Docker

Agenda
• What is Docker?
– Docker vs. Virtual Machine
– History, Status, Run Platforms
– Hello World
• Images and Containers
• Volume Mounting, Port Publishing, Linking
• Around Docker, Docker Use Cases
• Hands-On Workshop

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What is Docker?
Docker is an open-source project that
automates the deployment
of applications inside software
containers, by providing an additional
layer of abstraction and automation
of operating system–level
virtualization on Linux.
[Source: en.wikipedia.org]

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Docker: Name
[www.docker.com]

docker [naut.]: der Dockarbeiter, der

Hafenarbeiter
Source: leo.org
• Provide a uniformed wrapper around a
software package: «Build, Ship and Run Any
App, Anywhere» [www.docker.com]
– Similar to shipping containers: The
container is always the same, regardless
of the contents and thus fits on all trucks,
cranes, ships, ...

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Docker vs. Virtual Machine

Source: https://www.docker.com/whatisdocker/

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Docker Technology
• libvirt: Platform Virtualization
• LXC (LinuX Containers): Multiple
isolated Linux systems (containers)
on a single host
• Layered File System

[Source: https://docs.docker.com/terms/layer/]

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Docker History
• 2013-03: Releases as Open
Source
• 2013-09: Red Hat collaboration
(Fedora, RHEL, OpenShift)
• 2014-03: 34th most starred GitHub
project
• 2014-05: JAX Innovation Award
(most innovative open technology)

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Technology Radar
• 2014-01: Assess
• 2014-07: Trial
• Source:
http://www.thoughtworks.com/radar
/tools/docker

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Run Platforms
• Various Linux distributions
(Ubuntu, Fedora, RHEL, Centos,
openSUSE, ...)
• Cloud (Amazon EC2, Google
Compute Engine, Rackspace)
• 2014-10: Microsoft announces
plans to integrate Docker with next
release of Windows Server

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Hello World
Simple Command - Ad-Hoc
Container
• docker run ubuntu echo
Hello World
– docker images [-a]
– docker ps –a

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Terminology - Image
• Persisted snapshot that can be run
– images: List all local images
– run: Create a container from an image and
execute a command in it
– tag: Tag an image
– pull: Download image from repository
– rmi: Delete a local image
• This will also remove intermediate images if no longer
used

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Terminology - Container
• Runnable instance of an image
– ps: List all running containers
– ps –a: List all containers (incl. stopped)
– top: Display processes of a container
– start: Start a stopped container
– stop: Stop a running container
– pause: Pause all processes within a container
– rm: Delete a container
– commit: Create an image from a container

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Image vs. Container
Base Image run Container
ubuntu:latest cid1

base image cmd  new state

New Image commit Container

iid1 cid1
run
Container
cid2
Container
cid3
Container
cid4

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Dockerfile
• Create images automatically using
a build script: «Dockerfile»
• Can be versioned in a version
control system like Git or SVN,
along with all dependencies
• Docker Hub can automatically build
images based on dockerfiles on
Github

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Dockerfile Example
• Dockerfile:
– FROM ubuntu
ENV DOCK_MESSAGE Hello My World
ADD dir /files
CMD ["bash", "someScript"]
• docker build [DockerFileDir]
• docker inspect [imageId]

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Mount Volumes
• docker run –ti –v
/hostLog:/log ubuntu
• Run second container: Volume can
be shared
– docker run –ti --volumes-
from firstContainerName
ubuntu

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Publish Port
• docker run –t –p 8080:80
ubuntu nc –l 80
– Map container port 80 to host port
8080
– Check on host: nc localhost 8080
• Link with other docker container
– docker run -ti --link
containerName:alias ubuntu
– See link info with set

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Around Docker
• Docker Images: Docker Hub
• Vagrant: «Docker for VMs»
• Automated Setup
– Puppet, Chef, Ansible, ...
• Docker Ecosystem
– skydock / skydns
– fig

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Docker Hub
• Public repository of Docker images
– https://hub.docker.com/
– docker search [term]
• Automated: Has been
automatically built from Dockerfile
– Source for build is available on
GitHub

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Docker Use Cases
• Development Environment
• Environments for Integration Tests
• Quick evaluation of software
• Microservices
• Multi-Tenancy
• Unified execution environment (dev
 test  prod (local, VM, cloud,
...)

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Documentation
• Docker homepage: https://www.docker.com/
– Introduction:
https://www.docker.com/whatisdocker/
– Online tutorial: https://www.docker.com/tryit/
– Installation and user guide:
https://docs.docker.com/
• InfTec TecBoard:
https://inftec.atlassian.net/wiki/display/TEC/D
ocker
– Includes this presentation

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Hands On
• https://bitbucket.org/inftec/vagrant-
playground/branch/docker-demo
• Multi-Container-Setup
– Logging-Container
– Echo-Container
– Client-Container

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