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All About Spectros

This document discusses how spectroscopy is used to determine the chemical composition of stars and other astronomical objects. Spectroscopy works by analyzing the absorption and emission spectra of light from an object. Different elements emit or absorb light at specific wavelengths, allowing astronomers to identify the presence of elements like hydrogen or iron in a star's atmosphere by the dark absorption bands they cause in the star's spectrum. Spectroscopy can also reveal properties of stars like temperature, magnetic fields, mass, and if they are orbiting another star. It has been pivotal in the discovery of extrasolar planets and gives insight into the composition and nature of astronomical objects and the universe.

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48 views

All About Spectros

This document discusses how spectroscopy is used to determine the chemical composition of stars and other astronomical objects. Spectroscopy works by analyzing the absorption and emission spectra of light from an object. Different elements emit or absorb light at specific wavelengths, allowing astronomers to identify the presence of elements like hydrogen or iron in a star's atmosphere by the dark absorption bands they cause in the star's spectrum. Spectroscopy can also reveal properties of stars like temperature, magnetic fields, mass, and if they are orbiting another star. It has been pivotal in the discovery of extrasolar planets and gives insight into the composition and nature of astronomical objects and the universe.

Uploaded by

Prisca
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SPECTROSCOPY DEPTH STUDY

HOW DO WE KNOW WHAT STARS ARE MADE OF?


Prisca Lam
HOW AND UNDER WHAT CIRCUMSTANCES ATOMS
OF ELEMENTS EMIT LIGHT

- Going to the excited state –


absorb energy

- Returning to ground state


because it is unstable – emit
photon of light
HOW EMISSION AND ABSORPTION SPECTRA ARE
GENERATED
Example absorption
and emission spectrum

- They are opposite


each other
SPECTRUM TAKEN OF THE SUN – dark bands from USE OF
absorption specific chemical elements e.g.. Hydrogen or iron SPECTROSCOPY IN
ASTRONOMY
- Chemical composition of all
astronomical objects
- For example the sun – more
than 60 different elements
USE OF SPECTROSCOPY IN ASTRONOMY – DOPPLER EFFECT
DISCOVERY OF EXTRASOLAR - Blue shift: wavelengths decreasing and
frequency increasing: object getting closer
PLANETS THROUGH DOPPLER
- Red shift – wavelength increasing and
EFFECT frequency decreasing: object further away
USE OF SPECTROSCOPY IN ASTRONOMY

• Relative amounts and density of


each element in the object
• Whether it has a magnetic field
• Mass and size of star
• Orbiting another star?

Temperature of the star (K)


FUNCTION OF THE SPECTROSCOPE

- Separate
colours of light

- Determine
chemical
composition
FUNCTION OF THE SPECTROSCOPE
- Three main parts – slit, diffraction grating, viewing point
- Diffraction grating acts like a prison – separates and bends the light

Diffraction grating diagram


above
Composition and blueprints of different astronomical IMPORTANCE OF
objects – GIVES MANY PROPERTIES EG. THE
EXISTENCE OF THE INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM CHEMISTRY TO
ASTRONOMY
Many fundamental properties of
astronomical objects and universe
Spectral lines to determine
composition
SPECTROSCOPY IN ANOTHER FIELD – FORENSIC
ANALYSIS
Infrared rays longer wavelengths
FORENSIC ANALYSIS
• Identify organic substances
BIBLIOGRAPHY
• Atomic Spectrum: Definition, Absorption & Emission - Video &
Lesson Transcript | Study.com n.d., viewed 12 March 2019, <
https://study.com/academy/lesson/atomic-spectrum-
definition-absorption-emission.html >
• Angelo, JA 2006, 'Optical Astronomy', Spacecraft for
Astronomy, viewed 12 March 2019, (online Infobase), <
http://online.infobase.com/Auth/Index?aid=256484&itemid=W
E40&articleId=374293 >
• Plait, P 2015, Light: Crash Course Astronomy #24, online
video, viewed 12 March 2019, <
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jjy-eqWM38g&t=471s >

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