PHYLUM CHORDATA Vertebrata

Agnatha Gnathostomata
Protochordates
- jawless vertebrates - jawed vertebrates

Hemichordata Myxini
Fishes
- acorn worms - hagfishes

Urochordata †Placodermi Chondrichthyes Osteichthyes †Acanthodii

Cephalaspidomorphi
- tunicates - placoderms - cartilaginous fishes - bony fishes - spiny fishes

Asciadiacea Petromyzontiformes Elasmobranchii Actinopterygii Sarcopterygii

- sea squirts - lampreys - naked gill slits - ray-finned - lobe-finned

Larvacea †Cephalaspidiformes Squaliformes Chondrostei Crossopterygii

- plankton - ostracoderms - most sharks - sturgeons - coelecanths
- rhipidistians

Rajiformes Neopterygii
Thaliacea
- rays and skates - gars, bowfins
Dipnoi
Telostei - lungfishes
Cephalochordata Holocephalii - division
Telostei
- amphioxus - gill slits covered - a- modern
division
by opercululm ray-finned Tetrapods
- modernfishesray-
- chimaeras finned fishes - see next page
NOTES
1. Anthracosaurs – precursor to reptiles; direct line to amniotes Tetrapods
2. Diapsids- includes all living reptiles except turtles; has two subtaxa: Lepidosauria and Archosauria

Amniotes Anamniotes

Reptilia Aves Mammalia Amphibia

- taylor swift - feathered - mammary glands, fur - here come dat boi

Anapsida Archaeornithes Neornithes Prototherians Lissamphibia

Lepidosauria Therians Labyrinthodontia
- no temporal - earliest known - all other - monotremes - modern
- diapsids - viviparous - earliest tetrapods
fossae birds birds (egg-laying) amphibians

Chelonia/ Rhynchocephalia Squamata †Odontognathae Metatheria Eutheria Apoda Anura

Testudinata - Spenodon - lizards and - toothed; marine - marsupials - true placentas - caecilians - frogs, toads
- turtles (tuatara) snakes - icthyornis

Urodela
Palaeognathae - tailed amphibians
†Euryapsida Insectivora
- ratites Pholidota Rodentia
-loss of one Archosauria - shrews, moles, - squirrels, beavers,
- ostriches, emus - pangolins
temporal fossa - diapsids hedgehogs porcupines
- plesiosaurs and
fish-like reptiles Neognathae Xenarthra Chiroptera Carnivora canines, felines,
- carinates - armadillos, sloths - bats - terrestrial carnivores hyenas, bears, etc.
†Theocodontia †Ornithischia
Synapsida - stem archosaurs - bird-hipped
Tubulidentata Pinnipedia seals, sea lions,
- independently - Triceratops Primates walruses
- aardvark - aquatic carnivores
evolved one †Pterosauria
temporal fossa - winged reptiles Platyrrhini
- pterodactyls - Nostrils open Perissodactyla horses, tapirs,
Crocodilia rhinoceros
to the side - odd-toed ungulates
- crocodiles, Prosimii
alligators, Anthropoidea - lemurs , lorises,
†Therapsida †Saurischia tarsiers Suiformes: pigs,
caimans, Artiodactyla
- precursor to - reptile-hipped Catarrhini hippos, peccarines
gavials - even-toed ungulates
mammals - Tyrannosaurus - Nostrils open Tylopoda: camels,
downward and llamas
Ruminantia:
Lagomorpha Hyracoidea deers, giraffes,
- rabbits, hares, pika - hyraxes
pronghorn
antelopes, oxen,
Cetacea sheep, goats, true
Humans - whales, dolphins,
Proboscidea Sirenia antelopes, mouse
- elephants, mastodons - manatees, dugongs
porpoises deers (pilandok)