x dx  
  x1 2  x 1 2 dx

2 x3 2
  2 x1 2  C
3
sin x  1 sin x 
 cos 2 x dx   cos x cos x dx   sec x tan x dx
 sec x  C


1
Find the general solution of the equation F’(x) = 2 and
x
find the particular solution given the point F(1) = 0.

1
F ( x)   2 dx   x dx
2

x
x 1 1
 C   C
1 x
1
y   C Now plug in (1,0) and solve for C.
x
0 = -1 + C Final answer. 1
y   1
C=1 x

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