SPO3 Arvin K Cornejo, R.C., M.P.A.

Chief Clerk, PCRB, LPPO

Roles of FTOs in
Traffic Phase
 Roles of FTOs in Traffic Phase
• Mentor – Advise or train someone, especially
a younger colleague
• Supervisor – a person who supervises a person or
an activity
• Coach - is a person involved in the direction,
instruction and training of the operation
• Instructor - a teacher ,or professor of a
specialized subject
• Evaluator - someone whose job is to judge the
quality, importance or value of something.
 Traffic Laws, Rules and
Regulations, Memorandum
Ordinances and Issuances
 Traffic Laws, Rules and
Regulations, Memorandum
Ordinances and Issuances
• RA 4136 (Land Transportation and Traffic
Code);
• RA 10054 (Use of Motorcycle Helmet);
• RA 8750 (Use of Seatbelt)
 REPUBLIC ACT 4136
AN ACT TO COMPILE THE LAWS
RELATIVE TO LAND TRANSPORTATION
AND TRAFFIC RULES, TO CREATE A
LAND TRANSPORTATION
COMMISSION AND FOR OTHER
PURPOSES
 Main Concepts of Republic Act
No 4136
• 1. Driver License Violations
a. Driving without license
b. Driving with a delinquent invalid,
suspended, ineffectual or revoked
license
c. Failure to show or surrender driver’s
license
d. Failure to carry a driver’s license
e. Failure to sign a driver’s license
f. Driving while under the influence of liquor or
prohibited drugs
2. Motor Vehicle Registration Violations
a. Unregistered Motor Vehicle – a motor
vehicle which is not duly registered with the
Land Transportation Office (LTO).
Example:
(1) Newly assembled motor vehicle from the
factory
(2) Rebuilt motor vehicle from the motor shop
(3) Imported vehicle which is subject for custom
duties
b. Delinquent Registration – a motor vehicle which
is duly registered with the LTO but the validity of
the registration will expire within the current
year. The indication of registration of a motor
vehicle relies on the LTO validating sticker. The
registration of the motor vehicle corresponds to
the assigned plate number.
• The Last Digit is the allowable renewal month of
registration of a motor vehicle:
1 - January 6 - June
2 - February 7 - July
3 - March 8 - August
4 - April 9 - September
5 - May 0 - October
• The Middle Digit is the assigned week of
registration of the motor vehicle.

1, 2, 3 – First week of the month

4, 5, 6 – Second week of the month
7, 8 – Third week of the month
9, 0 – Fourth week of the month
3. Parking Violations (Sec. 46)
a. Parking within an intersection
b. Parking on a crosswalk/pedestrian lane
c. Parking within six (6) meters of the intersection of curb lines
d. Parking within four (4) meters of the driveway entrance to any fire
station
e. Parking within four (4) meters of a fire hydrant
f. Parking in front of a private driveway
g. Double parking
h. Parking at any place where official signs “Prohibited Parking” are posted

4. Moving Traffic Violation

(Reckless Driving - disregard of the safety of others)
a. Illegal turn – disregard of this sign poses danger to other motorist.
b. Driving against traffic – one of the most dangerous behavior of a
driver.
c. Illegal overtaking (1 to 11)
 Republic Act No. 4136 (Land
Transportation and Traffic Code)
• Section 39. Overtaking a vehicle.
• Section 40. Driver to give way to overtaking
vehicle.
• Section 41. Restrictions on overtaking and
passing.
• Section 42. Right-of-way
 REPUBLIC ACT NO. 10054
AN ACT MANDATING ALL MOTORCYCLE RIDERS TO
WEAR STANDARD PROTECTIVE MOTORCYCLE HELMETS
WHILE DRIVING AND PROVIDING PENALTIES THEREFOR
Section 3. Mandatory Use of Motorcycle
Helmets.
All motorcycle riders, including drivers and back riders,
shall at all time wear standard protective motorcycle
helmets while driving, whether long or short drive, in
any type of road and highway. Standard protective
motorcycle helmets are appropriate types of helmets
for motorcycle riders that comply with the
specifications issued by the Department of Trade and
Industry.
 REPUBLIC ACT NO. 10054
• Section 4. Exemption.
Drivers of tricycles shall be exempted from
complying with the mandatory wearing of
motorcycle helmets.
 • REPUBLIC ACT NO. 8750
AN ACT REQUIRING THE MANDATORY
COMPLIANCE BY MOTORISTS OF PRIVATE AND
PUBLIC VEHICLES TO USE SEAT BELT DEVICES,
AND REQUIRING VEHICLE MANUFACTURERS
TO INSTALL SEAT BELT DEVICES IN ALL THEIR
MANUFACTURED VEHICLES
Section 4. Mandatory Use of Seat Belts.
Section 5. Children Prohibited to Sit in Front
Seat. Infants and/or children with ages six (6)
years and below shall be prohibited to sit in
the front seat of any running motor vehicle.
 Common traffic Signs, symbols, and road
safety; Right-of-way Rules; and Common
types of collision
TRAFFIC INTERSECTION CONFLICTS, SIGNS AND
SYMBOLS
Three (3) basic types of traffic sign:
a. Danger Warning Sign
b. Informative Sign
c. Mandatory Sign
Three (3) common types of collision:

a. Side swipe collision

b. Head-on collision
c. Rear-end collision
TRAFFIC SIGNS AND ROAD MARKINGS
TRAFFIC SIGNS AND ROAD MARKINGS
TRAFFIC SIGNS AND ROAD MARKINGS
 TYPES OF ACCIDENT COLLISION
1. Rear-end Collision: Where one vehicle runs into the back of
another vehicle.
2. Head-on Collision: Where two vehicles collided head on.
3. Angle Collision: Where one vehicle drives into the side of
another vehicle at approximately 90 degrees.
4. Multiple Collision: Where more than two vehicles collided
with another vehicle.
5. Sideswipe Collision: Where two vehicles scrape each other
along the side of the vehicles. The vehicles can be moving
in the same direction or in opposite directions.
NOTE: In making a traffic accident sketch, always follow
the golden rule: “Consider the North positioning of the
scene”.
Traffic Direction
and Control
Traffic Management TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT
refers to the planning,
organizing, directing
and controlling the safe
economic and
expeditious movements
of people and goods.
 5 E’s OF TRAFFIC

1. Engineering
2. Education
3. Enforcement
4. Environment
5. Economics
 Proper stance of a traffic police officer while
conducting traffic direction and control

1. Equipment
• When directing and controlling traffic, police officer
should be equipped with appropriate traffic-
directing gear which includes a reflective traffic
vest , gloves, whistle and flashlight.
 Proper stance of a traffic police officer while
conducting traffic direction and control
2. Position
Depending on the situation,
traffic volume, road type, and
level of risk for the
participating Police Officer, a
technique in traffic direction
and control includes selecting
an appropriate position.
Positions are based on the
highest level of visibility for
both motorists and
pedestrians.
 Proper stance of a traffic police officer while
conducting traffic direction and control

2. Position
Police Officers may choose the
technique of standing in the
intersection’s center, which
offers the greatest visibility and
control but is considered the most
dangerous.
Standing on the corner is ideal
for directing pedestrian traffic and
offers greater safety.
 Proper stance of a traffic police officer while
conducting traffic direction and control

3. Hand Signals
Traffic Police Officers may use the
technique of hand signals to
provide traffic direction and
control.

Officers should stand parallel with traffic so that the

“stopped” traffic faces the front and back of the
officer’s body.
 Proper stance of a traffic police officer while
conducting traffic direction and control

3. Hand Signals
To stop the flow of traffic, the
Traffic Police Officer uses the
technique of lifting an upraised
palm in the direction of traffic
being “stopped” by making eye
contact with the first driver who
must stop.
 Proper stance of a traffic police officer while
conducting traffic direction and control

3. Hand Signals
To begin the flow of traffic, the Traffic Police Officer
points at the first driver he intends to begin driving,
then upturns the palm and bends the elbow,
drawing the palm in a “come forward” motion that
extends past his head. Other techniques
encourage right-hand and left-hand turns.
 Proper stance of a traffic police officer while
conducting traffic direction and control

4. Whistle Techniques
Traffic Police Officers may use whistles to direct
and control traffic.
a. One (1) whistle blast means “STOP”
b. Two (2) whistle blasts means “GO”
 Proper stance of a traffic police officer while
conducting traffic direction and control

5. Verbal Cues
Traffic Police Officers rarely use their voices to
direct and control traffic.
But when drivers or pedestrians do not respond to
hand gestures or whistle techniques, the officer
may choose to politely approach them and verbally
explain what they must do.
 HAND GESTURES TO STOP TRAFFIC

1. Stand where you can be seen, which is normally in

the middle of the intersection.
2. Stand straight with weight of your body kept
balanced and show motorists that you mean
business.
3. With your right
hand, point your
index finger and
look straight to
the driver you
intend to “STOP”.
 HAND GESTURES TO STOP TRAFFIC

4. With your left hand, make one (1) full whistle blast
to call the attention of the driver.
5. Raise your right hand with your palm facing the
driver you intend to “STOP”.
6. Never lower your arms and never remove your
attention to the driver, until vehicle has come to a
complete stop.
7. Repeat the process for traffic in the opposite lane.
 HAND GESTURES TO START TRAFFIC
DURING DAYTIME

1. Stand where you can be seen, normally in the

middle of the intersection.
2. Stand straight with weight of your body kept
balanced, and show motorists that you mean
business.
3. With your right
hand, point your
index finger and
look straight
to the driver you
intend to “GO”.
 HAND GESTURES TO START TRAFFIC
DURING DAYTIME

4. With your left hand, make two (2) short whistle

blasts to call the attention of the driver.

5. Raise your hand with your palm facing the driver

you intend to “GO” and swing your hand up and
over your chin. Bend arm only at elbow and make
three (3) repetitions.

6. Repeat the process for traffic in the opposite lane.

 HAND GESTURES TO START TRAFFIC
AT NIGHT

1. Stand where you can be seen, normally in

the middle of the intersection.
2. Stand straight with weight of your body kept
balanced, and show motorists that you mean
business.
3. With your right hand,
point your index finger
and look straight to the
driver you intend to
“GO”.
 HAND GESTURES TO START TRAFFIC
AT NIGHT

4. With your left hand, make two (2) short

whistle blasts to call the attention of the
driver.

5. Raise your right hand with your palm facing

the driver you intend to “GO” and swing your
hand up and over your chin, bend arm only at
elbow and make three (3) repetitions.

6. Repeat the process for traffic in the opposite

lane.
 HAND GESTURES TO STOP TRAFFIC
AT NIGHT

1. Stand where you can be seen, normally in

the middle of the intersection.
2. Stand straight with weight of your body kept
balanced, and show motorists that you mean
business.
3. With your right
hand, point your
index finger and
look straight to
the driver you
intend to “STOP”.
 HAND GESTURES TO STOP TRAFFIC
AT NIGHT

4. With your left hand, make one (1) long

whistle blast to call the attention of the driver.
5. Raise your hand with your palm facing the
driver you intend to “STOP”.
6. Never lower your arms and never remove
your attention to the driver, until vehicle has
come to a complete stop.
7. Repeat the process for traffic in the opposite
lane.
 GESTURES TO MAKE RIGHT/LEFT TURN
AT NIGHT

1. Stand where you can be seen, normally in

the middle of the intersection.
2. Stand straight with weight of your body kept
balanced, and show motorists that you mean
business.
3. With your right
hand, point your
index finger and
look straight to
the driver you
intend to “GO”.
 GESTURES TO MAKE RIGHT/LEFT TURN
AT NIGHT

4. With your left hand, make two (2) short

whistle blasts to call the attention of the
driver.

5. Raise your right hand with your palm facing

the driver you intend to “GO” and swing your
hand up and over your chin, bend arm only at
elbow and make three(3) repetitions.

6. Repeat the process for traffic in the opposite

lane.
 HAND GESTURES TO MAKE
RIGHT/LEFT TURN AT DAYTIME

1. Stand where you can be seen, normally in the

middle of the intersection.
2. Stand straight with weight of your body kept
balanced, and show motorists that you mean
business.
3. With your right hand, point your index finger and
look straight to the driver you intend to “GO”.
4. Point your right arm to the direction you want the
driver to “GO”.
 HAND GESTURES TO MAKE
RIGHT/LEFT TURN AT DAYTIME

5. With your left hand, make a two (2) short whistle

blasts to call the attention of the driver.
6. Raise your right hand with your palm facing the
driver you intend to “GO” and swing your hand up
and over your chin, bend arm only at elbow and
make three (3) repetitions.
7. Repeat the process for traffic in the opposite lane.
 DONT’S IN CONDUCTING TRAFFIC
DIRECTION AND CONTROL

1. Never conduct a traffic direction

and control out of fun. This will
catch the attention of motorists
that may lead to accident or slow
down the flow of traffic.

2. Always remember that when you

conduct traffic direction and
control, you are the window of
your organization, you must act
accordingly and dignified at all
times.
 Techniques in traffic direction and control

1. Keep intersection open.

2. Never allow motorist to cross when they do not

have any exit point.

3. Stop motorists at designated stopping lane,

however, do not stop motorists near you. Provide
motorists sufficient distance to stop gradually.

4. Prefer to stop fast moving vehicles.

 Techniques in traffic direction and control

5. If two (2) or more traffic police officers are

conducting traffic direction and control, the first to
command must be identified by the team leader
and should be strictly followed by all members of
the team.
Factors to consider before assigning a police
officer to a traffic post

1. Personal safety of the traffic police officer

2. Visibility of the police officer to traffic
3. Visibility of the traffic to police officer
4. Non-obstruction to traffic by the police officer
5. Ability to effect necessary control
6. Accessibility to persons seeking information or
making complaints
 HOW TO HANDLE TRAFFIC CONGESTION (GRIDLOCK)

1. Upon arrival at the area, report the traffic situation

to the nearest police station.
2. Determine the cause of the traffic congestion.

If the traffic congestion is caused by vehicular

accident:
a. Immediately inform the nearest police station to
provide a Traffic Investigator and/or ambulance, if
there are fatalities or injuries;
 HOW TO HANDLE TRAFFIC CONGESTION
(GRIDLOCK)

b. Handle traffic accident as a First Responder only.

Conduct fast and immediate actions while keeping
in mind the complete processing of the accident;
and

c. Remove vehicles involved in the accident scene

(only if the investigation is end).
 HOW TO HANDLE TRAFFIC CONGESTION (GRIDLOCK)

If traffic congestion is caused by

mechanical trouble:
a. Assist motorist to move the vehicle to a place
where it will not obstruct the flow of traffic or
immediately contact towing service for the
removal of vehicle;
b. Back at your assigned traffic post, establish
yourself to conduct a systematic flow of
traffic;
c. Observe if the flow of traffic becomes
smooth; and
d. Implement proper traffic regulation to avoid
further traffic congestion/jam.
 RESPONDING TO THE ACCIDENT SCENE

1. The first priority in any response is the safe

arrival of emergency vehicles and personnel at
the accident site.
2. Follow the requirements of a first responder with
due regard to safety and extra care. Always
maintain a radio contact with your police station.
3. Always take the most efficient route that will
effectively position the response vehicles to
provide the best protection for the incident, while
giving consideration to its operational function.
 RESPONDING TO THE ACCIDENT SCENE

In order to provide safety at the scene while

conducting traffic direction and control, the
following should be considered:

a. Secure the incident site to protect

emergency personnel, their
equipment and the public from
hazardous conditions at the scene;
 RESPONDING TO THE ACCIDENT SCENE

In order to provide safety at the scene while

conducting traffic direction and control, the
following should be considered:

b. Establish a traffic control set-up that gives

motorists adequate warning and reaction time;
c. Separate pedestrians from vehicular traffic; and
d. Limit access to the site by authorized persons
only.
?