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Nasal Polyps

Nasal polyps are abnormal growths that develop in the nasal passages, causing symptoms like congestion, loss of smell, and facial pain. They are most often caused by allergies and inflammation. The document outlines the definition, types, risk factors, signs and symptoms, treatment, and postoperative care for nasal polyps including removal of the polyps through a polypectomy procedure.

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Pauleen
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
248 views

Nasal Polyps

Nasal polyps are abnormal growths that develop in the nasal passages, causing symptoms like congestion, loss of smell, and facial pain. They are most often caused by allergies and inflammation. The document outlines the definition, types, risk factors, signs and symptoms, treatment, and postoperative care for nasal polyps including removal of the polyps through a polypectomy procedure.

Uploaded by

Pauleen
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NASAL POLYPS

GROUP ONE
OBJECTIVES
Define Nasal Polyps
State 2 types of nasal polyps
State 5 risk factors of Nasal Polyps
State the 5 signs and symptoms
Describe the medical management of nasal
polyps
Describe the post-operative nursing care of
Tony, post polypectomy
DEFINATION OF NASAL POLYPS

 Nasal polyps can be defined as a new abnormal growth of cells


formed as a result of abnormal, excessive and inappropriate
proliferation of cells. It may be a benign (Localized) or
malignant (not localized) neoplasms for example the fibro
vasecular tissue which develops from edematous mucous
membrane caused by nasal allergy or long standing infect.
They appear in the nose and look like a bunch of grapes.
TYPES OF NASAL POLYPS
1. Ethmoidal polyps: These arise from the ethmoid
sinuses and external through the middle meatus
into the nasal cavity.
2. Antrochoanal polyps: (common in children)
These usually arise in the maxillary sinus and
external into the nasal pharynx and present only
4%-6% of all nasal polyps.
RISK FACTORS OF NASAL POLYPS

1. AGE: Occurs at any age but more common in children


2. Allergies: Response to NSAIDs such as Asprin.
3. Rhinitis: Due to inflammation of the nasal passages and
sinuses.
4. Genetics: individuals whose parents have had this condition
are at higher risk.
5. Oedema:
SIGNS & SYMPTOMS

1. Speech distortion: Due to blockage of the airway


passages.

2. Facial pain/Headache: Due to inflammation of the lining


of the nasal passages and sinuses.

3. Snoring: Due to swelling of the nasal lining that occurs


inside the nasal passages and sinuses behind the nose.
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS CONT

4. Infection: due to the blockage of the drainage


channel of the sinuses into the nose. Sinusitis will
develop

5. Epistaxis: Due to damage of the tiny blood vessels


that lie close to the lining of the nose.
MEDICAL MANAGEMENT OF NASAL POLYPS

AIMS

- To reduce pain

- To promote quick recovery

- To prevent infection
INVESTIGATIONS

1. History taking: Obtain history from client, ask if there is anyone in


the family who suffered from nasal polyps before. Find out if the
client is allergic to certain drugs like Aspirin and if the client has
suffered from conditions like Asthma, Rhinitis, Hay fever.

2. Physical Examination: Insert a nasal endoscopy instrument which


has a narrow tube with a lighted magnifying lens. This enables the
examiner to perform a detailed examination inside the nose and
sinuses.
1.Full blood count: Done to rule out any infections.

2.Ct scan: Done to see the size and location of the


polyps or any other abnormalities. Its also helps to
see if there is any further damage done to the bone
near the polyps.
TREATMENT
1. Chloramphenicol 250mg to 500mg QID adults
and 2mg children QID.

2. Prednisone 5mg/5ml solution, 1mg to 50mg tablet

3. Ciprofloxacin 250mg to 500mg PO 12 hourly for


7 to 14days.
4. Aspirin ( Acetylsalicylic acid) 75mg to 325mg

5. Ibuprofen 300mg 10 to 12 years TDS

6. Benzyl penicillin 200mg/kg IV divided in 2 or 4


doses(severe infection)

7. Fluticasone 50mcg/inh to 93mch/inh

8. Belcomethasone 40mch/inh to 80mvg/inh


POST OPERATIVE NURSING CARE

OBJECTIVES

1. To prevent complications ( infections)

2. To promote healing of the surgical incision

3. To return the patient to a state of health


Polypectomy is the removal of a polyp, examples
may include uterine and colon polypectomy, this
procedure can be done on any area of the body
that develops polyp for example the nose, cervix,
vocal cords and stomach. However, a polyp is a
growth that begins in the tissue and extends into
the hollow space.
Position
 Recovery position if done under G/A, if local anesthesia
patient is put in semi sitting position. When he gains
consciousness put him in upright position to allow proper
breathing and ventilate the lungs, prevent inhalation of blood
and prevent lung collapse.
Environment
 Humidified air is used by the patient because he is breathing
through the mouth. Soften the lips with Vaseline to prevent
drying of mouth and cracking.
Nutrition

Soft diet and fluids are encouraged. Diet- light diet for
easy chewing and roughage to prevent straining at stool
which will cause pain and bleeding on the operated site
and to avoid moving facial muscles

Psychological care

Reassure the patient that after removal of nasal pack he


will continue breathing normally
Observations
Observe nasal packing for bleeding, monitor
patients pulse, temperature, respiration and blood
pressure. Observe general condition, oedema, pain
and breathing pattern.
Hygiene
oral care, wipe nose, patient bath daily
Commence IV fluids to rehydrate patient.

Exercise

 Patient is encouraged to mobilize to prevent deep


vein thrombosis. Breathing exercises to prevent
lung complications/ collapse

Medication

Antibiotics as ordered e.g. X-pen to prevent


infection. Sedatives e.g. valium
Wound care Remove moustache dressing
and nasal pack to prevent infection and
promote quick healing. Advice patient to
keep dressing dry to prevent infection. Sterile
procedure when dealing with nasal pack.
Advise
 Medication Adherence: compliance of the drugs. Continue to take
steroids and drugs for a long time because of recurrences.

 Teach patient about S/S of bleeding so that he can seek early


treatment. Teach patient on the predisposing factors so that he or she
can avoid them.

 Patient should honor review dates.

 Wound care and personal hygiene.

 Nutrion: Importance of mixed diet rich in protein and iron to repair


worn out tissues and boost Hb levels. Increase CHO to provide
energy. Plenty of fluids to keep patient hydrated.

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