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Intro Phil Session 3 Arguments

This document outlines an introduction to philosophy session on doing philosophy through arguments. It defines what an argument is and discusses the components of valid, sound, and unsound arguments. Examples of different types of arguments are provided to demonstrate valid and invalid structures. Necessary and sufficient conditions for arguments are also defined. The session aims to explain the key elements of constructing and evaluating philosophical arguments.

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Rowena Cayog
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72 views

Intro Phil Session 3 Arguments

This document outlines an introduction to philosophy session on doing philosophy through arguments. It defines what an argument is and discusses the components of valid, sound, and unsound arguments. Examples of different types of arguments are provided to demonstrate valid and invalid structures. Necessary and sufficient conditions for arguments are also defined. The session aims to explain the key elements of constructing and evaluating philosophical arguments.

Uploaded by

Rowena Cayog
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to Philosophy

Session 3
Doing Philosophy: Arguments

ar·gu·ment
noun
1.1.
an exchange of diverging or opposite views, typically a heated or angry one.
"I've had an argument with my father"
2.2.
a reason or set of reasons given with the aim of persuading others that an action or
idea is right or wrong.
"there is a strong argument for submitting a formal appeal"
Introduction to Philosophy
Session 3
Doing Philosophy: Arguments

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cum3k-
Wglfw&list=PLtKNX4SfKpzX_bhh4LOEWEGy3pk
LmFDmk&index=1
Introduction to Philosophy
Session 3
Doing Philosophy: Arguments

VALID ARGUMENT
If premises are true, conclusion is true
Introduction to Philosophy
Session 3
Doing Philosophy: Arguments

Premise 1:
I D
You are either hungry or tired
L
A
Premise 2: You are not hungry

V
Conclusion: You are tired
Introduction to Philosophy
Session 3
Doing Philosophy: Arguments

Premise 1:
I D
All men are mortal
L
A
Premise 2: Socrates is a man

V
Conclusion: Socrates is mortal
Introduction to Philosophy
Session 3
Doing Philosophy: Arguments

Premise 1:
I D
All students are smart
L
A
Premise 2: Jennifer is a student

V
Conclusion: Jennifer is smart
Introduction to Philosophy
Session 3
Doing Philosophy: Arguments

Premise 1:
LI D
Some students are smart
Premise 2:
VA
Jennifer is a student

IN
Conclusion: Jennifer is smart
Introduction to Philosophy
Session 3
Doing Philosophy: Arguments

Premise 1:
LI D
Jennifer is a student
Premise 2:
VA
Jennifer is smart

IN
Conclusion: All students are smart
Introduction to Philosophy
Session 3
Doing Philosophy: Arguments

Premise 1: Peter is made of oatmeal


Premise 2:
LI D
Oatmeal is an animal

VA
Premise 3: All animals are yellow
Premise 4: Yellow is the same as green
Conclusion: Peter is green
Introduction to Philosophy
Session 3
Doing Philosophy: Arguments

Premise 1: A is made of B
Premise 2: B is C
LI D
VA
Premise 3: All C is f
Premise 4: f is the same as g
Conclusion: A is g
Introduction to Philosophy
Session 3
Doing Philosophy: Arguments

Premise 1:
LI D
7 is more than 2
Premise 2:
VA
McDonalds sells burgers

IN
Conclusion: Brooklyn is part of New York City
Introduction to Philosophy
Session 3
Doing Philosophy: Arguments

Premise 1:
LI D
A is more than B
Premise 2:
VA
C sells D

IN
Conclusion: E is part of F
Introduction to Philosophy
Session 3
Doing Philosophy: Arguments

SOUND ARGUMENT
A valid argument with true premises
Introduction to Philosophy
Session 3
Doing Philosophy: Arguments

D
Premise 1:
O UN
You are either hungry or tired
Premise 2:
T S
You are not hungry

NO
Conclusion: You are tired
Introduction to Philosophy
Session 3
Doing Philosophy: Arguments

Premise 1:
ND
All men are mortal
Premise 2:
U
Socrates is a man

SO
Conclusion: Socrates is mortal
Introduction to Philosophy
Session 3
Doing Philosophy: Arguments

ND
Premise 1:
U
All students are smart
O
Premise 2:

T SJennifer is a student

O
Conclusion: Jennifer is smart

N
Introduction to Philosophy
Session 3
Doing Philosophy: Arguments

ND
Premise 1:
U
Some students are smart
O
Premise 2:

T S
Jennifer is a student

O
Conclusion: Jennifer is smart
N
Introduction to Philosophy
Session 3
Doing Philosophy: Arguments

ND
Premise 1:
U
Jennifer is a student
O
Premise 2:

T S
Jennifer is smart

O
Conclusion: All students are smart
N
Introduction to Philosophy
Session 3
Doing Philosophy: Arguments

Premise 1:
ND
Peter is made of oatmeal
Premise 2:
O U
Oatmeal is an animal
Premise 3:
T S All animals are yellow

NO
Premise 4: Yellow is the same as green
Conclusion: Peter is green
Introduction to Philosophy
Session 3
Doing Philosophy: Arguments

Premise 1: A is made of B

?
Premise 2: B is C
Premise 3: All C is f
Premise 4: f is the same as g
Conclusion: A is g
Introduction to Philosophy
Session 3
Doing Philosophy: Arguments

ND
Premise 1:
U
7 is more than 2
O
Premise 2:

T S
McDonalds sells burgers

O
Conclusion: Brooklyn is part of New York City
N
Introduction to Philosophy
Session 3
Doing Philosophy: Arguments

ND
Premise 1: A is more than B
O U
Premise 2:

T S
C sells D

O
Conclusion: E is part of F
N
Introduction to Philosophy
Session 3
Doing Philosophy: Arguments
Introduction to Philosophy
Session 3
Doing Philosophy: Arguments
Introduction to Philosophy
Session 3
Doing Philosophy: Arguments

NECESSARY CONDITION
Q is true only if P is true

SUFFICIENT CONDITION
If R is true, then S is true
Introduction to Philosophy
Session 3
Doing Philosophy: Arguments

https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=9uOF3AZI_Gc&list=PLtKNX4SfKpzX_bhh4LOEWEGy3pkLmFDmk&index=8

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