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Fuzzy Expert System

This document provides an overview of fuzzy expert systems. It begins with an introduction to fuzzy logic and how it can be used to represent expert knowledge that uses vague terms. It then defines fuzzy logic as a set of mathematical principles for knowledge representation based on degrees of membership. The document outlines the development process for a fuzzy expert system including specifying the problem, determining fuzzy sets, eliciting fuzzy rules, and encoding the system. It also discusses linguistic variables, hedges, common operations on fuzzy systems, pros and cons. An example of a fuzzy air conditioner system is provided to illustrate the logic development process. Finally, potential applications of fuzzy expert systems are mentioned.

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Aditya Kumar
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153 views

Fuzzy Expert System

This document provides an overview of fuzzy expert systems. It begins with an introduction to fuzzy logic and how it can be used to represent expert knowledge that uses vague terms. It then defines fuzzy logic as a set of mathematical principles for knowledge representation based on degrees of membership. The document outlines the development process for a fuzzy expert system including specifying the problem, determining fuzzy sets, eliciting fuzzy rules, and encoding the system. It also discusses linguistic variables, hedges, common operations on fuzzy systems, pros and cons. An example of a fuzzy air conditioner system is provided to illustrate the logic development process. Finally, potential applications of fuzzy expert systems are mentioned.

Uploaded by

Aditya Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FUZZY EXPERT SYSTEM

BY ADITYA KUMAR (MFD16I003)


OVERVIEW

 Introduction
 Fuzzy Logic
 Definition
 Development process
 Linguistic variables and hedges
 Operations on Fuzzy System
 Pros And Cons
 An Example:Air Conditioner
 Applicability
INTRODUCTION

 Experts rely on common sense when they solve problems.


 How can we represent expert knowledge that uses vague and ambiguous terms in a
computer?
 Fuzzy logic is not logic that is fuzzy, but logic that is used to describe fuzziness.
 Fuzzy logic is the theory of fuzzy sets, sets that calibrate vagueness.
 Fuzzy logic is based on the idea that all things admit of degrees.
FUZZY LOGIC

 Fuzzy logic reflects how people think. It attempts to model our sense of words, our
decision making and our common sense. As a result, it is leading to new, more human,
intelligent systems
 Whereas, Boolean logic uses sharp distinctions.
DEFINITION

 Fuzzy logic is a set of mathematical principles for knowledge representation based on


degrees of membership.
 Unlike two-valued Boolean logic, fuzzy logic is multivalued.
 It deals with degrees of membership and degrees of truth.
 Fuzzy logic uses the continuum of logical values between 0 (completely false) and 1
(completely true).
DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

 Specify the problem; define linguistic variables.


 Determine fuzzy sets.
 Elicit and construct fuzzy rules.
 Encode the fuzzy sets, fuzzy rules and procedures required to perform fuzzy inference into
expert system.
 Evaluate and tune the system.
LINGUISTIC VARIABLES AND HEDGES

 At the root of fuzzy set theory lies the idea of linguistic variables.
 A linguistic variable is a fuzzy variable. For example, the statement “John is tall” implies
that the linguistic variable John takes the linguistic value tall.
 Example:
IF: wind is strong
THEN: sailing is good
IF: project duration is long
THEN: completion risk is high
IF: speed is slow
THEN: stopping distance is short
HEDGE

 A linguistic variable carries with it the concept of fuzzy set qualifiers, called hedges.
 Hedges are terms that modify the shape of fuzzy sets. They include adverbs such as very,
somewhat, quite, more or less and slightly.
OPERATIONS

 Fuzzification Definition of fuzzy sets determination of the degree of membership of crisp


inputs in appropriate fuzzy sets.
 Inference Evaluation of fuzzy rules to produce an output for each rule.
 Composition Aggregation or combination of the outputs of all rules.
 Defuzzification Computation of crisp output.
PROS AND CONS

 PROS :
 Mathematical concepts within fuzzy reasoning are very simple.
 You can modify a FLS by just adding or deleting rules due to flexibility of fuzzy logic.
Fuzzy logic Systems can take imprecise, distorted, noisy input information. FLSs are
easy to construct and understand.
 Fuzzy logic is a solution to complex problems in all fields of life, including medicine, as it
resembles human reasoning and decision making.
 CONS
 There is no systematic approach to fuzzy system designing.
 They are understandable only when simple. They are suitable for the problems which do
not need high accuracy.
EXAMPLE: AIR CONDITIONER

 Let us consider an air conditioning system with 5-lvel fuzzy logic system. This system
adjusts the temperature of air conditioner by comparing the room temperature and the
target temperature value.
ALGORITHM

 Define linguistic variables and terms.


 Construct membership functions for them.
 Construct knowledge base of rules.
 Convert crisp data into fuzzy data sets using membership functions. (Fuzzification)
 Evaluate rules in the rule base. (Interface engine)
 Combine results from each rule. Composition
 Convert output data into non-fuzzy values. (Defuzzification)
LOGIC DEVELOPMENT

 Step 1: Define linguistic variables and terms


 Linguistic variables are input and output variables in the form of simple words or
sentences. For room temperature, cold, warm, hot, etc., are linguistic terms.
 Temperature t = {very-cold, cold, warm, very-warm, hot}.
 Step 2: Construct membership functions for them
 The membership functions of temperature variable are as shown in the next slide.
LOGIC DEVELOPMENT
LOGIC DEVELOPMENT

 Step3: Construct knowledge base rules


 Create a matrix of room temperature values versus target temperature values that an air
conditioning system is expected to provide.
LOGIC DEVELOPMENT

 Build a set of rules into the knowledge base in the form of IFTHEN-ELSE structures.
LOGIC DEVELOPMENT

 Step 4: Obtain fuzzy value


 Fuzzy set operations perform evaluation of rules. The operations used for OR and AND
are Max and Min respectively. Combine all results of evaluation to form a final result.
This result is a fuzzy value.
 Step 5: Perform defuzzification
 Defuzzification is then performed according to membership function for output variable.
LOGIC DEVELOPMENT
APPLICATION

 Automotive Systems
 Automatic Gearboxes
 Four-Wheel Steering
 Consumer Electronic Goods
 Hi-Fi Systems
 Television
 Domestic Goods
 Microwave Ovens
 Refrigerators
 Environment Control
 Air Conditioners/Dryers/Heaters
 Humidifiers
THANK YOU

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