National Service Training Program

RA 9163

A.Roa
August 2018, updated January 2019
Objective: DISCUSS C. H. E. E. S. E.
C – The Constitution, Christian and Values Education, Crime
Prevention and Calamity and Disaster Preparedness
H – Health Education: First Aid, AIDS, Drug Education, RA 9165
E – Education
E – Entrepreneurship, Leadership-Functions, Types and Challenges,
S – Social Concerns, Social Mobilization – Approach in
Implementation of Civic Welfare and Training Service, Recreational
Activities
E – Environment: Ecological Environment Management
1. Implementing Rules and Regulations
of the NST Program: The 7 Rules
Pursuant to Section 12 of Republic Act No. 9163 or the National Service
Training Program Act of 2001, the following jointly issue, adopt, and
promulgate the implementing rules and regulations of the provisions of this
Act:
– Commission on Higher Education (CHED)
– Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA)
– Department of National Defense (DND)
– Philippine Association of State Universities and Colleges (PASUC)
– Council of Private Educational Association of the Philippines
(COCOPEA)
– Various Non – government Organizations
 RULE I: Guiding Principles
What is the prime duty of the Government to its Citizens?

Section 1: Guiding Principle

While it is the prime duty of the government to serve and
protect its citizens, in turn it shall be the responsibility of all citizens
to defend the security of the state, and in fulfillment thereof, the
government may require each citizen to render personal, military or
civil service.
 RULE I: Guiding Principles
How does the government recognize the role of the Youth in Nation
Building?

Section 2: Role of the Youth

In recognition of the vital role of the youth in nation-building, the
state shall promote civic consciousness among them and shall develop their
physical, moral, spiritual, intellectual and social well – being. It shall inculcate
the ideals of patriotism, nationalism, and advance their involvement in public
and civic affairs.
As the most valuable resource of the nation, the youth shall be
motivated, trained, organized and involved in the military, literacy, civic
welfare programs and other similar endeavors in the service of the nation.
 Rule II: DEFINITION OF TERMS
Section 3: As used in this Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR), the following
terms shall mean:
a. National Service Training Program (NSTP) – refers to the program aimed at
enhancing civic consciousness and defense preparedness in the youth by
developing the ethics of the three (3) program components, specifically
designed to enhance the youth’s active contribution to the general welfare.
b. Reserve Officers’ Training Corps (ROTC) – refers to the program component,
institutionalized under Section 38 and 39 of Republic Act No. 7077, designed to
provide military training to tertiary level students in order to motivate, train,
organize and mobilize them for national defense preparedness.
c. Literacy Training Service (LTS) – refers to the program component designed to
train students to teach literacy and numeracy skills to school children, out of
school youth and other segments of society which are considerable in need of
their services
 Rule II: DEFINITION OF TERMS
d. Civic Welfare Training Services (CWTS) – refers to the program component of
activities contributory to the general welfare and betterment of life for the
members of the community or the enhancement of their facilities, especially those
devoted to improving health, education, environment, entrepreneurship, safety,
recreation and moral values of the citizenry and other social welfare services.
e. Program Component – refers to the service components of the NSTP as defined
herein
f. Clustering – refers to the grouping of students enrolled in different schools taking
up the same NSTP component into one (1) group under the management and
supervision of the designated school
g. Cross enrollment – refers to the system of enrollment where a student is officially
enrolled in an academic program of a school but allowed to enroll in the NSTP
component of another school and
h. Non - Government Organization (NGO) – refers to any private organization duly
accredited by CHED or recognized by TESDA
RULE III: Program implementation
Who are Required to Complete one (1) NSTP Component of their Choice as
a Graduation Requirement?

Section 4. Coverage
a. All incoming freshmen students, male and female, starting School Year
2002 – 2003, enrolled in any baccalaureate and in at least 2 year
technical-vocational or associate courses are required to complete one
NSTP component of their choice as a graduation requirement.
b. All higher and technical vocational educational institutions must offer
at least one of the NSTP components
c. State Universities and Colleges (SUCs), shall offer the ROTC component
and at least one other NSTP component
RULE III: Program implementation
d. The Philippine Military Academy (PMA), Philippine Merchant Marine
Academy (PMMA), Philippine National Police Academy (PNPA), and other
SUCs of similar nature, in view of the special character of this constitution
are exempted from the NSTP.
e. Private higher and technical-vocational education institutions with at
least 350 student cadets may offer the ROTC component and consequently
establish/maintain a Department of Military Science and Tactics (DMST),
subject to the existing rules and regulations of the Armed Forces of the
Philippines (AFP).

What are the components of the NSTP?

a. Reserve Officers Training Corp (ROTC) – refers to the program
component, institutionalized under Sections 38 and 39 of Republic Act No.
7077, designed to provide military training to tertiary level students in
order to motivate, train, organize and mobilize them for national defense
preparedness;
b. Civic Welfare Training Service (CWTS) – refers to program component or
activities contributory to the general welfare and the betterment of life for
the members of the community or the enhancement of its facilities,
especially those devoted to improving health education, environment,
entrepreneurship, safety, recreation and moral of the citizenry and other
social welfare services;
c. Literacy Training Service (LTS) – refers to the program component
designed to train the students to teach literacy and numeracy skills to
school children, out-of-school youths and other segments of society in
need of their services.

What is the duration of the NSTP Components and Equivalent Course per
Semester?
Section 6. Duration and Equivalent Course Unit
a. Each of the aforementioned NSTP components shall be undertaken for
an academic period
Of two semesters. It shall be credited three units per semester, for a
duration of 54 hours to 90 training hours per semester
b. A one summer program in lieu of the two semester program may be
designed, formulated and adopted by the DND, CHED and TESDA.
However, it will be subjected to the capability of the school and the AFP to
handle the same.

Rules IV-VII – see reference

 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Constitution
What is CONSTITUTION?
Constitution refers to “that body of rules and maxims
in accordance with which the powers of sovereignty
are habitually exercised.”
MW – an established law or custom, ordinance; the act of
establishing, making, or setting up before the constitution of
civil laws; the mode in which a state or society is organized;
especially the manner in which sovereign power is distributed.
Sovereign – one possessing or held to possess supreme political
power; enjoying autonomy
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Constitution
What is the PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION?

The Constitution of the Philippines may be defined as

that written instrument by which the fundamental
powers of the government are established, limited, and
defined and by which these powers are distributed
among the several departments or branches for their safe
and useful exercise for the benefit of the people.
“Saligang Batas”
Sumpreme law of the land
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Constitution
Current Philippine Constitution – ratified in 1987 (through a
plebiscite)
Other:
1935 Constitution
1973 Constitution
1986 Freedom Constitution – prelude to the 1987 Constitution
1899 – Malolos Constitution, the earliest that was never fully
implemented in the republic, during American invasion
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Constitution
Who are the CITIZENS of the Philippines:
Section 1 of the Philippine Constitution provides that the
following are citizens of the Philippines:
1. Those who are citizens of the Philippines at the time of the
adoption of this Constitution (1987 Constitution)
2. Those whose fathers or mothers are citizens of the
Philippines
3. Those born before January 17, 1973, of Filipino mothers,
who elect Philippine Citizenship upon reaching the age of
majority; and
4. Those naturalized in accordance with law.
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Constitution
What are the duties and obligations of Citizens?

We have to realize that for every right we are enjoying as

enumerated in the Bill of Rights of the Philippine Constitution,
there is corresponding obligation. There will be no chaos in
our society if only everybody will perform his or her duties
and obligations.
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Constitution
Bill of Rights (excerpts)
Principles

SEC. 1.
No person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process
of law, nor shall any person be denied the equal protection of the laws.

SEC. 2.
The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and
effects against unreasonable searches and seizures of whatever nature and
for any purpose shall be inviolable, and no search warrant or warrant of
arrest shall issue except upon probable cause to be determined personally
by the judge after examination under oath or affirmation of the complainant
and the witnesses he may produce, and particularly describing the place to
be searched and the persons or things to be seized.
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Constitution
SEC. 3.
(1) The privacy of communication and correspondence shall be
inviolable except upon lawful order of the court, or when public
safety or order requires otherwise as prescribed by law.
(2) Any evidence obtained in violation of this or the preceding
section shall be inadmissible for any purpose in any proceeding.

SEC. 4.
No law shall be passed abridging the freedom of speech, of
expression, or of the press, or the right of the people peaceably to
assemble and petition the Government for redress of grievances.
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Constitution
SEC. 5.
No law shall be made respecting an establishment of religion, or
prohibiting the free exercise thereof. The free exercise and enjoyment
of religious profession and worship, without discrimination or
preference, shall forever be allowed. No religious test shall be
required for the exercise of civil or political rights.

SEC. 6.
The liberty of abode and of changing the same within the limits
prescribed by law shall not be impaired except upon lawful order of
the court. Neither shall the right to travel be impaired except in the
interest of national security, public safety, or public health, as may be
provided by law.
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Constitution
SEC. 7.
The right of the people to information on matters of public concern shall be
recognized. Access to official records, and to documents, and papers
pertaining to official acts, transactions, or decisions, as well as to
government research data used as basis for policy development, shall be
afforded the citizen, subject to such limitations as may be provided by law.

SEC. 8.
The right of the people, including those employed in the public and private
sectors, to form unions, associations, or societies for purposes not contrary
to law shall not be abridged.

SEC. 9.
Private property shall not be taken for public use without just compensation.
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Constitution
What are the duties and obligations of Citizens?
Hereunder are the important duties and obligations of every citizen in a
democratic society:
1. To be loyal to the Republic
2. To defend the State
3. To contribute to the development and welfare of the State
4. To uphold the Constitution and obey the laws
5. To cooperate with duly constituted authorities
6. To exercise rights responsibly and with due regard for the rights of
others
7. To engage in gainful work
8. To register and vote
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Constitution
How can we become Good Citizens?
We can become good citizens by living in accordance with good citizenship
values which we can derive from the preamble of the Constitution:

Preamble of the 1987 Philippine Constitution

Preamble Definition:
Introduction, a preliminary or preparatory statement
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Constitution
We, the sovereign Filipino people, imploring the aid
of Almighty God, in order to build a just and humane
society and establish a Government that shall
embody our ideals and aspirations, promote the
common good, conserve and develop our patrimony,
and secure to ourselves and our posterity the
blessings of independence and democracy, under the
rule of Law and a regime of truth, justice, freedom,
love, equality, and peace, do ordain and promulgate
this Constitution.
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Constitution
The Good Citizenship Values of the Filipino People
The Filipino people possess certain values, shared perceptions on what we
hold dear, what we regard as important to us. These 16 values are
enshrined in the Preamble:
Unity Work Faith in Almighty God
Truth Freedom Promotion of the common
good
Justice Love Respect for law and
government
Patriotism Order Concern for the environment
Peace Equality Respect for life
Concern for the family and future generations
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Constitution
The Good Citizenship Values and what they mean:
1.Value of Faith in the Almighty – We want to have God present on our
lives, have a relationship of trust in Him and ask for His help beyond what
we ourselves can do
Mark 11:22-23
22 “Have faith in God,” Jesus answered. 23 “Truly[a] I tell you, if anyone says

to this mountain, ‘Go, throw yourself into the sea,’ and does not doubt in
their heart but believes that what they say will happen, it will be done for
them. 24 Therefore I tell you, whatever you ask for in prayer, believe that
you have received it, and it will be yours.
James 2:26 - As the body without the spirit is dead, so faith without deeds
is dead.
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Constitution
The Good Citizenship Values:
2. Value of Respect for Life – we want all human life preserved, nurtured and
safeguarded

Genesis 1:27
God made man in His image; in the divine image He created him, male and female
He created them.

Corinthians 6:19-20
19 Do you not know that your bodies are temples of the Holy Spirit, who is in you,

whom you have received from God? You are not your own; 20 you were bought at a
price. Therefore honor God with your bodies
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Constitution
The Good Citizenship Values:
3. Value of Order – we want organization, system and predictability in all
aspects of our daily lives and our life as a nation

1 Corinthians 14:33
God is not the God of disorder but of peace.

Luke 19:45-46
45 When Jesus entered the temple courts, he began to drive out those who

were selling. 46 “It is written,” he said to them, “‘My house will be a house
of prayer’[a];but you have made it a den of robbers.
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Constitution
The Good Citizenship Values:
4. Value of Work – we want to have a job to support our basic needs and our
family’s
Exodus 20:9-10
9 Six days you shall labor and do all your work, 10 but the seventh day is a

sabbath to the Lord your God. On it you shall not do any work, neither you, nor
your son or daughter, nor your male or female servant, nor your animals, nor any
foreigner residing in your towns.

2 Thessalonians 3:10 - If a man will not work, he shall not eat

Confucius
Give a fish to a man and he will have food to eat for a day; teach him how to fish
and he shall have food to eat throughout his lifetime.
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Constitution
The Good Citizenship Values:
5. Value of Concern for the Family and Future Generation – we want what
is best for our family, and for every single member in the present and
future generations

Matthew 19:4-7
4 “Haven’t you read,” he replied, “that at the beginning the Creator ‘made

them male and female,’[a] 5 and said, ‘For this reason a man will leave his
father and mother and be united to his wife, and the two will become one
flesh’[b]? 6 So they are no longer two, but one flesh. Therefore what God
has joined together, let no one separate.”
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Constitution
The Good Citizenship Values:
6. Value of Freedom – we want each one of us be able to exercise our
freedom of will

Galatians 5:13
For you were called for freedom, brothers, but do not use this freedom as
an opportunity for the flesh; rather, serve one another through love

7. Value of Love – we want each one of us desire to love and be loved;

love begets love and if love reigns in our hearts, the harmonious
relationship of all the people will prevail.
Romans 13: Love is the fulfillment of the law.
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Constitution
The Good Citizenship Values:
8. Value of Peace – we want to live in a serene and secure community with
harmonious relationship with our neighbors; a place of tranquil expects
harmony with others, and the environment

Matthew 5:19
Blessed are the peacemakers, for they will be called children of God.

UNESCO Constitution
Since wars begin in the minds of men, it is on the minds of men that the
defenses of peace must be constructed.
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Constitution
The Good Citizenship Values:
9. Value of Truth – We want that we ourselves and others be true; that
truth reign in our land.
John 8:31-32
31 To the Jews who had believed him, Jesus said, “If you hold to my

teaching, you are really my disciples. 32 Then you will know the truth, and
the truth will set you free.”
10. Value of Justice – we want that everyone be given what is due him as a
human being and that what governs all relationships is morally and legally
right
Matthew 7:12 - Treat others the way you would have them treat you
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Constitution
The Good Citizenship Values:

11. Value of Unity – we want to be one as a people, we cherish oneness as

co-citizens of our country, as members of our family, as co-workers in an
institution
Psalm 133:1
Behold how good and pleasant it is for brethren to dwell together in unity.

Mark 24-25
24 If a kingdom is divided against itself, that kingdom cannot stand. 25 If a

house is divided against itself, that house cannot stand.

 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Constitution
The Good Citizenship Values:
12. Value of Equality – we want that each one has the opportunity to be
fully human, that no one be the victim of prejudices or biases of any kind,
and that the interests of one not be sacrificed against his will for the good
of another
Proverbs 22:22-23
22 Do not exploit the poor because they are poor and do not crush the

needy in court,
23 for the Lord will take up their case and will exact life for life.
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Constitution
The Good Citizenship Values:
13. Value of Respect for Law and Government – we want that the rule of
law be upheld by all and at all times, that Government be accorded
respect and all laws be complied with
Romans 13:1-3,5
Let every person be subordinate to the higher authorities, for there is no
authority except from God, and those that exist have been established by
God. Therefore, whoever resists authority opposes what God has
appointed, and those that oppose it will bring judgment upon themselves.
Therefore, it is necessary to submit to the authorities, not only because of
possible punishment but also as a matter of conscience
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Constitution
The Good Citizenship Values:
14. Value of Patriotism – we want the best for our country, we want our
country to be respected and honored by its citizenry and by the whole
world.
Mahatma Gandhi:
The willing sacrifice of the innocent is the most powerful answer to
insolent tyranny that has yet been cancelled by God and man

Adlai Stevenson:
Patriotism is not a short outburst of emotions but a lifetime of dedication.
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Constitution
The Good Citizenship Values:
15. Value of Promotion of the common good – we want all Filipinos to
meet their basic minimum needs and to have opportunities to develop and
use our God-given potentials.
Acts 2:44-45:
All who believed were together and had all things in common; they would
sell their property and possessions and divide them among all according to
each one’s need.

St. Augustine: Common good is a substantial and extremely fertile estate,

no crowding or diminishment as it is shared with others.
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Constitution
The Good Citizenship Values:
16. Value of Concern for the environment – we want the environment to
be preserved and nurtured, and for ourselves and others to be good
stewards of the environment.
Genesis 1:26
Let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, the birds of the air, and
the cattle, and over all the wild animals and all the creatures that crawl on
the ground.

Tom McMillan: For 200 years we’ve been conquering Nature. Now we’re
beating it to death.
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Constitution
For an adult, his basic values can be seen in outward manifestations and
decision-making.

Every Filipino child needs to be helped to form his own values consistent
with basic Filipino values to grow up to be:

MAKA DIYOS
MAKA TAO
MAKA BAYAN
MAKA KALIKASAN
Review Questions: C - Constitution
1. What is the prime duty of the government?
2. What is our (the citizens’) prime responsibility to the state.
3. Give 3 duties and obligations of the citizens (out of 8).
4. What does “PREAMBLE” mean?
5. Give 5 Good Citizenship Values derived from the Preamble
6. Define Constitution.
7. What is the current Philippine Constitution?
8. Give 3 rights that a Filipino has based on the Bill of Rights.
9. Bonus question – write the Preamble
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: CHRISTIAN AND VALUES EDUCATION
A. On Being MAKA DIYOS and the Value of Faith in the Almighty –
We want to have God present on our lives, have a relationship of
trust in Him and ask for His help beyond what we ourselves can do.
- We want Christian, religious and Godly values to rule over our
lives, first and foremost.
- These are instilled in us from the time we were young, through
our influences: family, church, school, peers, others.
- The goal is to have these values and practice them perpetually in
all situations
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: CHRISTIAN AND VALUES EDUCATION
B. The Biblical Basis:
Matthew 22:37-40: The Greatest Commandment
Jesus Replied: “Love the Lord your God with all your heart and
with all your soul and with all your mind,” This is the first and
greatest commandment.
And the second is like it: ‘Love your neighbor as yourself.’ All
the Law and the Prophets hang on these two
commandments.”
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: CHRISTIAN AND VALUES EDUCATION

C. Why base it on the Bible?

We respect it as the Holy Book written by God, through
prophets, writers and others who were inspired by the Holy
Spirit. Public officials take their oath by swearing on a Bible.
Objectively – the events recorded in the Bible are claimed by
experts to be accurate. Without the Bible, the Western and
significant parts of the Eastern world would be totally different
if the accounts had never occurred.
It has been printed in just about every known language and
dialect, even Braille.
It is consistently a world’s bestseller year after year.
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: CHRISTIAN AND VALUES EDUCATION
Why base it on the Bible?
It has an iconic status.
It is the first major book ever to be printed using mass-
produced moveable metal type in Europe by Johannes
Gutenberg in Germany in the 1450s; considered to be one of
the most valuable books in the world.
It contains history, adventure, biography, parables, poems,
songs, lamentations, war story, mystery and all other universal
genre – it is applicable to all and at all times.
It is so powerful that it transforms whoever reads and
appreciates it – the more you read, the more it becomes alive.
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: CHRISTIAN AND VALUES EDUCATION
D. Values Formation Through Community Service
Starts on the premise that all Filipino parents hope to pass on
to their children the values and words of wisdom that have
been passed to them as they will have a lot to do with their
own values formation.
The challenge is no matter how much parents try to inculcate
these positive values, there are other influences surrounding
children that may not necessarily be aligned with the goals of
the parents.
The environment has a lot to do with the values
transformation of our youth.
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: CHRISTIAN AND VALUES EDUCATION
E. Definition of VALUES
- The worth or importance we attach to factors in our lives
- Any object, activity or frame of mind that a person
considers to be very important to his life
- Comes from the Latin word “valere” which means to
measure the worth of something
- Ideas and norms man considers relevant and good
- Axiology: the philosophical study of goodness or value,
from Greek “axios” or worthy and “logos” or science
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: CHRISTIAN AND VALUES EDUCATION
F. VALUES SYSTEM
- All of our values taken together
- Exists not only on an individual level, may also be on a
group or organization-wide level

G. CORPORATE CULTURE
- Is a system of values shared throughout any given place or
organization, a much bigger scope
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: CHRISTIAN AND VALUES EDUCATION
H. Values and Human Behavior
Values are especially important to understanding human behavior.
Conflicts between people are often based on differences in values.
When at odds with another person, look at how your values differ.
What one deems “of value” to one may not necessarily be the same
as another’s.
When in conflict with some members of a group, we can examine
their value system against our own.
The supreme and overarching value that characterizes education is
Human Dignity.
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: CHRISTIAN AND VALUES EDUCATION
I. The Meaning of Man as A Person
• To speak of man as a “being-with-others” is to speak of man
as a person.
• Man as a person means that man is: unique, a who, a subject,
and a self
• Man is never alone in his existence and has that indelible
trademark of his “being-with” existence in the world.
• Man is called to treat his fellowman as a person
• Man alone has the capacity to co-exist with fellow human
persons (as opposed to inanimate objects)
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: CHRISTIAN AND VALUES EDUCATION
J. The Self
• Everybody has an obligation to himself, but there are times
when we fail to understand or neglect these obligations
because we do not exactly know what “self” is.
• A way to understand this “self” is to conceive it as a personal
role that one plays in this so-called life.
• Each one has a unique role to play in life and this is mainly
because of individual differences.
• These individual differences that propel us to play our unique
roles also come with responsibilities and moral obligations to
this life, to the point that it is lived to the fullest.
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: CHrISTIAn AND VALUES EDUCATION
J. The Self and Moral Values
• We derive our moral values from various influences:
– Family
– Religious beliefs
– School
– Environment
– Community
– Other external influences
* The closer and more exposed one is to the above, the
stronger the influence.
 CORE AND RELATED VALUES
1. Physical Health, physical fitness, cleanliness, harmony with
material universe, art and beauty
2. Intellectual Truth, knowledge, creative and critical thinking
3. Moral Love, integrity, honesty, self-worth, self-esteem, personal
discipline
4. Spiritual Spirituality, Faith in God
5. Social / Family / Social responsibility, mutual love, respect, fidelity,
Society responsible parenthood, concern for others and the
common good, freedom, equality, social justice, respect
for human rights, peace / active non-violence, popular
participation
6. Economic Economic efficiency, resource conservation, work ethics,
self-reliance, productivity, scientific and technological
knowledge, vocational efficiency, entrepreneurship
7. Political Nationalism, common identity, national unity, esteem,
commitment, civic consciousness, pride, bayanihan,
solidarity, loyalty to the country
 Review questions:
1. Enumerate the Core Values of TUA
2. What does it mean to be MAKA DIYOS or to possess the Value of
Faith in the Almighty?
3. According to the Bible, in Matthew 22, what is the Greatest
Commandment? (2 points)
4. What makes the Bible iconic? Give 3 reasons.
5. What can influence children outside the family?
6. What does VALUE mean? 3 points
7. What is Values System?
8. What is Corporate Culture?
9. Conflicts are usually a result of what?
10.Cite 4 related values of Social / Family / Societal Core values
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Crime prevention
A. What is Crime?

A crime is the commission or omission by a person having

capacity, of any act, which is either prohibited or compelled
by law and the commission or omission of which is
punishable by a proceeding brought in the name of the
government whose law has been violated.

Wharton’s Criminal Law, 1957, Vol. 1 page 11

 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Crime prevention
A. What is Crime?

MW:
• An illegal act for which someone can be punished by the
government; a gross violation of law
• A grave offense especially against morality
• Something reprehensible, foolish or disgraceful
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Crime prevention
B. What is Crime Prevention?

• an act done in order for a crime not to occur

• an attempt to reduce or deter a crime or a criminal
• Efforts made by the government to reduce crime, enforce
the law and maintain criminal justice
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Crime prevention
B. How can we minimize crime?
• A conscious collective effort to maintain peace and order in
the neighborhood is more effective than self or family-
initiated approach.
• Good leadership and the active participation of community
members is vital
• Regular crime prevention meetings should be held to
discuss the most common modus operandi of criminals and
the countermeasures against them
• Resident volunteers in groups of 2 or 3 can walk in
designated areas at specific hours
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Crime prevention
B. How can we minimize crime?
• Call 117 or the police hotline
• A witness to an ongoing crime should alert neighbors or
authorities
• Only the leader of the volunteer “ronda” should know the
schedule of the neighborhood walk
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Crime prevention
C. Keeping your family safe
• Make sure you and your family members know the whereabouts
of all members all day. If possible, have the scheduled displayed
visibly in the house.
• Instruct all members and the household help not to entertain
strangers, especially if there are children. Transactions should be
held outside the house or the gate to prevent others from
observing your premises.
• Teach your family and household help to verify the identity of
callers or people who knock on the door before identifying
themselves
• There should be a designated family member to be contacted in
case of emergency (ICE). Always have a list of important contact
numbers.
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Crime prevention
C. Keeping your family safe
• Never give out information on the whereabouts of family
members to anyone. Friends or relatives should be politely
asked to call or come back again to talk to the person they are
looking for. Call for police assistance if you repeatedly receive
suspicious or anonymous calls.
• Beware of “budol-budol” gang or those who pretend to report an
accident of a family member and asks for cash or valuables to be
brought to a certain place. Verify with other family members.
• Household help applicants should present an ID and barangay or
police clearance. Sometimes, it is better if they were
recommended.
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Crime prevention
D. Keeping your children safe
• Never leave your children unattended. Advice them not to play
or loiter far from your house or in areas that may be vulnerable
from abduction. Older children should always inform their family
where they are going and what time they should be back.
• Carefully back check references of anyone you intend to employ
as babysitters, domestic helper, gardener, driver or security
guard.
• Hire a security guard for the subdivision / street
• Teach children not to talk to strangers and not to give out
information about details of the family.
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Crime prevention
D. Keeping your children safe
• Insist that strict guidelines be followed as to the persons
authorized to pick up children from school and they should
not be allowed to leave the premises without the
authorized fetcher.
• Instruct children report to the principal to call 117 in case of
anything suspicious.
• Keep the door open to the children’s room in case of
emergency
• Keep the house well lit, especially if it is necessary to leave
the children home.
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Crime prevention
E. Pointers for children
• Do not accept invitations or gifts from strangers or mere
acquaintances
• Go straight home after classes, do not linger on school
grounds unless required
• Report suspicious characters around the house or school to
someone in authority
• Make sure that children are always accompanied by an
adult
• Inform your family of your whereabouts at all times.
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Crime prevention
E. Pointers for children
• Be wary of drug pushers, report immediately to authorities
or call 117
• Always attend parties in groups
• Avoid drinking sprees and pot sessions
• Avoid vices that attract bad elements: smoking, drinking
and gambling
• Always keep your belongings safe
• Avoid loitering in dark areas. Criminals lurk in such places
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Crime prevention
F. Cellphone Tips
• Set a passcode or password on your cellphones
• Store important phone numbers in the speed dial
• Download apps that can help protect data in your phones
• Take note of your phone’s IMEI and report it to your telco
company to have the phone blocked in case it is stolen
• Do not store passwords in your phones to prevent for identity
theft
• Always be aware of your surroundings
• When taking the public transport, write down or text the plate
number, make and model of the vehicle to someone
• Be wary of “text mates”
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Crime prevention
G. How to avoid rape:
• Always be alert of your surroundings
• Avoid walking alone, walk on well lit streets, avoid dark alleys
• Be discreet. Do not broadcast personal information to casual
acquaintances
• Always let someone know your whereabouts
• Carry a whistle, use it to draw attention to you in case of an
attack
• Do not accept rides from strangers. If a vehicle approaches you
to offer a ride, turn and run the opposite direction
• Enroll in a self-defense class
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Crime prevention
H. Responding to bomb threats:
• Always remain calm in case you receive a call of a bomb
threat
• Try to obtain as much information as possible – note the
gender, voice , accent, speech pattern / impediment,
peculiar voice characteristics, background noise, etc.
• Call 117, all information should be forwarded to the
authorities
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Crime prevention
I. What is 117?
• 117 is the 24/7 universal emergency number
• Purpose: when one needs help in a police, fire or medical
emergency situation. It can also accept complaints and tips to
assist in the anti-illegal drugs and terrorism campaign, all forms of
crimes, accidents, disasters and other safety concerns
• Linked with PDEA, Anti Kidnapping and Security of Critical
Infrastructure Task Force
• Signed as E.O. 226 by President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo on July 14,
2003
• Prior to this, President Joseph Ejercito Estrada signed A.O. 124 – the
creation of a Joint Commission on Street Watch and A.O. 36 on the
Institutionalization of the Patrol Program
 C. H. E. E. S. E.: Crime prevention
Guide Questions:
1. Define “crime”.
2. What is crime prevention?
3. Provide tips on how to minimize crime.
4. Provide tips on how to keep your family safe.
5. Provide tips on how to keep children safe.
6. Provide tips on cellphone use.
7. Provide tips on how to avoid rape.
8. How do we respond to bomb threats?
9. What is 117?
10. When should we avail its service?