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Pipe Sticking

Mechanical pipe sticking can occur due to inadequate removal of cuttings, borehole instability, or key seating. Cuttings can accumulate and pack off around the BHA. Reactive shales, pressured shales, fractures, unconsolidated formations, cement or junk can cause borehole instability. Key seating involves wearing a groove into the side of the borehole from drillstring rotation. Differential pressure pipe sticking occurs when part of the drill string embeds in a permeable mud cake zone. This can be caused by a thick mud cake, excessive pipe length in the cake, high differential pressure, or low lubricity mud cake. Methods to overcome sticking include mechanical (releasing pipe), chemical

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210 views

Pipe Sticking

Mechanical pipe sticking can occur due to inadequate removal of cuttings, borehole instability, or key seating. Cuttings can accumulate and pack off around the BHA. Reactive shales, pressured shales, fractures, unconsolidated formations, cement or junk can cause borehole instability. Key seating involves wearing a groove into the side of the borehole from drillstring rotation. Differential pressure pipe sticking occurs when part of the drill string embeds in a permeable mud cake zone. This can be caused by a thick mud cake, excessive pipe length in the cake, high differential pressure, or low lubricity mud cake. Methods to overcome sticking include mechanical (releasing pipe), chemical

Uploaded by

Marco
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PIPE STICKING

ISTANBUL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY


INTRODUCTION
Mechanical Pipe Sticking

Mechanical pipe sticking are caused by


inadequate removal of drilled cuttings from
the annulus; borehole instabilities and key
seating.
Causes of Mechanical Pipe Stuck
• Drilled Cuttings
• Borehole Instability
- Reactive Shales
- Pressured Shales
- Fractured or Faulted Formations
- Unconsolidated Formations
- Cement or Junk in the Hole
• Key Seating
Drilled Cuttings
If cuttings are not removed from the borehole, they accumulate in the well,
eventually causing the hole to pack off, often around the Bottom-Hole Assembly
(BHA) and sticking the drillstring.
How to Prevent from stuck ?
• Using aggressive drill string rotation for
improved hole cleaning.
• Making a wiper trip after all long motor
runs.
• Using drillstring motion (rotate and
reciprocate), while circulating at the
maximum rate to disturb cuttings beds and
reincorporate them into the flow stream.
Borehole Instability
Depending on mud composition and mud weight, shale can slough in or plastically flow
inward, which causes mechanical pipe sticking.
Reactive shales
Pressured shales
Fractured and faulted formations
Unconsolidated formations
Cement or Junk in the hole
Borehole Instability
How to prevent from stuck?
• Limit the casing rathole to minimize the source of cement
blocks.
• Allow sufficient cement setting time before drilling out.
• Control drilling when cleaning out soft cement.
• Keep the hole covered when the drillstring is out of the
hole.
• Maintain rig floor equipment in good operating condition.
Key Seating
Key seating is a major cause of mechanical
pipe sticking. The mechanics of key seating
involve wearing a small hole (groove) into
the side of a full-gauge hole.
Cause of Key Seating
• This groove is caused by the drillstring
rotation with side force acting on it.
• Long bit runs
How to prevent from stuck ?
If the pipe is stuck in a key-seat area, the
most likely successful solution is backing off
below the key seat and going back into the
hole with an opener to drill out the key
section. This will lead to a fishing operation
to retrieve the fish.
DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE PIPE STUCK

Differential pressure pipe sticking happens when a portion


of the drill string becomes embedded into a mud cake
which create a permeable zone during the drilling (Azar,
JJ., Drilling Engineering, p. 356. )
Causes of Differential Pressure
Pipe Stuck
• Thick mud cake
• Excessive pipe length in mud cake
• High differential pressure
• Low –Lubricity mud cake
Thick Mud Cake
If the selected mud is non-smooth and thick because of unpredictable
reasons ,then the area between pipe surface in contact with the filter
cake will increase. This will result in a higher force.
Excessive Pipe Length in Mudcake

Unnecesarily excessive pipe length in mud cake is


a cause of pipe sticking .This may be resulted by
narrowing the area and finally a higher force
exerted on the mud cake surface.
High Differential Pressure

The exerted pressure by the mud column is


getting higher than the formation pressure in
this case. The indication of this differential
can be clearly seen on the torque indication.
The indicator show an up and a down
movement when the pipes are tried to pull
up.
Low Lubricity Mud Cake

The poor in quality muds the high tendency


to pipe stuck.
How to Prevent from stuck ?
• Lowest fluid loss
• Lowest drilled solid’s level
• Smooth mud cake
• Maintaining the rotation
Methods to Overcome Sticking
• Mechanical method
-Release of pipe
• Chemical method
-Lower fluid density
-Surfactant and lubricant addition
-Spotting a freshwater pill
• Hydrostatic method
-Nitrogen injection
PIPE STICKING PRESENTED BY

• Izzettin PALA
• Levent Onay
• Ahmet BAKIR
• Mustafa Ali KIZTANIR

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