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Java 1.4: Accepting Input, Packages, Access Modifiers

The document discusses input in Java programs using the Scanner class. It provides an example Java program that imports Scanner, declares variables, creates a Scanner object to accept user input, and prints the input values. It also covers Java packages, access modifiers (private, public, protected, default), and the static keyword.

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Lisa Dias
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37 views

Java 1.4: Accepting Input, Packages, Access Modifiers

The document discusses input in Java programs using the Scanner class. It provides an example Java program that imports Scanner, declares variables, creates a Scanner object to accept user input, and prints the input values. It also covers Java packages, access modifiers (private, public, protected, default), and the static keyword.

Uploaded by

Lisa Dias
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Java 1.

Accepting Input, Packages, Access


Modifiers
Input in Java
• There are many ways of accepting input in
Java, but the prominent method is using
Scanner class.
• Accepting input in Java is not as direct as in
C/C++.
Example for accepting input in Java
import java.util.Scanner;

class GetInputFromUser
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
int a;
float b;
String s;

Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.println("Enter an integer");
a = sc.nextInt();
System.out.println("You entered integer "+a);
System.out.println("Enter a float");
b = sc.nextFloat();
System.out.println("You entered float "+b);

System.out.println("Enter a string");
s = sc.nextLine();
System.out.println("You entered string "+s);
sc.close();
}
}
If the input given to the program is:
5
11.67
Hello
Then determine the output:
Points to note:
• import java.util.Scanner;
• Creating an object of Scanner class
• Use methods of Scanner object to accept input.
• Close the Scanner object you created.
Important methods of Scanner class
Example Program of Scanner class
next() vs nextLine()
• Both of them are functions of Scanner class.
• Both of them are used for scanning a string.
• next() scans till it finds a space
• nextLine() scans till it finds a “\n” newline
character.
Packages
• A package in Java is similar to a namespace in
C++.
• It is like a folder, where you store classes,
interfaces and sub-packages.
• There are two types of Packages:
• Built-in Packages like java, lang, util, etc.
• User-defined packages.
Advantages of Packages
• It is used to categorize the classes and
interfaces for easy maintenance.
• It provides access protection.
• It removes naming collision.
Package Hierarchy in Java
import keyword
• To use any functionality of a predefined
class/interface, you have to import the
package containing it.
• import statement should be the first line of
any java program.
Access Modifiers in Java
• There are four access modifiers in Java:
1. private
2. protected
3. public
4. default (no keyword)
private
• private members are accessible only within a
class.
• A class cannot be private or protected unless it
is a nested class.
• If you define a private constructor, you cannot
create objects from outside of the class.
Sample Program
Sample Program
default
• If you don’t use any access modifier, it is
treated as default.
• The default is accessible only within the same
package.
Sample program
protected
• It is accessible within the package and to
derived classes.
• This access modifier can be applied on data
member, method and constructor.
• It cannot be applied to a class.
Sample program
public
• It is accessible everywhere.
• It can be applied to classes as well.
Sample Program
Conclusion
static keyword
• It is used for memory management.
• It can be used with variables, methods,
unnamed blocks and nested classes.
• static members belong to the class rather than
its individual objects.
static keyword can be applied to:
1. variable
2. method
3. block
4. nested class

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