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Basic Sentence Pattern 2

The document outlines the five main components of a sentence: subject (S), verb (V), object (O), complement (C), and adverbial (A). It defines each component and provides examples. The subject is usually a noun or pronoun. The verb shows action or state of being. The object answers what or whom. The complement completes the meaning. The adverbial element provides additional context about when, where, why or how.

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151 views

Basic Sentence Pattern 2

The document outlines the five main components of a sentence: subject (S), verb (V), object (O), complement (C), and adverbial (A). It defines each component and provides examples. The subject is usually a noun or pronoun. The verb shows action or state of being. The object answers what or whom. The complement completes the meaning. The adverbial element provides additional context about when, where, why or how.

Uploaded by

septiandwimulyana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Presented by Ade Johan

Five important components in a sentence.

1. SUBJECT (S)
 Definition :
To get ‘S’ ask the question ‘Who?’ before the verb.

e.g.
 Nancy danced well (Here “Nancy” - Subject)
 The child broke the glass (Here “The child” - Subject)

Subject (S) consists of nouns or pronouns


occurs before a verb
Definition :
In every sentence the most important word is the verb. A verb shows action or
activity or work done.

e.g. He is a doctor (“Be” form verb)


Jems wrote a letter (Main verb)
The baby is crying (auxiliary verb + Main verb)
Verb (V)
consists of:
(a) Auxiliaries
e.g.
am, is, are ,was, were
has, have, had
does, do, did
Modals : can, could; will, would; shall, should; may, might; must
Semi-modals / Quasi Modals : dare to; need to; used to; ought to
(b) Finite verbs - denote action
e.g.
talk, sing, write, make, dance, play, cook, leave, teach, sleep
- verbs occur after the subject
- verbs occur before the object
Definition :
 To get the object ‘O’ ask the question ‘What’ or ‘Whom’. ‘What’ is for
things and ‘Whom’ is for persons. Persons may be nouns or pronouns.
e.g.
 He bought a pen (a pen = Object)
 He handles the computer (computer = Object)
 I saw him (him = Object)
Object (O) - consists of nouns or noun phrases or noun clauses
(a) Do - direct object - answers the question ‘what’
e.g. SVO (what)
I likes animals
(b) IO - indirect object - answers the question ‘whom’
e.g. SV IO (whom) DO
I gave Rosy a pen
Definition :
The words required to complete the meaning of a sentence are called
Complement of the sentence.
e.g.
SVC
He is a dentist
She became a journalist
It grew dark

Complement (C) - from the word ‘complete’


occurs in two pattern. (i) S V C pattern. (ii) S V O C pattern
e.g.
SVC
They are players
She was angry
It seems absurd
SVOC
They called David a genius
I found her crying
They elected Michele leader
Definition :
To get ‘A’ ask the question why, when, where or how.

The use of adverbial is optional whereas complement is essential. It has


adverb phrase, adverbial clause, noun-phrase and prepositional phrase.

e.g.
Why? (reason) When? (Time) Where? (Place) How? (Manner)
due to cold now, later here, there by bus / cycle
through floods after 2 years every where through efforts
Carefully when young in the sky by mixing
in the morning at home by hard work

e.g.
SVA
She Comes every day
- Sit here
 Mr. Jokowi gave bycicle to many persons around
indonesia
 The student of STT mandala should meet 450
point of TOFL score before graduation
 To improve the fluency in english, the teacher give the
student a regular assignment
 SVCA
 SVOA
 ASVOC
Wassalam,

Semoga bermanfaat

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