Scribd
Upload
121 views

HIGHWAY ENGINEERING - Branch of Civil

Highway engineering deals with the planning, design, construction and maintenance of roads. Key considerations for highway location include the purpose of the road, traffic volume and funding. The process involves reconnaissance, route selection, preliminary and location surveys, and office projection. Field data collection includes centerline, cross-sections, drainage, soils, bridges and right-of-way. Geometric design considers grade, alignment and width while structural design considers pavement thickness and foundations. Traffic, design speed, soils and wheel loads inform the design. The design must be suitable, consistent, safe and cost-effective for construction and maintenance.

Uploaded by

Jessie Reyes
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
121 views

HIGHWAY ENGINEERING - Branch of Civil

Highway engineering deals with the planning, design, construction and maintenance of roads. Key considerations for highway location include the purpose of the road, traffic volume and funding. The process involves reconnaissance, route selection, preliminary and location surveys, and office projection. Field data collection includes centerline, cross-sections, drainage, soils, bridges and right-of-way. Geometric design considers grade, alignment and width while structural design considers pavement thickness and foundations. Traffic, design speed, soils and wheel loads inform the design. The design must be suitable, consistent, safe and cost-effective for construction and maintenance.

Uploaded by

Jessie Reyes
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 12

HIGHWAY

ENGINEERING
HIGHWAY ENGINEERING – branch of civil
engineering which deals in the location, design,
construction, maintenance, economics, financing,
planning and programming of roads.
Highway Engineering
 Major considerations that are taken into account
in the location of any highway project between
two terminals are:
1. the character and purpose of the road
2. the nature and volume of present and
anticipated traffic
3. the amount of funds available for its
construction
Five distinct stages that a modern
highway location practice embraces:
 RECONNAISANCE – the purpose of which is to eliminate costly locations and
limit the choice to one or two general routes between controls. This could be aided
effectively by studying available maps, examination of the ground as seen from
airplane, stereoscopic examination of aerial photographs, and ocular examination of
the site on foot.
 ROUTE SELECTION – the purpose of which is to flag the best location within
the general route which will more or less permit the predetermined grade controls.
Flagging is the procedure where the selected route is marked by blazing trees or
tying strips of cloth or flags to branches or to poles set on the ground. The resulting
route is called flag line.
 PRELIMINARY SURVEY – the purpose of preliminary survey is to get the
topography of the strip or strips flagged, which data will be utilized as the basic
framework for projection of the line in the office.
 OFFICE PROJECTION – the purpose of office projection is to fit as close as
possible, the best line into the terrain within the desired standards.
 LOCATION SURVEY – the purpose of the final location survey is to transfer the
paper projection determined in the office, from the topographic strip map to the
actual site in the field.
FIELD INFORMATION
 During the stage of the location survey, it is intended to
secure all field information necessary for the
preparation of plans and specifications and estimate so
that after the location survey the following data should
be available for final design.
 location centerline, location levels and cross-sections
 the drainage survey
 soils and materials survey
 bridge site survey
 right-of-way and improvement survey
HIGHWAY GEOMETRIC
DESIGN
 Two aspects of highway design:
1.Geometric Design – embraces the gradeline or
profile, the alignment, including curvature, and
the width of the several component parts,
including intersections
2.Structural Design – embraces the thickness of
pavements, base and stability of foundations.
Data required for an intelligent
geometric design
 traffic density
 character of traffic
 design speed
Data required for an intelligent
structural design
 Maximum expected wheel load to use the
highway and volume of traffic
 Soil classification
 Minimum field compaction
 Modulus of subgrade reaction
Basic considerations in preparing the
design of a highway
 The design must be suitable for the traffic volume, both
daily and at the design peak hour, for the design speed,
and for the character of the vehicles to use the facility.
 The design must be consistent and must avoid surprise
changes in alignment, grade and sight distance
 The design must be pleasing to the user of the highway
and to those who live along it.
 The design must be complete. Although the test of the
function and the attractiveness of the design will be
reflected in the use of the highway, the designer can
ensure the effectiveness of his design, to a large degree,
by allowing for necessary roadside treatment and
providing for control devices, such as lane markers and
special signs.
Basic considerations in preparing
the design of a highway
 The design should be as simple as possible from the
stand point of the builder. Excessive changes in cross
sectional design or the use of a variety of types within
a project, will in many cases, increase the cost and
difficulty of construction beyond the commensurate
value of such uniqueness.
 The design should be such that the finished road can
be maintained at the least cost and with the least
trouble practicable.
 The design must be safe for driving and should
ensure confidence for the majority of the drivers.
 You are making a survey for a relocation of a
highway. Outline briefly the data that you would
secure in the field for the design and preparation
of the plans and specifications.
Data would include:

 A study of the inadequacies of the present route


including point of excessive grade or curvature with a
view to relocating only portions of the existing route.
 A traffic survey to determine volume and type of traffic
to aid in selecting type of new facility.
 A series of topographic strip maps covering the
possible alternate routes.
 A series of strip maps evaluating soil condition on the
alternate routes.
 A study of the natural drainage
 A real-state map to predict possible cost of right-of
way acquisition.
 A study of the location of possible borrow pits or
waste area.
 A study of the location of water supplies where
concrete is to be used as as paving material.
 An evaluation of the area as to possible future
development of industrial areas.
 For some types of facilities it would also be necessary
to study scenic attraction as the location of some
routes would be affected by this.

You might also like