Md.

Abdullah Al Mamun
Assistant professor and Chairman
Department of Textile Engineering
Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology
University
Santosh, Tangail-1902
 Slitting machine is used for tubular knit
fabric to make it in open form. In open form
fabric finishing line; slitting machine is used
to slit the as per needle drop or grey line.
Slitting is a process that is applied for cutting
the tubular fabric through the intended break
wales line on length wise direction prior to
dryer or stenter processing. During slitting, it
is required to be aware about the cutting line
otherwise, fabric faults can be occurred
there.
 To open tube fabric according to specific
needle drop
 Used to remove excess water after
pretreatment and dyeing
 To slit the tube fabric by the knife for
opening of the fabric and ready for dryer or
stentering
 To control the GSM, shrinkage and spirality
by over feeding mechanism
Fig.1: Image of Corino Slitting Machine
 Model: Super slit
 Brand Name: Corino
 Country of origin: Italy
 Padder pressure: (2-6) bar
 Machine speed: 100 m /min (maximum)
 Rotary Blade: Rotary blade is used for cutting the
fabric through break wales line.
 Ring: Ring is use to help the cutting process.
 Guide Roller: After slitting, plaiting of the fabric
is done. Guide roller guides the fabric to plaiting.
 Plaiting: Open fabric is make plait by plaiting.
 Sensor: Sensor is used to identify the specific
wales line. It makes sense for cutting through
break wale’s line.
 Relax conveyor: For overfeeding of fabric and
reducing tension on fabric.
 Rubber free guide roller: For tensionless cutting
of fabric in the rotary basket.
(a) Rubber free guide roller at rotary
basket
(b) Small delivery system
(c) Fabric ballooning unit
(d) Relax unit
(e) Dancing roller unit
(f) Padder of slitting machine
Fig.2: Line (passage) diagram of Corino Slitting Machine
Fig.3: Line (passage) diagram of Corino Slitting Machine
 The slitting m/c has mainly four units such as initial
squeezer, de-twisting, slitter and padder.
 After dyeing operation, fabric is fed in slitting m/c so it is
necessary to remove some water initially for the case of
further processing in this m/c.
 The initial squeezer does this work.
 The de-twisting unit removes twists that may present in
tubular rope form fabric. This unit has 3 de-twisting
rollers, one rotation drum and 2 feeler rollers with sensors.
 By these rollers it detects twist in fabric and removes by
rotating rope fabric in opposite direction.
 Before slitting there is a blower which blows air
to open the tubular fabric and makes it easy to
pass over basket.
 The rotary basket be extended in circumference
and opens the tubular fabric in full
circumference.
 Slitting is done by using open mark detecting
golden eye by around knife.
 Then the fabric passes through the relax
conveyor belt and then the padder where
washing or chemical treatment is done.
 Squeezer is used to remove 60-70% of water.
After removing water width is controlled by
stretcher and fabric is delivered by folding
device.
 Then finally slitted fabrics transfer for next
process (drying or stentering).
 The purpose of the stenter machine is to bringing
the length and width of the fabric to predetermine
dimensions and also for heat setting and it is used
for applying finishing chemicals and shade
variation is adjusted and also fabric shrinkage and
spirality are controlled. The main function of the
stenter is to stretch the fabric width wise and to
recover the uniform width. Stenter machine is not
a dryer but used for drying purpose extensively.
Here knitted fabric in open width form and woven
fabrics are treated and also heat setting of the
lycra used in fabric is performed. Stentering can be
defined as finishing process in which the open
width from of the fabric is treated to set up the
required width, weight and fabric texture as per
customer’s specification.
 Heat setting is carried out by the stenter for
lycra attached fabric, synthetic and blended
fabric.
 Width of the fabric is controlled by the stenter.
 Finishing chemical apply on fabric by the
stenter.
 Loop of the knit fabric is controlled.
 Moisture of the fabric is controlled by the
stenter.
 Spirality can be controlled by the stenter.
 GSM of the fabrcs is controlled by stenter.

 Fabric is dried by the stentering process.

 Shrinkage property of the fabric is controlled.

 Curing treatment for resin, water repellent

fabric is done by the stenter.

 Gumming and cutting for all over print (AOP)

fabric can be done by stenter.
 Padders: It is used to remove excess water or
chemicals from the fabric according to padder
pressure.

 Weft straightner (Mahlo): For adjusting bowing or

repeat of the fabric.

 Blowers: It helps to take up hot air from gas burner

or heat exchanger unit.

 Clips: Helps to hold the fabric in pinning system.

 Pins: To take up the fabric from overfeed
roller.
 Cooling fan: To cool the delivered fabric from
the machine.
 Nozzles: To spray the hot air to the fabric for
drying.
 Expander rollers: To remove curling from the
fabric.
 Exhaust fans: To remove excess heat from the
machine for temperature adjustment.
 Overfeed roller: For more feeding of the fabric
to the clip and pinning zone.
 Cutting blade: For selvedge cutting of all over
printed (A0P) fabric before printing.
Fig.5: Image of stenter machine
Machine Specification:
 Model: EAG-2700-CBR-O
 Brand Name: LK and LH
 Country of origin: Taiwan
 Power Source: 150 KW
 Heating Source : Thermal oil
 Machine Speed : 5-60 m /min (maximum)
 Overfeed : 100-200 %
Fig.6: Image of overfeeding and diameter stretching system of stenter machine
Fig.7: Line (passage) diagram of stenter machine
 The slitted fabric is passed through the padders
of the stenter where the various softeners are
used for softening of fabric
 The fabric is then entered into the mahlo (weft
straightner). The function of the mahlo is to set
the bow
 The fabric is gripped by the clips. pins are also
provided but the pins has a disadvantage that
they make holes at the selvedge but the
stretching of the pins are greater than the clips.
These clips and pins are joined to endless chain.
 There are 5 to 10 chambers provided on the
machine each chamber contains heat exchanger
and blower system.
 Blower system helps to take the heat from the
heat exchanger and apply to fabric for drying
the fabric.
 There are two exhaust fans system for removing
extra heat from the chamber.
 There are overfeeding system for shrinkage and
spirality control and GSM control.
 Filters are provided to separate dust from air.
 The circulating fans blow air from the base to
the upper side and exhaust fans sucks all the
hot air within the chambers. T
 here are also two cutting blade for selvedge
cutting of the fabric.
 The main task of dryer or drying machine is to
dry the fabric by heating. Heating is done by
thermal oil burner or gas burner. Drying is
defined as a process where the liquid portion of
the solution is evaporated from the fabric.
Drying is done after de-watering of fabric. In
textile finishing unit; dryer uses to dry the knit,
woven fabrics and dyed yarn. But the drying
process and drying mechanism of yarn and
fabrics is different from one to another. The
main functions of a textile dryer are to dry and
control of fabric shrinkage and spirality.
Objectives of dryer machine:
 Application of finishing chemical on fabric.
 Loop of the knit fabric is controlled
 Spirality control
 GSM of the fabric is controlled by dryer
 Controlling shade variation by increasing or
decreasing the temperature
 Fabric shrinkage can be controlled by dryer
machine
 MAIN PARTS OF DRYER MACHINE AND THEIR FUNCTIONS
 Padders: It is used to remove excess water or chemicals from the
fabric according to padder pressure.

 Blowers: It helps to take up hot air from gas burner or heat

exchanger unit.

 Cooling fan: To cool the delivered fabric from the machine.

 Nozzles: To spray the hot air to the fabric for drying.

 Expander rollers: To remove curling from the fabric.

 Exhaust fans: To remove excess heat from the machine for

temperature adjustment.

 Overfeed roller: For more feeding of the fabric to the clip and
pinning zone
 Relax conveyor belt: For drying the fabric at tensionless or relax
state.
Fig.8: Image of dryer machine
Fig.9: Line (passage) diagram of dryer machine
Machine Specification:
 Model: TPD6-2600P1L
 Brand Name: Asiasun
 Country of origin: Taiwan
 Power Source: 220 KW
 Heating Source: Thermal oil
 Machine Speed: 5-50 m /min (maximum)
 Overfeed: 100-200 %
 This machine contains 6 chambers. Two mesh
endless conveyors are placed lengthwise to
the chamber named conveyor net and filter
net.
 Each chamber contains one blower and heat
exchanger system. The blower absorbs hot air
from the heat exchanger of thermal oil and
supply hot air to the fabric.
 This hot air is guided through the ducting
line by suction fan.
 There are nozzles placed in between filter bet
and conveyor net.
 When the fabric passes on the conveyor net,
hot air is supplied to the wet fabric to dry it.
 There are exhaust fan which suck the wet air and deliver to
the atmosphere through the ducting line.

 The speed of the dryer depends on the temperature of the

machine and the required GSM of the fabric. If the machine
temperature is high then machine speed also high and then
the machine temperature is low the machine speed is also
low.
 The vibration speed of the machine for heavy fabric is 730
m/min and normal fabric is 480 m/min. Production
capacity if the dryer is (average) 3000 kg/shift (8 hours),
but it normally dry about 2200-2500 kg/shift (8 hours).

 Some points should be considered for getting good quality

production and required capacity of production.
 Some accessories and setting must be maintained for this
machine to run appropriate.
 Compactor is one kind of textile finishing machine which is
designed especially for compacting the various types of knitted
and woven fabrics. It is mainly used to improve dimensional
stability (shrinkage and spirality) of the fabric. During
compacting of the fabric, static friction is overcome by physical
force. Compaction is the use of compressive forces to shorten
the fabric to reduce the length wise shrinkage. This is achieved
by heated roll and shoe compactors or compressive belt
systems to force the length wise of the loop in a knit to become
not only shorter, but also more round in configuration thereby
resulting in lower length wise shrinkage. By this process
shrinkage and spirality can be easily improved. There are
tensioning system in compacting machine which consists of felt
tension, stenter outlet tension and cooling belt tension system.
Among those tensioning systems felt tension system has more
impact on fabric shrinkage and spirality.
OBJECTIVES OF COMPACTOR MACHINE

 Control of GSM of the fabric

 Control of shrinkage of the fabric
 Increase smoothness of the fabric
 Control of spirality of the fabric
MAIN PARTS OF COMPACTOR MACHINE AND THEIR FUNCTIONS
 Cooling fan: To cool the delivered fabric from the machine.

 Expander rollers: To remove curling from the fabric.

 Overfeed roller: For more feeding of the fabric to the clip and
pinning zone.

 Clips: Helps to hold the fabric in pinning system.

 Pins: To take up the fabric from overfeed roller.

 Tension panel board: To control tension during compacting.

 Blanket or felt: Where compaction of the fabric occurs.

Fig.10: Image of compactor machine
Fig.11: Line (passage) diagram of compactor machine
Fig.12: Tension control panel board of compactor machine
Fig.13: Line (passage) diagram of compactor machine
 Open width compactor is suitable for open
width knit fabrics to achieve exact dimensional
stability and a soft feel.
 The machine generally consists of a feeding
frame with centering device and driven scroll
rollers, an equalizing stenter frame with
overfeed roller and brush pinning
arrangement.
 The entry section of pin frame is provided with
edge spreaders sensor and there is a steaming
unit for uniform moistening of the fabric.
 There is a steaming system on the machine from
this, steam passes through the fabric. So the
fabric easily shrinks by felt pressure.
 The compacting unit consists of 2 felt
compacting units, each of them consisting of a
Nomex felt approx. 20 mm thick, a steam
heated chrome-plated center roller.
 A rubber covered roller driven by variable
frequency drive, a compacting pressure roller, a
felt tensioning roller and a felt centering roller.
 Each unit is provided with a special anti-
fiction sheet type shoe controlled by an
electrical actuator to control the compressive
shrinkage of the fabric.
A fabric cooling roller is provided after
second felt to cool the fabric by means of
chilled water circulation.
Fabric tension through the machine is
controlled with the help of sensitive load cells
and variable frequency drive with load cells and
touch screen.
Thank you