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Quadratic Formula

The document provides a history of the development of the quadratic formula. It describes how early mathematicians like the Babylonians, Egyptians, Greeks, Indians, and Persians developed geometric and algebraic methods to solve quadratic equations. The modern quadratic formula in the form we know it today was published by René Descartes in 1637. The quadratic formula provides the solution to any quadratic equation in the standard form ax2 + bx + c = 0.

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ange lopez
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208 views

Quadratic Formula

The document provides a history of the development of the quadratic formula. It describes how early mathematicians like the Babylonians, Egyptians, Greeks, Indians, and Persians developed geometric and algebraic methods to solve quadratic equations. The modern quadratic formula in the form we know it today was published by René Descartes in 1637. The quadratic formula provides the solution to any quadratic equation in the standard form ax2 + bx + c = 0.

Uploaded by

ange lopez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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QUADRATIC FORMULA

WARLITO M. LOPEZ
Historical development
• The earliest methods for solving quadratic equations were
geometric. Babylonian cuneiform tablets contain problems
reducible to solving quadratic equations. The Egyptian Berlin
Papyrus, dating back to the Middle Kingdom (2050 BC to 1650 BC),
contains the solution to a two-term quadratic equation

• The Greek mathematician Euclid (circa 300 BC) used geometric


methods to solve quadratic equations in Book 2 of his Elements, an
influential mathematical treatise. Rules for quadratic equations
appear in the Chinese The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art.
In his work Arithmetica, the Greek mathematician
Diophantus (circa 250 BC) solved quadratic equations with a
method more recognizably algebraic than the geometric algebra of
Euclid. His solution gives only one root, even when both roots are
positive.
• The Indian mathematician Brahmagupta (597–668 AD) explicitly described the
quadratic formula in his treatise Brāhmasphuṭasiddhānta published in 628 AD,
but written in words instead of symbols. His solution of the quadratic
equation ax2 + bx = c was as follows: "To the absolute number multiplied by
four times the [coefficient of the] square, add the square of the [coefficient of
the] middle term; the square root of the same, less the [coefficient of the] middle
term, being divided by twice the [coefficient of the] square is the value.“ This is
equivalent to:

• The 9th-century Persian mathematician al-Khwārizmī, influenced by earlier


Greek and Indian mathematicians, solved quadratic equations algebraically. The
quadratic formula covering all cases was first obtained by Simon Stevin in 1594.

• In 1637 René Descartes published La Géométrie containing special cases of the


quadratic formula in the form we know today. The first appearance of the
general solution in the modern mathematical literature appeared in an 1896
paper by Henry Heaton.
Why was the quadratic formula
invented?
• With a purely geometric approach Pythagoras and
Euclid created a general procedure to find solutions of
the quadratic equation. In his work Arithmetica, the
Greek mathematician Diophantus solved the quadratic
equation, but giving only one root, even when both
roots were positive.

• As we see, the quadratic formula, which is a formula


that is used to solvequadratic equations, can easily
come up in real-life situations. As a matter of fact, it
comes up anytime some type of phenomena can be
modeled by a quadraticequation. ... Get
the quadratic equation in the form ax2 + bx + c = 0.
QUADRATIC FORMULA
• In elementary algebra, the quadratic formula is the
solution of the quadratic equation. There are other ways
to solve the quadratic equation instead of using the
quadratic formula, such as factoring, completing the
square, or graphing. Using the quadratic formula is often
the most convenient way.
• The quadratic formula, , is used in algebra to
solve quadratic equations (polynomial equations of
the second degree). The general form of aquadratic
equation is , where x represents a variable, and a, b,
and c are constants, with . A quadratic equation has
two solutions, called roots.
What is quadratic term?

• ax2 - is called the quadratic term or squared


term.
• bx - is called the linear term.
• c - is called the constant term. further,
• a - is the numerical coefficient of the quadratic
term (i.e the number just in front of x2)
When should you use the quadratic
formula?
• While factoring may not always be successful,
the Quadratic Formula can always find the
solution. The Quadratic Formula uses the "a",
"b", and "c" from "ax2 + bx + c", where "a", "b",
and "c" are just numbers; they are the
"numerical coefficients" of the quadratic
equation they've given you to solve.
•
How do you use the quadratic formula
step by step?
• Step 1: To use the quadratic formula,
the equation must be equal to zero, so move
the –4x back to the left hand side.
• Step 2: Identify a, b, and c and plug them into
the quadratic formula. In this case a = 3, b =
4, and c = 8.
• Step 3: Use the order of operations to simplify
the quadratic formula.

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