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Materials Engineering

This document discusses diffusion, including its engineering applications, the two mechanisms of diffusion, steady-state vs non-steady-state diffusion, Fick's laws of diffusion, calculating diffusion coefficients, and the dependence of diffusion on structure and temperature. It introduces diffusion as the transfer of mass within or between solids, liquids, or gases via atomic motion. Interdiffusion and self-diffusion are described. The two dominant mechanisms of metallic diffusion are vacancy diffusion and interstitial diffusion.

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Mohamed Khalil
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33 views

Materials Engineering

This document discusses diffusion, including its engineering applications, the two mechanisms of diffusion, steady-state vs non-steady-state diffusion, Fick's laws of diffusion, calculating diffusion coefficients, and the dependence of diffusion on structure and temperature. It introduces diffusion as the transfer of mass within or between solids, liquids, or gases via atomic motion. Interdiffusion and self-diffusion are described. The two dominant mechanisms of metallic diffusion are vacancy diffusion and interstitial diffusion.

Uploaded by

Mohamed Khalil
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter Learning Objective

 What is diffusion and how it occur?

 What are some engineering applications for diffusion?

 Name and describe the two atomic mechanisms of diffusion.

 Distinguish between steady-state and non-steady-state diffusion.

 (a) Write Fick’s first and second laws in equation form and define all parameters.

(b) Note the kind of diffusion for which each of these equations is normally applied.
 Calculate the diffusion coefficient for a material at a specified temperature, given the
appropriate diffusion constants.
 How does diffusion depend on structure and temperature?
Introduction
 Diffusion is transfer of mass either within a specific solid by atomic motion or

from a liquid, a gas, or another solid phase.

 Interdiffusion: In an alloy, atoms tend to migrate from regions of high

concentration region to regions of low concentration.


Introduction
 Interdiffusion: In an alloy, atoms tend to migrate from regions of high

concentration region to regions of low concentration.


Introduction
 Self-diffusion: In an elemental solid, atoms also migrate.
DIFFUSION MECHANISMS
 Two conditions must be met:

 There must be an empty adjacent site, and

 The atom must have sufficient energy to break bonds with its neighbor atoms and

then cause some lattice distortion during the displacement.

 Several different models for this atomic motion have been proposed; of these
possibilities; two dominate for metallic diffusion:
 Vacancy Diffusion

 Interstitial Diffusion

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