ECDIS

ELECTRONIC CHART DISPLAY AND

INFORMATION SYSTEM
 ADVANTAGES OVER CONVENTIONAL
PAPER CHARTS
• Continuous monitoring on the chart display.
Progress of the vessel can be seen on the chart
wrt shore features & traffic lanes, without the
need to plot ship’s position at frequent interval.
However, cross check ship’s position by
alternative means.
• Different navigational controls can be integrated
with the electronic charts. Hence less number of
people needed.
 ADVANTAGES OVER CONVENTIONAL
PAPER CHARTS…..contd 2
• ALARMS. Guard rings work as efficient look out.
Depth contour alarm gives shallow water
warning. Various alarms ensure more safety,
more efficiency & less fatigue.
• Can view the ship on large scale chart or
different presentation almost instantly.
• Chart updating is much faster provided
corrections are made available
 ADVANTAGES OVER CONVENTIONAL
PAPER CHARTS…..contd 3
• Voyage is recorded & reproduction can reveal
negligence exercised by any of the parties.
• Integrated Navigation System using electronic
charts can prevent groundings & collisions. May
eventually add to the shipowner’s profits by
cutting down on expenses due to litigation,
liabilities, laid up phases, repairs, additional dry-
dockings & workshop deployments.
• Vessel traffic services in harbour can be much
benefitted.
 STANDARDISATION & UNIFORMITY
IN MAKING ECDIS
• Efforts towards standardization of survey
methods from time to time.
• IMO with the cooperation of IHO has adopted a
performance standard for ECDIS. IHO has set
standards & specifications through a publication
S-52..Specifications for chart contents & display
aspects of ECDIS
• S-57..IHO transfer standard for digital
hydrographic data
 STANDARDISATION & UNIFORMITY
IN MAKING ECDIS…contd 2
• ECDIS is to provide the standard display at the
largest scale available. It should not be able to
alter contents. Requirement regarding updating
the charts is also standardised. Thus not only the
chart but equipment also must follow the
minimum criteria.
• Standards have been laid down for display size
and type.
• Requirement regarding voyage recording has
been laid down
 STANDARDISATION & UNIFORMITY
IN MAKING ECDIS…contd 3
• Minimum requirement regarding performance
test, different alarms, power supply & power
back up are provided for ECDIS
 REQUIREMENT S THAT AN
ECDIS MUST FULFILL
• Aim towards safe navigation, providing all chart
information required for safe navigation. Should
provide appropriate alarms/indications reducing
nav workload on OOW. Presentations & available
scales must be same as paper chart. Should be
possible to carry out route planning, position
fixing & monitoring on it. Should also be possible
to update the ENCs in a systematic & reliable way.
 REQUIREMENT S THAT AN
ECDIS MUST FULFILL….contd 2
• REQUIREMENT REGARDING ENC INFORMATION &
UPDATED INFORMATION
• Should be capable of displaying all SENC information.
Info should be latest and sufficient & from authorised
HO. Should be able to get display base, standard
display as single Operator action. Should not be
possible to alter the contents. Updated information
must be stored separate from ENC & a record
maintained as in Chart Correction Log. Operator
should be able to update the ENC data manually.
Should accept official updates automatically. Display
of updates should be possible if required
 REQUIREMENT S THAT AN
ECDIS MUST FULFILL….contd 3
• REQUIREMENT REGARDING DISPLAY MODE
• North Up or other orientation should be possible.
Choice of True and Relative motion display should
be provided. Should be possible to place own ship
in desired part of the screen and be capable of
displaying information in specified colours & with
clarity for route planning, supplementary tasks
and route monitoring in size 270mm x 270mm.
teOperator should be able to see own route with
own ship in the beginning of such route vector
 REQUIREMENT S THAT AN
ECDIS MUST FULFILL….contd 4
• REQUIREMENT REGARDING COLOURS &
SYMBOLS USED
• Colours and symbols should be as per laid down
in S-52 (App 2 & 3)
• Operator should be told if the own ship is in
proportion of actual ship size or is a symbol only
 REQUIREMENT S THAT AN
ECDIS MUST FULFILL….contd 5
• REQUIREMENT REGARDING ROUTE
PLANNING & MONITORING
• Should be possible to do route planning &
monitoring for both straight & curved segments.
• Alarm & indications to assist as per S-52 (App 4)
• Amendments(include or remove) to position &
order of waypoints should be possible. Off track
alarm may be included for desired off-track range.
 REQUIREMENT S THAT AN
ECDIS MUST FULFILL….contd 6
• REQUIREMENT REGARDING ROUTE
PLANNING & MONITORING
• Should be possible to see own ship’s selected route
ahead as well as past track at desired time intervals.
• EBL and range markers should be easily available.
• Should be possible to locate the position on display
once its Latitude & Longitude are entered
 REQUIREMENT S THAT AN
ECDIS MUST FULFILL….contd 7
• REQUIREMENT REGARDING INPUTS FROM OTHER
NAVIGATIONAL EQUIPMENT
• Should be possible to get radar information on the
chart. Should be connected to GPS(continous
position fixing) Gyro (heading) and Log (Speed)
• Positioning System (GPS) & SENC should be on the
same Geodetic datum
 REQUIREMENT TO BE FULFILLED BY ECDIS REGARDING
ERROR INDICATION, PERFORMANCE TEST,
POWER SUPPLY & BACK UP
• Should provide an indication when the input
from the position fixing system or any other
navigational information is lost.. Arrangements
should be provided for safe take over of ECDIS
functions.
• ECDIS should be provided with means for either
automatically or manually carrying out on-board
tests of major functions. Alarms/indications be
provided in case of system malfunction
 REQUIREMENT TO BE FULFILLED BY ECDIS REGARDING
ERROR INDICATION, PERFORMANCE TEST,
POWER SUPPLY & BACK UP…Contd 2
• Should be possible to operate ECDIS alongwith
equipment necessary for its normal functioning
on emergency electrical power. Manual re-
initialization should not be necessary for
interruption of upto 45 seconds, in case of
change over of power supply.
 RASTER & VECTOR CHARTS
RASTER VECTOR
• Are scanned copies of paper • Is a digital database. Each
charts conforming to IHO point on the chart is digitally
Special Publication S-61. mapped, allowing the
• Formats: information to be used in a
• BSB (Used by USA, Canada, more sophisticated way, such
Cuba, Argentina) as clicking on a feature (Eg,
Light house) to get all the
• HCRF (Hydrographic Chart details of the feature
Raster Format) displayed
• Unlike ENCs there is not a single
accepted format for RNC
 RASTER & VECTOR CHARTS
RASTER VECTOR
• The entire chart is stored as • Information is stored in layers &
one single layer and hence can be displayed
therefore, information stored selectively
cannot be displayed
selectively.
• Customisation is not possible • Chart can be designed as per
requirement of the User. Ie,
Customisation is possible

• Direct copy of paper chart • Computer generated chart

 RASTER & VECTOR CHARTS
RASTER VECTOR
• Chart appears cluttered • Cluttering of Chart can be
avoided
• Information can only be added • Information can be added and
subtracted
• Interrogation for more • Interrogation for more
information is not possible information is possible

• Seamless charts not possible • Seamless charts is a feature

 RASTER & VECTOR CHARTS
RASTER VECTOR
• GPS, Radar/ARPA information, • This also has the same facility.
Chart correction etc. can be
overlaid • Sensible rotation to any angle
• Sensible rotation to any angle including Head Up is possible
like Head Up is not possible
• Alarm is not possible for safety • Alarm is possible for safety
Depth entering TSS etc Depth entering TSS etc
• Same symbols & colours as that • Symbols & colours as per IHO
of paper charts Publication S-52 App2
 RASTER & VECTOR CHARTS
• RASTER • VECTOR
• Scale of Chart cannot • Each Chart can be
be changed viewed on different
• Zooming facility is not scales
possible • Zooming facility is
• Since Chart is a single possible
layer, no possible • Loss of information layer
information can be lost is possible. Visual
• This is used interim to indication is given
Vector Charts and only • With development of
where ENC is not ENC, Raster Charts will
available be phased out
 IMO & IHO
• S-57 . Ensures worldwide uniformity of ENCs
issued by different organisations. It describes the
standards for the exchange of digital hydrographic
data between national hydrographic offices and
for the distribution of digital data and products to
manufacturers, mariners and other data users.
• S-52. Symbols and colours. Presentation of objects
and their characteristics.
 IMO & IHO
• S-63. IHO data protection scheme as a standard
for protection of ENCs from unauthorised
changes by encryption. S-63 protection ensures
the integrity of the ENC data in all transactions
between the service provider and the end-user.
The protection scheme enables an ECDIS to
confirm the authenticity of the supplied
information.
• S-62. A complete list of Producer code in IHO
standard. GB is Great Britain