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Orem'S Self Care Deficit Nursing Theory: Janet Secrest, PHD RN University of Tennessee at Chattanooga

Orem's Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory has three main theories: self-care, self-care deficit, and nursing systems. It identifies universal, developmental, and health deviation self-care requisites that are influenced by basic conditioning factors and power components. Orem's nursing process involves assessing these components, diagnosing self-care deficits, prescribing nursing systems, and regulating/controlling care to promote the patient's self-care agency. The goal is for patients to meet their own self-care needs.

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62 views44 pages

Orem'S Self Care Deficit Nursing Theory: Janet Secrest, PHD RN University of Tennessee at Chattanooga

Orem's Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory has three main theories: self-care, self-care deficit, and nursing systems. It identifies universal, developmental, and health deviation self-care requisites that are influenced by basic conditioning factors and power components. Orem's nursing process involves assessing these components, diagnosing self-care deficits, prescribing nursing systems, and regulating/controlling care to promote the patient's self-care agency. The goal is for patients to meet their own self-care needs.

Uploaded by

proners samratulangi
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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OREM’S SELF CARE

DEFICIT NURSING THEORY

Janet Secrest, PhD; RN


University of Tennessee at Chattanooga
Objectives
 At the end of this PP, you will be able to:

1. Explain the three theories in Orem’s SCDNT


2. State the self care requisites
3. State the Basic Conditioning Factors
4. Identify the Power Components
5. Explain the relationship between the BCF, PC,
and SCR
6. Use an analogy to explain Nursing Systems
7. Relate Nursing Process to SCDNT
3 THEORIES

1. Theory of Self Care

2. Theory of Self Care Deficit

3. Theory of Nursing System


Theory 1: Theory of Self Care

Is the person able to meet health


related self-care requisites?

or asked another way

Is there a need for nursing care?


Self Care Requisites (3)

Universal
Developmental
Health deviation
Self-Care Requisites Influenced by

Basic Conditioning Factors

Power Components
Self Care
Requisites

Develop- Health
Universal
mental Deviation

Solitude/ Prevention
Hazards/
Elimin- Activity/ Social
Air Water Food Promotion Normalcy
ation rest activity well
being
Self Care
Requisites

Universal Developmental
Health Deviation

Overcome
Promote/ Engage
Interferences
Development
w/ development
Self Care
Requisites

Develop- Health
Universal
mental Deviation

Being aware of Learning to live


Carry out
Attending to Modifying one’s With effects
Seek medical Attend to, aware Prescribed
Discomforting Self concept That promote
assistance Of path condition Treatment
Effects of medical Self development
measure
treatment
Universal Self Care
Requisites (8)
Air
Water
Food
Elimination
Activity/rest
Solitude/social activity

Prevention hazards Normalcy


Promotion well being

Orem, 2001, pp. 225-227


Orem’s Developmental Stages

Intrauterine

Adulthood
Neonatal

Infancy

Pregnancy Childhood
Adolescence

Orem, 2001, pp. 225-227


Developmental self care requisites

1. promote and/or engage


development

For example . . .
2. overcome interferences with
development

 educational deprivation

 problems of social adaptation

 failures of healthy individuation

 loss of relatives, friends, associates, possessions


After the hurricane
2. overcome interferences with
development

 abrupt change of residence

 status associated problems

 poor health or disability

 oppressive living conditions

 terminal illness/impending death


Health deviation self care requisites (6)

1. Seeking medical assistance

2. Being aware of, attending to effects, results path


condition

3. Effectively carrying out prescribed treatment


measures
Health deviation self care requisites (6)

4. Being aware of, attending to, regulating


discomforting effects of medical care
performed, prescribed by MD
Health deviation self care requisites (6)

5. Modifying self-concept in accepting oneself as in


a state of health

6. Learning to live w/effects that promotes


personal development
From the ParaOlympics
Basic Conditioning Factors

Gender
Resource
Pattern of living
availability
Family system Developmental
factors state

Environmental
Sociocultural
factors
Healthcare
Age
system
Health state
Priority Basic Conditioning Factors

 Age

 Developmental state
 Orem state
 Erikson, Piaget

 Health state
 Nursing history
 Physical examination
 Supporting laboratory data
Power Components

Vigilance
Body Control Energy

Repertoire of
Technical knowledge
skills
Motivation

Performing/
integrating Prioritize
skills
Decision making
Reasoning
ABILITIES
(Theory 1) Theory of Self Care
Nursing History

1. Basic Conditioning Factors

2. Power Components

3. S-C Requisites
a) Universal
b) Developmental
c) Health Deviation
Assess for each self care requisite

self care therapeutic


abilities demands

What is the patient’s ability What are the therapeutic


to meet, for example, USCR: demands on air?
air

versus
Assess each self care requisite

USCR: Air
self care therapeutic
abilities demands

What is the patient’s ability


What are the therapeutic
to meet, for example, USCR:
demands on air?
air

versus

Ability meets demand


Assess for each self care requisite

self care
abilities
USCR: Air
therapeutic
demands

Self care ability compromised


and
increased therapeutic demand
(Theory 2) Theory of Self-Care Deficit

There IS need for nursing

S-c abilities < therapeutic demands

therapeutic demands >s-c abilities


(Theory 3) Theory of Nursing System

Systems formed by nurses that compensate for


those in need of nursing . . .

i.e., unable to meet health related S-C requisites


Nursing System

 Wholly compensatory

 Partially compensatory

 Supportive educative
(developmental)
*analogy by Hilda Horton
Bicycle for two analogy

The nurse is in the back seat

Wholly compensatory: Nurse only pedals

Partially compensatory: Nurse pedals, patient pedals

Supportive-educative: Patient only pedals, nurse provides


guidance
Theory of self care

Traditional Orem

Assessment Diagnosis
Diagnosis
Diagnosis

1. Assess self care requisites, basic


conditioning factors, power components

2. Analyze data

3. Formulate self care deficit statement (s)


(nursing diagnosis)
Theory of self care deficit

Traditional Orem

Planning Prescription
Prescription

1. State particularized self care requisite


statement [goal statement]

2. State step by step interventions that lead


patient to meet particularized self care requisite
statement (goal), leading to self care agency
for that self care requisite.
Theory of nursing system

Traditional Orem

Implementation Regulation
Evaluation Control
Regulation, Control

Carrying out the prescription—how does


the pt respond? Is this appropriate?

Control--appraisal process--the progress


toward the goal or outcome of self care
agency

Control = evaluation
Orem’s Nursing Process

Diagnosis

Prescription

Regulation

Control
Objectives
 At the end of this PP, you will be able to:

1. Explain the three theories in Orem’s SCDNT


2. State the self care requisites
3. State the Basic Conditioning Factors
4. Identify the Power Components
5. Explain the relationship between the BCF, PC,
and SCR
6. Use an analogy to explain Nursing Systems
7. Relate Nursing Process to SCDNT
Outcome: Self care agency

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