Scribd
Upload
43 views16 pages

JURNAL Update Terapy Mycoses

Measles is a highly contagious viral disease caused by the measles virus. It is characterized by fever, cough, runny nose, red eyes, and a red rash. Complications can include pneumonia and encephalitis. The disease spreads through the air via coughs or sneezes. Nearly all people who come in contact with someone infected will get measles if they are not immune. The live attenuated measles vaccine has been widely used since 1965 and has greatly reduced measles cases in China.

Uploaded by

Shania Evingelinda
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
43 views16 pages

JURNAL Update Terapy Mycoses

Measles is a highly contagious viral disease caused by the measles virus. It is characterized by fever, cough, runny nose, red eyes, and a red rash. Complications can include pneumonia and encephalitis. The disease spreads through the air via coughs or sneezes. Nearly all people who come in contact with someone infected will get measles if they are not immune. The live attenuated measles vaccine has been widely used since 1965 and has greatly reduced measles cases in China.

Uploaded by

Shania Evingelinda
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 16

MEASLES

RUBEOLA OR MORBILLI

Department of infectious disease

WANG JINGYAN
DEFINITION
• Measles is an acute highly contagious viral
disease caused by measles virus.It is
characterized by fever,URT catarrhal
inflamation, koplik’s spots and maculopapules.
• The disease may complicated with branch-
pneumonia, encepholitis, hepatitis.
• The lived attenuated measles virus
• vaccine has been utilized wildly since 1965 ,the
incidence of the disease has declined in china.
ETIOLOGY
• 1 .Pathogen is measles virus.
it has been classed as a paramyxovirus.it is
spherical in appearance ,measuring about
100~150nm in diameter.It has an outer envelope
composed of M-protein, H-protein, F-protein,
and internal core is RNA.
• 2 .Site of the measles virus exists
measles can be detected from blood and nasal,
pharyngeal secretions.
• 3. Three kinds of antibodies are produced
after infection,that is
•
`
3.1 complement combining antibody;
• 3.2 hemagglutinin inhibiting antibody
• 3.3 neutralizing antibody
• 4 .Only one antigenic type of measles virus
• is known.
• 5.Resistance:measles virus is sensitive to
• heat or disinfectant , it is also inactivated by
ultraviolet light easily.not strong
EPIDEMIOLOGY
• 1.Source of infection
The patients are the only source of infection.
• 2 .Routes of transmission
air-borne
• 3. Susceptibility of population
3.1 All age person is susceptible; 90% of
contact people acquire the disease.
3.2 The permanent immunity acquire after
disease.
• 4. Epidemic features
season:winter and spiring
age:6 months to 5 years old
PATHOGENESIS AND PATHOLOGY
measles virus
↓respiratory tract
epithelial cells(multiply)
↓lymphoid tissue
blood (first virusemia)
↓
MPS(multiply)
↓
blood (second virusemia)
↓
general toxic symptoms
PATHOLOGY
• Rash: corium superficial blood vessel
• Pigmentation:
• Desquamation:
• Koplik’s spots
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
• Typical type
• 1.Incubation period is approximately
6~18days,10days is the most common.
(3-4weeks)
• 2 .predromal phase
3~4 days.
2 .1 Fever;
2 .2 Catarrhal inflammation of URT;
2 .3 Koplik’s spots;
2 .4 Transient prodromal rashes.
• 3. Eruption stage
3 .1. Time: the3~5 days after fever;but the 4th
day is most common;
3 .2 . Shape:maculopapular
3.3. Seuence:behind the ear→along the
hairline→face→neck→chest→back→abdome
n→limbs→hand and feet(palm,sole)
3 .4 . The temperature rise continously and
companied with the toxic symptoms
exaggerate
• 4 . Convalescent stage
brown staining.
fine branny desquamation.
course:10-14 days
• Atypical measles

1 . mild measles;
2 . severe measles (toxic and shock type
measles);
3. hemorrhagic measles;
4 . variant measles.
COMPLICATIONS
• 1 .Bronchopneumonia;
• 2 .Myocarditis;
• 3 .Laryngitis;
• 4 .Neurologic complications:
Encephalitis and SSPE .
0.1-0.2% 1-4/m
2-6days 2-17ys
viral encephalitis retrograde change
early-viral mutation
late crossed immune
LABORATORY FINDINGS
• Blood routine
• Serum Ab measurement
complement combining antibody;
hemagglutinin inhibiting antibody;
neutralizing antibody;
specific antibody IgM.
• Other Ag and multinucleated giant cells
• The separation of virus
DIAGNOSIS
• 1 .Epidemiologic data;
• 2 .Clinical manifestations;
• 3. Laboratory findings:
. 3 .1 .Multinucleated giant cells are
detected in nasopharyax mucosa
secretions;
• 3 .2 .Measles virus can be isolated in
tissues culture;
. 3 .3 . Antibody titer;
• 3 .4 . WBC is relative low .
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
• 1 .Rubella (German measles) ;
• 2 .Roseola infantum (infant
subitum,exanthem subitum)
• 3. Drug rashes.
*the early stage definite diagnosis is:
*the early stage clinical diagnosis is:
*the clinical diagnosis is:
treatment

• 1 .General therapy: rest, nursing and


diet
• 2. Symptomatic therapy: fever and
cough,
• 3.Support threapy:r-globulin
traditional chinese herbs may be
used ;
• 4.complications of treatment
PREVENTION
• 1 .Control source of infection;
• 2 .Interruption of transmissions ;
• 3 .Protection of the susceptible person:
3.1 . Active immunization
Lived attenuated measles vaccine.
plan immune:8m,7j
epidemic stage:before 2 m
contactor:with in 2 days
Contraindications:pregnancy et al
3.2 . Passive immunization
placenta globulin or gamma globulin.
<5 days prevent onset

You might also like