QIP LECTURE ON

Electrical & Electronics

Circuit Simulation

Assoc Prof C S Kudarihal

12 APR 2019 FDE, MCEME

 Objective
Discuss Circuit Simulation & Mathematical Modeling

Discuss Types of Mathematical Modeling

Explore Circuit Simulations Resources

Circuit Simulation Demo

12 APR 2019 FDE, MCEME

 Introduction
• Circuit design, Equipment
design and Training;
Computer Simulation
• Simulation saves time and
money

• Enabling much faster complex

Increased power of computation
Computers • Simulation Tools become
popular in Training, R & D.

12 APR 2019 FDE, MCEME

 Simulation in Science
Modeling and simulation are important in
research.

Representing the real systems either

• via Physical reproductions at smaller scale, or
• via Mathematical models that allow representing the
dynamics of the system via simulation.

Exploring system behaviour in an articulated way which is

often either not possible, or too risky in the real world.

12 APR 2019 FDE, MCEME

 Accuracy of Computer Simulation

Prominent factors that

Engineers questioning
affect the reliability of
its validity computer simulation

• “The Actual Results • The Computational

Do Not Match The Principle,
Simulation Results” i.e.“Computational
Engine” and
• The “Modelling
Technique”.

12 APR 2019 FDE, MCEME

 What is Simulation?
Math
Model

A simulation is an
The act of simulating
approximate imitation
first requires a model
of the operation of a
is developed.
process or system

12 APR 2019 FDE, MCEME

 Real System vs Simulation

12 APR 2019 FDE, MCEME

 What is Mathematical Model?
Mathematics can be used to "model", or represent, how the real
world works.

A mathematical model is a description of a system using

mathematical concepts and language

The process of developing a mathematical model is termed

mathematical modeling

A model may help to explain a system and to study the effects of

different components, and to make predictions about behaviour

12 APR 2019 FDE, MCEME

 • Help to understand meaning
of equations or functional
relationships.
• To estimate the quantitative
Why do behaviour of the system
Mathematical • Quantitative results from
Modelling MM can easily be compared
(MM)? with observational data
• Mathematical models are an
important component of the
final "complete model" of a
system

12 APR 2019 FDE, MCEME

 Types of Mathematical Models
Linear vs. Nonlinear
Static vs. Dynamic Models
Explicit vs. Implicit
Discrete vs. Continuous
Deterministic vs. Probabilistic (stochastic)
Deductive, Inductive or Floating

12 APR 2019 FDE, MCEME

 LINEAR VS. NONLINEAR
If all the operators in a mathematical model exhibit linearity,
the resulting mathematical model is defined as linear else non
linear

.
12 APR 2019 FDE, MCEME
 STATIC VS. DYNAMIC MODELS

A dynamic model accounts for time-dependent

changes in the state of the system

While a static(or steady-state) model calculates the

system in equilibrium, and thus is time-invariant

Dynamic models typically are represented by

differential equations.

12 APR 2019 FDE, MCEME

 EXPLICIT VS. IMPLICIT

If all of the input parameters of the overall model are

known, and the output parameters can be calculated
by a finite series of the model is said to be explicit.

But sometimes it is the output parameters which are

known, and the corresponding inputs must be solved
for by an iterative procedure, such as Newton's
method(if the model is linear) or Broyden'smethod (if
non-linear).

12 APR 2019 FDE, MCEME

 DISCRETE VS. CONTINUOUS

A discrete model treats objects as discrete, such as

the particles in a molecular model or the states in a
statistical model

While a continuous model represents the objects in a

continuous manner viz. temperatures and stresses in
a solid, and electric field

12 APR 2019 FDE, MCEME

 DETERMINISTIC VS. PROBABILISTIC

A deterministic model is one in which every set of variable

states is uniquely determined by parameters in the
model and by sets of previous states of these variables.

Therefore, deterministic models perform the same way

for a given set of initial conditions.

Conversely, in a stochastic model, randomness is present,

and variable states are not described by unique values, but
rather by probability distributions

12 APR 2019 FDE, MCEME

 DEDUCTIVE, INDUCTIVE, OR FLOATING
A deductive model is a logical structure based on a theory.
Ex. If A > B, B > C, So A > C

An inductive model arises from empirical findings and generalization from

them.
Ex. Cat A is Black, Cat B is Black and Cat C is Black there fore all Cats are Black

The floating model rests on neither theory nor observation, but is merely
the invocation of expected structure.

Application of Catastrophe Theory in science has been characterized as a

floating model.

12 APR 2019 FDE, MCEME

 • Not necessarily a ‘correct’
model
• Unrealistic models may fit data
very well leading to incorrect
Limitations of conclusions
Mathematical • Simple models are easy to
Models manage, but complexity is often
required
• Realistic simulations require a
large number of hard to obtain
parameters

12 APR 2019 FDE, MCEME

 Electronic Circuit Simulation (ECS)

Engages the user

Mathematical by integrating him
Operation &
Model of the or her into the
Analysis
Circuit learning
experience.

12 APR 2019 FDE, MCEME

 Electronic
Circuit
Simulation

Online Offline
Virtual Labs
Simulation Simulation

12 APR 2019 FDE, MCEME

 • Getting more popular day by day.
• Used to design and check circuit
diagrams.
Online • You don’t have to install
Circuit anything at all on your PC or
Simulators laptop.
• All you need is a browser and a
stable internet connection.
• Work from anywhere

12 APR 2019 FDE, MCEME

 • EasyEDA – Easyeda.Com
- Electronics Design Automation
• Autodesk Circuits –circuito.io/
• PartSim –Partsim.Com
Online • EveryCircuit – Everycircuit.Com
• Circuit Sims – Falstad.Com/Circuit/
ECS • circuitlogix– circuitlogix.com
• DoCircuits – Docircuits.Com
• CircuitsCloud – Circuits-Cloud.Com
• CIRCUIT LAB – Circuitlab.Com
• TinaCloud – Tina.Com

12 APR 2019 FDE, MCEME

 • To provide remote-access to
Labs in various disciplines of
Science and Engineering.
Virtual • These Virtual Labs would
labs cater to students at the
undergraduate level, post
graduate level as well as to
research scholars.

12 APR 2019 FDE, MCEME

 • Multisim
• TINA (Toolkit for Interactive
Network Analysis )
• Proteus

Offline • LTSpice (Simulation Program

with Integrated Circuit Emphasis)

ECS • Matlab /Simulink

• KEIL
• 8085 Simulators
• Emu86 – For 8086 µP
• Edsim51 – For 8051 µC
12 APR 2019 FDE, MCEME
 Demo Videos – Online ECS

Everycircuit Tikercad

12 APR 2019 FDE, MCEME

 Sim Software for Specific Application
Simulink (GUI based software for Dynamic System Simulation)

Pspice and LTspice (Electrical Schematic Software)

Multisim (Circuit Simulation & PCB Design Software)

ETAP (Software for Electrical Power Systems)

Power World Simulator (Visual power system analysis software)

PSCAD (Electromagnetic Transient Analysis Software)

PSS/E (Power System Simulator for Engineers)

LabVIEW (Designing Interfacing and HMIs)

12 APR 2019 FDE, MCEME

 Simulation Demo
My Favourite Tools in Class Room Teaching

Proteus emu86 edsim51

12 APR 2019 FDE, MCEME

 Conclusion
Study the Behaviour of a System Without Building It.

Results are Accurate in General, Compared to

Analytical Model.

Help to Find Un-expected Phenomenon, Behaviour of

the System.

Easy to Perform ``What-if'' Analysis.

12 APR 2019 FDE, MCEME

 Thank You For
Your Attention
Jai hind

12 APR 2019 FDE, MCEME