The WEB As a PLATFORM

Developed By: Guided By:

HANIF SIPAI (CE0766) Mr. BIREN PATEL

S.P.B. Patel Engineering College, SIT Campus,

Linch.
 WEB 2.0 & WEB
  BLOGS

1. WHAT IS WEB 2.0?

2. The Key Principles of New Internet & Applications.
3. HISTORY OF WEB 2.0
4. CHARACTERISTICS OF WEB 2.0
5. INTRODUCTION TO WEB 2.0
6. KEY ASPECTS OF WEB 2.0
7. THE WEB AS A PLATFORM.
8. WHAT IS BLOG?
9. TYPES OF BLOGS
 PERSONAL BLOG.
 CORPORATE BLOG.
 QUESTION BLOG.
10. WEB 2.0 DESIGN PATTERNS.
 THE LONG TAIL.
 DATA IS VALUABLE.
 USERS ADD VALUE.
 SOME RIGHTS RESERVED.
 COOPERATE, DON’T CONTROL.

11. THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF WEB 2.0

12. HOW WEB 2.0 WILL CHANGE THE WORLD.
13. Conclusions.
14. Bibliography and References.
 PREFACE

Web 2.0 is a term describing changing trends in the use of World Wide
Web technology and web design that aims to enhance creativity, secure
information sharing, collaboration and functionality of the web.

Web 2.0 concepts have led to the development and evolution of web-
based communities and its hosted services, such as social-networking
sites, video sharing sites, wikis, blogs, and folksonomies. The term
became notable after the first O'Reilly Media Web 2.0 conference in
2004.

Although the term suggests a new version of the World Wide Web, it
does not refer to an update to any technical specifications, but to changes
in the ways software developers and end-users utilize the Web.
According to Tim O'Reilly:
Web 2.0 is the business revolution in the computer industry caused by
the move to the Internet as platform, and an attempt to understand the
rules for success on that new platform.
Web 2.0 is hot, controversy, and maybe the (Internet world) buzzword of
2005.
We are going to examine what is being meant with Web 2.0, meaning
why there is huge agreement on the fact that present changes have
something in common which is different or new. We will identify this by
examining the technologies and applications said to be Web 2.0

One technology that was of major influence, and is of major significance

for Web 2.0,is called AJAX and will thus be examined in a particularly
detailed way. Finally, we will try to capture the significance of Web 2.0 :

How successful are the new technologies and applications? How are
major players on the Web reacting? To what extent are they already
involved? Can there be a prediction made about how things will continue
to change in the Web?
WHAT IS WEB 2.0 :-

Everybody is talking about Web 2.0 lately. It's a real hype, but do you know what it is
all about? Web 2.0 refers to the second stage of development of the Internet, according
to some people. It's about the change of a collection of websites to a complete platform
for interactive web applications for the end-users on the World Wide Web.

For some people it will mean the end of desktop applications. These web-based
services make it easy for people to place things online, such as documents, pictures,
movies, to-do lists... and share them with others by just using your browser. Software is
no longer needed. Everything happens online: sharing information, collaborating etc.
It's a social happening. People are organizing and sharing their lives on the Web.

Web 2.0 is a social phenomenon that gives users freedom to share and re-use, that uses
technologies such as social bookmarking, weblogs, podcasts, RSS Feeds, wikis... The
users are the force behind the Internet, we make the Web every day. We publish pieces
of our lives, day after day. The new thing about Web 2.0 is that all this sharing of
personal information is so much easier and more attractive than it used to be.

Information from different websites can easily be combined for you to make it easy to
track it, or even better the new information, based on your own preferences, will be
The key principles of the new Internet and its web-applications are:

• The main force is data

• The World Wide Web is being used as a platform.
• A lot of people participate which causes an architecture of participation and
democracy.
• Features from lots of independent developers are being combined and
assembled together to create innovative sites and systems
• The perpetual beta.
• User-friendly, rich and interactive interfaces:
• The Internet is a Read/Write Web.
• Have faith in users
Web 2.0 is a great thing, but it is under constant development. It still needs
much work. Structures need to evolve to more similar structures, so that all
developers will find it easy to work and collaborate with other developers.
People will need to be sharing their knowledge. Web 2.0 can only evolve when
working in teams. More brains working together mean more ideas. More ideas
lead to more innovations. One thing is for sure: we haven't seen the last of Web
2.0 yet.
History of WEB 2.0:-

The term Web 2.0was created by the publisher Tim O’Reilly together with
work partners in October 2004, as various sources concordantly state,
amongst them O’Reilly himself [O’R05]. They then also held the first
Web 2.0 Conference, with its successor in this autumn.
In the past months, Web 2.0 has been a hot topic for discussion, especially
in the blogosphere1, and this has also lead to first coverage in the so-
called traditional media.
It is meant to summarize new technologies, applications, concepts, ideas
and realizations in the World Wide Web. These vary from author to author;
the term of Web 2.0 is not a well-defined one, and we can only examine a
selection here. This term consists of the word Web and the version number
2.0, so this implies that there exists at least one earlier version as a
predecessor – the so-called Web 1.0.
CHARACTERISTICS OF WEB 2.0 :-

CHARACTERISTICS

Web 1.0 Web 2.0

Double-click Google Ad Sense
Ofoto Flicker
Akamai BitTorrent
mp3.com Napster
Britannica Online Wikipedia
personal websites Blogging
evite upcoming.org and EVDB
domain name speculation search engine optimization
page views cost per click
screen scraping web services
publishing participation
content management systems wikis
directories (taxonomy) tagging (‘folksonomy’)
stickiness syndication
Core Competencies of Web 2.0 Companies

•Services, not packaged software, with cost-effective scalability

•Control over unique, hard-to-recreate data sources that get richer as more people use
them
•Trusting users as co-developers
•Harnessing collective intelligence
•Leveraging the long tail through customer self-service
•Software above the level of a single device
•Lightweight user interfaces, development models, AND business models

Characteristics

According to Best, the characteristics of Web 2.0 are: rich user experience, user
participation, dynamic content, metadata, web standards and scalability. Further
characteristics, such as openness, freedom and collective intelligence by way of user
participation, can also be viewed as essential attributes of Web 2.0.
Rich User Experience
This term relates to the behavior of a Web application. Many new Web 2.0
applications are said to allow Rich User Experience because they behave in a
way very similar to desktop applications. These latter are characterized through
a state based user interaction. This means that the application can have differing
states, show progress, and reply fast

• standards-based presentation using XHTML and CSS;

• AJAX
• dynamic display and interaction using the Document Object Model;
• data interchange and manipulation using XML and XSLT;
• asynchronous data retrieval using XML Http Request;
• and JavaScript binding everything together.“

User Participation
Dynamic Content
THE WEB AS PLATFORM
Like many important concepts, Web 2.0 doesn't have a hard boundary, but rather, a gravitational
core. You can visualize Web 2.0 as a set of principles and practices that tie together a veritable
solar system of sites that demonstrate some or all of those principles, at a varying distance from
that core.
WEB AS A PLATFORM
•NETSCAPE VS. GOOGLE.
•DOUBLE-CLICK VS. ADSENSE.
•AKAMAI VS BITORRENT.

Web 2.0 Design Patterns

The Long Tail

Small sites make up the bulk of the internet's content; narrow niches make up the bulk of
internet's the possible applications. Therefore: Leverage customer-self service and algorithmic
data management to reach out to the entire web, to the edges and not just the center, to the long
tail and not just the head.

Data is the Next Intel Inside

Applications are increasingly data-driven. Therefore: For competitive advantage, seek to own a
unique, hard-to-recreate source of data.

Users Add Value

The key to competitive advantage in internet applications is the extent to which users add their
own data to that which you provide. Therefore: Don't restrict your "architecture of participation"
to software development. Involve your users both implicitly and explicitly in adding value to
your application.
Network Effects by Default
Only a small percentage of users will go to the trouble of adding value to your
application. Therefore: Set inclusive defaults for aggregating user data as a side-effect
of their use of the application.
Some Rights Reserved
Intellectual property protection limits re-use and prevents experimentation. Therefore:
When benefits come from collective adoption, not private restriction, make sure that
barriers to adoption are low. Follow existing standards, and use licenses with as few
restrictions as possible. Design for "hackability" and "remixability."
The Perpetual Beta
When devices and programs are connected to the internet, applications are no longer
software artifacts, they are ongoing services. Therefore: Don't package up new features
into monolithic releases, but instead add them on a regular basis as part of the normal
user experience. Engage your users as real-time testers, and instrument the service so
that you know how people use the new features.
Cooperate, Don't Control
Web 2.0 applications are built of a network of cooperating data services. Therefore:
Offer web services interfaces and content syndication, and re-use the data services of
others. Support lightweight programming models that allow for loosely-coupled
systems.
Software Above the Level of a Single Device
The PC is no longer the only access device for internet applications, and applications
Key Aspects of Web 2.0
•The Web and all its connected devices as one global platform of
reusable services and data
•Data consumption and remixing from all sources, particularly user
generated data
•Continuous and seamless update of software and data, often very
rapidly
•Rich and interactive user interfaces
• Architecture of participation that encourages user contribution

Web 1.0 technologies were platform-based whereas Web 2.0

offers the web as a platform.  That is to say, old web companies
offered products you could run on your Windows, Mac, or Linux
computer; the new generation of web companies offers services
which are delivered on the web itself.
How Web 2.0 Will Change the Internet

I personally feel that it is an understatement to say that Web 2.0 will change the face of the
Internet. It is an emerging technology that has a number of important implications, and those who
are prepared for such implications will prosper. Many have said that Web 2.0 will give users the
same experiences that they first had when they used the Internet for the first time.
However, many experts feel that Web 2.0 will be the result of small advances and tweaks that will
gradually transform the net. While it took a few years for email to be adopted by the general
public, many feel that Web 2.0 will allow things to move much faster. However, the revolution that
will become Web 2.0 is much more quiet than previous revolutions.

To the casual Internet user, the changes are not all that obvious. They log on, go to their favorite
websites, or download games or movies. However, there are a large number of technical advances
that are being made each day, and it will take some time for these changes to become visible. One
of the reasons why Web 1.0 was so powerful was because of its simplicity. Unlike many
technological marvels, it was not inherently complex. A website was simply a group of pages that
had text and images, and if you found a website that was similar in topic to your own, you could
link to them, and they could link back.

People who visit their website could come to your website, and people who came to your site could
go to theirs. While this interaction was very simple, it was revolutionary, and laid the foundation
for what we have today. Now that I've given you an illustration of Web 1.0, let me give you a
demonstration of web 2.0.
Let’s say you have a website in Web 2.0 that is related to a specific dog
breed. You could subscribe to a dog care service that is related to Google
News, and you could put in a request for the service to scan numerous
new outlets across the web, and notify you of any information that is
related to a specific dog breed. When you get up in the morning, you
could find a link to a book that is written about the dog breed of your
interest.
You could then click on the link to go to the first article, and you could then use a tool
such as Blogger to write a review of the books with links to Amazon.com, a place
where the book could be purchased.
Common Web 2.0 Tools
There are a number of common tools that are considered to be Web 2.0 technologies.
One of these is a podcast, which is a personal broadcast that can be accessed on
demand. It will generally come in the form of a multimedia file that is distributed over
the Internet. It can be played on portable devices or on a computer. Another type of
Web 2.0 technology is a mash up. This is a website or program that collects content
from other parts of the web to turn it into something entirely new. A folksonomy is a
method in which users categorize links or other useful information. When combined,
these technologies are expected to transform the web
Web 2.0 and The Read/Write Web
One of the emerging themes of Web 2.0 is the ability for users to add data to web sites
directly.  In Web 1.0 web content was managed by so-called “webmasters”.  The
webmaster would update HTML web pages using simple text editors (like Notepad) or
advanced web management systems (like Dreamweaver).
In Web 2.0 web sites are reaching out to the users and inviting them to add content
directly. Wikis, Weblogs (Blogs), Forums, and Content Management Systems are
making this possible.
Wikis (from the Hawaiian “Wiki Wiki” meaning “quick”) are flat web spaces where
users can update existing pages and add their own web pages by doing little more than
clicking a link.  In a Wiki, every page has an “edit” button and any user can then update
the text that is displayed

AJAX
A popular Rich Client technology is Ajax (Asynchronous Java and XML).  Ajax uses
JavaScript to send requests for data from the browser directly to the remote server.  The
server responds with data in the form of XML.  Since the JavaScript is running
asynchronously, the user doesn’t have to wait for the response to make another request
(as is true of “Thin Client” applications).  Good examples of this technology are
Google Maps and Google Mail.
WHAT IS BLOG
A blog (a contraction of the term "Web log") is a Web site, usually
maintained by an individual with regular entries of commentary,
descriptions of events, or other material such as graphics or video. Entries
are commonly displayed in reverse-chronological order. "Blog" can also
be used as a verb, meaning to maintain or add content to a blog.
TYPES OF BLOGS

 Personal Blogs
 Corporate Blogs
 Question Blogging
 By Media Type
 By Device
 By Genre
CANCLUSION:-

Web 2.0 is a merging of technologies, people, and attitude that

has created an important shift in the way we think about and
use the Internet. There are many ways that Web 2.0 can be
used to benefit businesses by saving them time and money,
and offering a new mode of interaction with customers.
However, Web 2.0 takes advantage of many emerging
technologies that could leave your business vulnerable, so
enjoy the benefits Web 2.0 has to offer, but make sure to do it
with security in mind.
WEB 2.0 IS NEVER ENDING TECHNOLOGY.
BIBLIOGRAPHY & REFERENCES:-

We did learn and implement in parallel, so here is the list of sources from
which we have taken the guidance.

Books:-

• Web 2.0: A STRATEGY GUIDE.

By: - Byte Craft Limited.

We b s i t e s : -

www.en.wikipedia.org
www.en.wikibooks.org
www.web20.com
www.microsoft\web20.com
http://www.exforsys.com/tutorials/web-2.0.html