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Helical Gears

Helical gears transmit power between parallel and non-parallel shafts. They have involute teeth cut at a helix angle to the shaft axis. This causes an axial thrust load that requires adequate bearings. Helical gears operate more smoothly than spur gears and can carry higher loads at higher speeds, though they are more expensive to manufacture. Key geometric properties include the helix angle, transverse and normal circular/diametral pitches, and normal pressure angle.

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gamini ranaweera
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510 views12 pages

Helical Gears

Helical gears transmit power between parallel and non-parallel shafts. They have involute teeth cut at a helix angle to the shaft axis. This causes an axial thrust load that requires adequate bearings. Helical gears operate more smoothly than spur gears and can carry higher loads at higher speeds, though they are more expensive to manufacture. Key geometric properties include the helix angle, transverse and normal circular/diametral pitches, and normal pressure angle.

Uploaded by

gamini ranaweera
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HELICAL GEARS

 Like spur gears helical gears are cut from a cylindrical gear blank and have involute teeth.
 The difference is that their teeth is at some helix angle to the shaft axis.
 These gears are used for transmitting power between parallel and non parallel shafts.

 The helix can slope either the upward or downward direction. The term RH and LH
helical gears are used to distinguish between the two types.
As a result of the design of the helical gear tooth an axial or thrust load is developed. Bearings
must be adequate to absorb this thrust
 Herringbone gear refers to a helical gear having half its face cut with teeth of one hand
and other half with the teeth of opposite hand.

 In non parallel, non intersecting shaft applications gears with helical teeth are
known as “Crossed Helical Gears”
Advantages helical gears over the spur gears
 More teeth in contact simultaneously and the load is transferred gradually and uniformly.
 Operate more smoothly and carry larger loads at higher speeds.
 Quiet operation.

Disadvantages
 Higher cost of manufacturing
 Presence of an axial force.

HELICAL GEAR GEOMETRY


 Helical gear standards follow the same standards as for spur gears.
 The teeth form the helix angle ψ with the gear axis measured on an imaginary cylinder of
pitch diameter “d” . Ψ=15-30deg.
DIMENSIONS OF A HELICAL GEAR IN TRANSVERSE PLANE(t-t} AND NORMAL PLANE(n-n) AND
AXIAL PLANE(x-x)

pc.
pn .
ψ
ψ

pa

(t-t)
(x-x) (n-n)
(Plane of Rotation)
(Axial Plane)
The distances between the similar pitch lines from tooth to tooth are
1) Circular pitch - pc(measured in plane of rotation as with spur gears)
2) The normal circular pitch - pn
3) Axial circular pitch - pa

 Pressure angle Ф is also measured in the transverse plane.


 Therefore pc and Ф are also referred to as transverse circular pitch and transverse
pressure angle.
 The quantities pn and Фn are measured in a normal plane.
 Referring to triangles ABC and ADC
pn  pc cos
pn
pa  pc cot 
sin
 Diametral pitch is more commonly used than circular pitch to define the tooth size.
Pd=Diametral pitch
Pn=Normal Diametral Pitch
Z= Number of teeth
GH
Tan 
h
GI
Tann 
h
Tan GH

Tann GI
GH pc 1
 
GI pn cos
Tann  Tan cos
Other geometric properties are expressed similar to those of spur gears.
zpc zpn z
d  
  cos Pn cos
d 1  d 2 pc z1  z 2
C  ( z1  z 2) 
2 2 2 Pn cos
EX: Two helical gears of have a center distance of 10in, a pressure angle of Ф=25deg. A
helix angle of ψ=30deg. And diametral pitch of 6 in. If the speed ratio is be 3.
Calculate
1) The transverse circular,normal circular and axial pitches
2) The normal diametral pitch and normal pressure angle.

Pd  6
 
pc    0.5236
Pd 6
pn  pc cos  0.5236 cos 30  0.4534in
pn 0.4534
pa  pc cot    0.9068in
sin sin 30
n1 z2
i12  3
n2 z1
z 2  3z1

d 1  d 2 pc
C  ( z1  z 2)
2 2
0.5236
10  ( z1  3 z1)
2
z1  30
z 2  90
Normal diametral pitch
Pd 6
Pn    6.928
cos cos 30
Normal Pressure Angle

Tann  Tan cos  Tan 25Cos30  0.4038


n  22 deg

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