Introduction to Health

Care Planning

Nayyar Raza
Basic Principles in Planning
 “If you do not know where you are
going you can never get lost”

 “If you do not know where you are, it

is not possible to determine how you
can get to where you want to be”.

 “If you know where you are and if you

know where you want to go , the task
is to find the best route to go there”.
What is Planning and
Development
 Planning is Optimal Use of Scarce Resources

 Development means ''improvement in a

country's economic and social conditions''. More
specifically, it refers to improvements in ways of
managing an area's natural and human
resources in order to create wealth and improve
people's lives
Levels of Planning
 Strategic Planning
 Deals with broader level policy paradigms.
 Development of Vision, Mission, Values and
Strategies
 Operational Planning
 Deals with development of Programs and
Projects
 Deals with operationalization of Policy Plans
 What is Planning? & Why we
need a Plan
 Planning means “Start thinking in advance”.
 Planning has become a craze in modern
times especially in LDCs.
 A plan is a package of economic and social
policies expressed with quantified targets
and objectives to be achieved during a laid-
down period. Source: (Planning
Commission of Pakistan)
 A plan is like a map.
 The past is sunk and the future is
uncertain. Planning is making decisions for
the future which is uncertain.
Need for Planning- Contd
 In addition to this, the spill over benefits and costs are
not taken into consideration.
 There is also lack of information and rapid changes in
the economy. This leads to excessive uncertainties
about the economic events in the future. Considering all
these conditions, it is increasingly felt that price
mechanism con not be fully relied upon to maximise
growth in the economy. The developing nations must
adopt development planning to overcome poverty.
 Historical Background of Planning
Commission
 Development Board 1948
 Established in Economic Affairs Division
 In 1950, D.B. formulated a Six Years
Development Plan
 Planning Board 1953
 Formulated the country’s 1st five years plan (1955-
60).
 TOR of Planning Board
 To Review Development that has taken place since
independence.
 To assess the resources - material and human,
 To prepare a national plan of development
 To make proposals regarding the administrative machinery
 To make any other recommendations
Planning Commission
Major Functions
 To prepare future five year plans of economic and social
development.
 To stimulate and initiate the preparation of schemes
required to achieve national objectives in the economic
and social fields.
Planning Commission of Pakistan
 22nd October 1958-National Planning Board was re-
designated as Planning Commission.
 Objectives:
 To promote the welfare of the people and raise the standard
of living of common man by
 Developing the utmost resources of the country
 Making provision for the basic necessities of life,
educational and health facilities, and work under just and
human conditions
 Ensuring equitable adjustment of rights relating to the
ownership and use of land and between employers and
employee
 Preventing concentration of wealth and means of
production and distribution in a few hands
 Securing social justice and equal opportunity to all.
 Major Functions

 To prepare a national plan at periodic intervals for

the economic and social development of the
country.
 To make assessments from time to time of the
human and material resources of the country
 To prepare the Annual Development Programme
(ADP)
 To stimulate and initiate the preparation of
development programmes and projects
 To recommend adjustments in the national plans
 To watch and evaluate the progress of
implementation of the development programmes
 Organizational Chart of Planning Commission
Prime Minister
Chairman

Deputy Chairman
Planning Commission

Chief Member Member Member Secretary/ Member Member Member Member /

Economist (I&M) (Energy) (SS) Member (S&T) (Infra) (F&A) VC PIDE

• Macroeconomic • IMU- • Energy • Education • Plan • S&T/Higher • T&C • Food & • PIDE
• Money, Price & (Infrastruc Wing • Governance Coordination Education • NTCMU Agriculture
Fiscal Policy ture • Health • PIP • ICT • Water • Forestry &
• Economic Manageme • Nutrition • PIA • Industries • Environment Wildlife
Appraisal nt Unit) • Population & • JACC • PP&H • NFDC
• Poverty • Projects Social Planning • Admin. &
Alleviation wing • Social Welfare Finance
• Employment & • Gender • Capacity
Research • DAD- Building
• CRPRID (Devolution and • DERA
Area • Afghan
Development) Reconstruction
• Mass Media • PPMI
 Types of Plans
 Planning is usually classified in terms of time and
organisational factor.
 In accordance with the time factor, plans are divided into
three categories –
 short, medium and long.
 A short-term plan has a very brief and limited horizon. It
is formulated with only one fiscal year in view. It is also
called Annual Development Plan or simply Annual Plan.
 A medium-term plan covers four to seven years period
with five years being the most popular choice.
 A long-term plan, more often called a "Perspective Plan",
may have a 15-25 years tenure depending upon the
peculiar economic compulsions and needs of a country.
 Annual Development Plan
(ADP)
 The principal instrument for adjusting the five year plan to
current realities is the annual plan.
 It is regarded as the implementation side of the five year
plan.
 The annual plan includes
 an evaluation of past performance,
 a presentation of the main targets,
 an assessment of the resource position for the year,
 an outline of the investment programme in the public
and private sectors and
 a broad outline of the economic policies that may be
necessary to achieve the targets.
 Roll-On Plan
 In order to
 bring flexibility into the Five Year Plan and
 to relate the sectoral and project-wise allocation with
(a) the financial position, and
(b) project implementation,
 a roll-on plan of medium term is designed in which the
sectoral and project-wise position is adjusted according
to the foregoing year.
 For the initial three years, a roll-on plan is prepared for
'a', 'b', 'c' years.
 Next year, the 'a' year is ousted and 'd' year entered, so
that the plan still remains for the three years. For the 'b'
and 'c' years, adjustments are made according to the
implementation of 'a' year. This process continues.
 Five Year Plan
 A single year is too short a period to accomplish anything.
 A five year plan on the contrary has the advantage of
reasonable time frame for manoeuvering and achievement of
solid results.
 A five year plan is a general statement of objectives and
targets relating to the economy as a whole and its various
component sectors. It is not an authorising document in the
sense that it does not authorise expenditure to the relevant
operating agencies. It provides a broad framework for
formulation of the plan.
 The first five year plan was launched in 1955 while the 10th
five year plan will be launched next year.
 During the period 1972-77, medium-term planning was
abandoned but was revived again with the Fifth Five Year
Plan in 1978.
 The 9th five year plan was from 1998-2003. Between 2003 and
09 we were out of any five year plan for development.
 Perspective Plan
 A perspective plan is a long term plan (15-25 years).
 Its main purpose is to provide a long-term (15-25 years)
economic and social policy framework so that the
objectives to be achieved over a much longer period can
be incorporated in a medium-term framework.
 The preparation of perspective plan reflects the growing
confidence of the country in its future. To permit a
meaningful structural, social, and attitudinal change in
the society, a perspective plan can be more helpful then
a five year plan.
 Pakistan had her first perspective plan in 1965 for the
period 1965-85, which became redundant after the
separation of its Eastern Wing in 1971 and was
abandoned consequently.
 A fifteen years perspective plan was announced
alongwith the launching of the 7th Five Year Plan, which
covers the period from 1988 to 2003.
 Public Sector Development
Programme (PSDP)
 The Public Sector Development Programme (PSDP) is an
annual document which lists all the public sector projects/
programmes with specific allocations made for each one
of them in that particular financial year.

 It is the operational side of the Five Year and Annual

Plans. In other words, it is that part of the country's annual
budget which deals with development expenditure, that is,
it indicates the total cost of the project, foreign exchange
component of the total cost, expenditure incurred upto the
end of last financial year, PSDP allocation for the current
financial year together with its foreign aid component.