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Analysis of Electric Circuits: Review of Circuit Elements Methods For Circuit Analysis

This document provides an overview of electric circuit analysis. It defines electric circuits and their basic elements, including both active elements like voltage and current sources as well as passive elements like resistors, inductors, and capacitors. It describes ideal sources that maintain constant voltage or current regardless of the other parameter, as well as practical sources that include an internal resistance. It also introduces dependent sources that are controlled by another voltage or current in the circuit. The goal is to review key concepts needed to analyze and solve circuits using different methods.

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36 views

Analysis of Electric Circuits: Review of Circuit Elements Methods For Circuit Analysis

This document provides an overview of electric circuit analysis. It defines electric circuits and their basic elements, including both active elements like voltage and current sources as well as passive elements like resistors, inductors, and capacitors. It describes ideal sources that maintain constant voltage or current regardless of the other parameter, as well as practical sources that include an internal resistance. It also introduces dependent sources that are controlled by another voltage or current in the circuit. The goal is to review key concepts needed to analyze and solve circuits using different methods.

Uploaded by

prachetha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Analysis of Electric Circuits

 Review of Circuit Elements


 Methods for Circuit Analysis
Electric Circuit - Review

Outline
What is an Electric Circuit?
Basic Circuit Elements
Sources – Voltage & Current

Reference Books
Chapter 2-4 of Reference 1; [Hughes E]
Chapter 3 of Reference 2; [Nagasarkar & Sukhija]
Chapter 1-2 of Reference 3; [Kothari & Nagrath]

ELE 101 / 102 Dept of E & E Engg, MIT Manipal 2


Electric Circuit - Key terms

Electric Circuit
An interconnection of simple electrical devices with at
least one closed path in which current may flow

An Electric circuit is a mathematical model that


approximates the behavior of an actual Electrical system

ELE 101 / 102 Dept of E & E Engg, MIT Manipal 3


Circuit Elements

Two terminal component that cannot be sub-divided


Described mathematically in terms of its terminal voltage &
current
5 basic circuit elements
Active Elements
Voltage and Current sources
Passive Elements
Resistors, Inductors and Capacitors

ELE 101 / 102 Dept of E & E Engg, MIT Manipal 4


Circuit Elements Review topics

BasicCircuit
Basic CircuitElements
Elements

ActiveElements
Active Elements PassiveElements
Passive Elements

Sources 1. Resistors
2. Inductors
3. Capacitors
Dependent Independent
sources sources

Voltage sources Current sources

Ideal (DC) Practical (DC) Ideal (DC) Practical (DC)


Voltage source Voltage source Current source Current source

+-
+-
Vs Vs Rs Is Rs
Is
Vs
ELE 101 / 102 Dept of E & E Engg, MIT Manipal 5
Ideal Nature

An ideal voltage source maintains a prescribed voltage


regardless of the current in the device. Internal resistance Rs
=0

An ideal current source maintains a prescribed current


regardless of the voltage across the device. Internal
resistance Rs = ∞

An ideal resistor constraints its voltage and current to be


proportional to each other. (v = iR; Ohm’s law)

ELE 101 / 102 Dept of E & E Engg, MIT Manipal 6


Ideal Sources

Independent Voltage & Current Sources


Circuit Representation

I d e a l V o lta g e S o u r c e s (D C ) I d e a l C u rre n t S o u rc e s (D C )
Vs
+ -

V s Is

ELE 101 / 102 Dept of E & E Engg, MIT Manipal 7


Practical Sources

Independent Voltage & Current Sources


Circuit Representation

P r a c tic a l V o lta g e S o u r c e s P r a c tic a l C u r r e n t S o u r c e s


Vs Rs
+ - Is R s

ELE 101 / 102 Dept of E & E Engg, MIT Manipal 8


Source Transformation

Rs +a
Conversion of Practical
Voltage source to Current +
source & vice versa Vs -

-b

Voltage & Current sources


shown in the figure are +a
electrically equivalent if
Ip Rp
Vs = Ip * Rp or (Ip = Vs/Rs)
Rs = R p
-b

ELE 101 / 102 Dept of E & E Engg, MIT Manipal 9


Dependent Sources

Voltage Controlled Voltage Source (VCVS)


Voltage Controlled Current Source (VCCS)
Current Controlled Voltage Source (CCVS)
Current Controlled Current Source (CCCS)

ELE 101 / 102 Dept of E & E Engg, MIT Manipal 10


Dependent Sources – Voltage Controlled

Voltage Controlled Voltage Source (VCVS)

a c

b d

V cd = uV ab

ELE 101 / 102 Dept of E & E Engg, MIT Manipal 11


Dependent Sources – Voltage Controlled

Voltage Controlled Current Source (VCCS)

a c

b d

I = uV ab

ELE 101 / 102 Dept of E & E Engg, MIT Manipal 12


Dependent Sources – Current Controlled

Current Controlled Voltage Source (CCVS)

Ia
a c

b d

V cd = u Ia

ELE 101 / 102 Dept of E & E Engg, MIT Manipal 13


Dependent Sources – Current Controlled

Current Controlled Current Source (CCCS)

Ia
a c

I
b d

I = u Ia
ELE 101 / 102 Dept of E & E Engg, MIT Manipal 14

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