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Transient Response Ana

The document discusses transient response analysis of systems. It begins by defining transient and steady state responses, and stability conditions for linear time-invariant systems. It then discusses standard input signals like step, ramp, and impulse inputs and their Laplace transforms. It provides definitions for transient response specifications like delay time, rise time, and peak time. Finally, it discusses damping ratio and natural frequency of oscillation for second order systems and gives the closed-loop transfer function.

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divyangkapadia
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61 views

Transient Response Ana

The document discusses transient response analysis of systems. It begins by defining transient and steady state responses, and stability conditions for linear time-invariant systems. It then discusses standard input signals like step, ramp, and impulse inputs and their Laplace transforms. It provides definitions for transient response specifications like delay time, rise time, and peak time. Finally, it discusses damping ratio and natural frequency of oscillation for second order systems and gives the closed-loop transfer function.

Uploaded by

divyangkapadia
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Transient Response Analysis

Prerequisites
• Once we obtain the mathematical model of the
system, it is easier to analyze it using different
available methods.
• For analysis we must have the responses of the
system to different (types of) input signals.
• Typical test signals are step, ramp, parabolic, impulse,
acceleration, sinusoidal, etc.
• The response of the system may be divided into two
fragments : 1)transient and 2) steady state responses.
Stability of a system
• Stability of a system is an important characteristic of
any system. An LTI system is said to be stable if it
satisfies the following conditions:
1) For a bounded input signal ,the system produces a
bounded output (BIBO)
2) For 0 (zero) input , the system output is zero.
Standard inputs to the system, characteristics and
representation
Input signal r(t) Laplace transform Related static error
R(s) coefficient
Step input (position) 1) Magnitude=R R/s Kp :positional error
constant
2) Magnitude=1 1/s

Ramp input (velocity) 1) Slope= R R/s2 Kv :velocity error


constant
2) Slope=1 1/s2

Parabolic input 1) Magnitude=R R/s3 Ka :acceleration


(acceleration) error constant
2) Magnitude=1 1/s3

Impulse input Momentary shock 1


The time response of a system may be considered in two
parts:
• Transient response: this part reduces to zero as t →∞,
since it is the response that goes from initial state to
final state
• Steady-state response: response of the system as t
→∞ ,since it is the response after the transient
response dies out i.e. @t=infinity.
Response plot
A unit step response of second order system
Definitions of transient response specifications:
• Delay time: Td :It is the time required for the response
to reach the half (50%)of the final value the very first
time.
• Rise time: Tr: It is the time required for the response
to reach 10-90% % ( normally used for over damped
sys.),5-95% or 0-100% ( normally used for under
damped sys.)half (50%)of its final value.
• Peak time: Tp:It is the time required for the response
to reach the first peak of the overshoot.
Definitions of transient response specifications:
Definitions of transient response specifications:
Second order system
WKT a certain time is required for the system to
reach steady state value, during which the
system oscillates or its response increases
exponentially.
Every system has a tendency to oppose any
oscillatory behavior which is called damping
which controls the closed loop poles of a sys.
and closed loop poles of a sys.
This means that damping controls the response
of the system.
• Damping Ratio: The damping is measured by a factor
called damping ratio. It is denoted by x or z.
• when x or z is maximum, it produces maximum
opposition to the oscillatory behavior of the system.
• Natural frequency of oscillation: When x or z is
zero, that means there is no opposition to the
oscillatory behavior of the system then the system
will oscillate naturally. Thus when x or z = 0,the
system oscillates with maximum frequency, which is
called the natural frequency of oscillations ,denoted
by: wn.
CLTF of a second order system:

Where,

And,

To be continued……………..

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