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Oxygen Delivery Devices

This document discusses oxygen delivery devices and oxygen therapy. It describes the theoretical aspects of oxygenation including what it is, its indications, contraindications and complications. It then covers the applied aspects including the types of oxygen delivery devices, equations for computing oxygenation, selecting a delivery approach, and protocol based oxygen therapy. The main types of oxygen delivery devices discussed are low flow systems, reservoir systems, high flow systems, and enclosures.

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Mohammed Saifuddin
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900 views54 pages

Oxygen Delivery Devices

This document discusses oxygen delivery devices and oxygen therapy. It describes the theoretical aspects of oxygenation including what it is, its indications, contraindications and complications. It then covers the applied aspects including the types of oxygen delivery devices, equations for computing oxygenation, selecting a delivery approach, and protocol based oxygen therapy. The main types of oxygen delivery devices discussed are low flow systems, reservoir systems, high flow systems, and enclosures.

Uploaded by

Mohammed Saifuddin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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OXYGEN DELIVERY DEVICES

By Dr Mohd Saifuddin
CONTENTS

• PART I : THEORETICAL ASPECTS


• WHAT IS OXYGENATION

• INDICATIONS

• CONTRAINDICATIONS

• COMPLICATIONS
• PART II : APPLIED ASPECTS
• TYPES OF DELIVERY DEVICES

• EQUATIONS FOR COMPUTING OXYGENATION

• SELECTING A DELIVERY APPROACH

• PROTOCOL BASED O2 THERAPY


MEDICAL GASES

Laboratory Therapeutic Anesthetic

Air
N
O2
He He/O2 N2O

CO2/O2
CO2
NO
COMBUSTIBILITY
NON-FLAMMABLE SUPPORT COMBUSTION

N AIR

He O2

CO2 He/O2

CO2/O2

NO

N2O
OXYGEN

• COLOURLESS
• ODORLESS
• TRANSPARENT
• TASTLESS
PART - I
OXYGEN THERAPY

• Administration of Oxygen gas through various routes so

as to maintain adequate tissue oxygenation while

minimizing cardiopulmonary work


OBJECTIVES:-
Correct documented or suspected acute hypoxemia

Decrease symptoms associated with chronic hypoxemia

Decrease the workload hypoxemia imposes on


cardiopulmonary system
PHYSIOLOGY
O2
STORAGE

O2
DELIVERY

OXYGEN THERAPY
INDICATIONS

• DOCUMENTED HYPOXEMIA

• ACUTE CARE SITUATIONS WHERE HYPOXEMIA IS SUSPECTED

• SEVRE TRAUMA

• ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

• SHORT TERM THERAPY OR SURGICAL INTERVENTION


ASSESSMENT

HYPOXEMIA ?

YES UNCERTAIN

CLINCAL
START O2
CONDITION
ASSESSING THE NEED

• LABORATORY MEASURES TO DOCUMENT HYPOXEMIA

• CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF HYPOXEMIA

• BASED ON A SPECIFIC CLINICAL CONDITION


CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF HYPOXIA
REPIRATORY

CARDIOVASCULAR

NEUROLOGICAL
• DYSPNEA • TACHYCARDIA • RESTLESNESS
• DISORIENTATION
• TACHYPNEA • HYPERTENSION
• HEADACHE
• PALENESS • BRADYCARDIA • CONFUSION

• CYANOSIS • ARRHYTHMIA • BLURRED


VISION
• HYPOTENSION
• TUNNEL VISION
• IMPAIRED
JUDGEMENT
• COMA
CONTRAINDICATIONS
• NASAL CANNULAS AND NASOPHARYNGEAL CATHETERS IN
PAEDIATRIC AND NEONATAL PATIENTS WITH NASAL
OBSTRUCTION

• NO SPECIFIC CONTRAINDICATIONS WHEN INDICATIONS


PRESENT
PART - II
OXYGEN DELIVERY DEVICES

• MECHANICAL CONDUITS THAT ARE PRIMARILY USED TO DELIVER

OXYGEN ( BUT CAN BE USED FOR OTHER MEDICAL GASES AS WELL)

TO A SUBJECT CONDUCTING OXYGEN IN

• A CONTROLABLE, CONSISTENT

• A SAFE

• AND REGULATORY FASHION

BEING ABLE TO DO SO OWING TO IT’S DESIGN


LOW FLOW

DESIGN RESERVIOR
ODD
ENCLOSURES

HIGH FLOW
PERFORMANCE !
21-100%

>60% FiO2 <35%

35-60%
ROOM
AIR

ODD
LOW FLOW SYSTEMS

• PROVIDE SUPPLEMENTAL O2 DIRECTLY TO THE AIRWAY AT


A RATE OF ≤ 8L/ MIN

• LOW AND VARIABLE FiO2

• EX:

• NASAL CANNULA

• NASAL CATHETER

• TRANSTRACHEAL CATHETER
RESERVOIR SYSTEMS

• IN- BUILT MECHANISM FOR GATHERING AND STORING O2


BETWEEN BREATHS

• HIGHER FiO2 THAN LOW FLOW SYSTEMS

• CAN EVEN DECREASE O2 USE

• EX:

• RESERVIOR CANNULAS

• RESERVIOR MASKS

• NON- REBREATHING CIRCUITS


HIGH FLOW SYSTEMS

• SUPPLY A GIVEN O2 CONCENTRATION AT A FLOW

EQUALLING OR EXCEEDING PATIENTS PEAK INSPIRATORY

FLOW

• FIXED FiO2 IS ENSURED BY KEEPING DELIVERED FLOW

GREATER THAN PATIENTS FLOW

• A HIGH FLOW SYSTEM SHOULD PROVIDE AT LEAST 60L/

MIN TOTAL FLOW


ENCLOSURES

• PATIENT IS ENCLOSED IN A CONTROLLED O 2 ENVIRONMENT

• GENERALLY USED FOR INFANTS AND CHILDREN

• EX:

• O2 TENT

• O2 HOOD

• INCUBATOR
SELECTING A DELIVERY APPROACH

GENERAL
PURPOSE PATIENT PERFORMANCE
GOALS
COMPLICATIONS:

• OXYGEN TOXICITY

• DEPRESSION OF VENTILATION

• RETINOPATHY OF PREMATURITY

• ABSORPTION ATELECTASIS

• FIRE HAZARD

• BACTERIAL CONTAMINATION
PROTOCOL BASED O2 THERAPY
BIBILOGRAPHY

• EGAN’S FUNDAMENTALS OF RESPIRATORY CARE 11TH EDITION

• HARRISON’S PRINCIPLES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 18TH EDITION

• WARD PROCEDURES BY MASUKH PATEL, 5TH EDITION

• MECHANISMS OF CLINICAL SIGNS, MAIDEN EDITION

• MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY BY BORON BOULPAEP, 3RD EDITION

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