Scribd
Upload
66 views18 pages

2 Drug Dosage Forms New - Lec 2

This document discusses various drug dosage forms including tablets, capsules, powders, syrups, suspensions, emulsions, ointments, lotions, creams, suppositories, aerosols, and injections. It provides details on the composition and purpose of common dosage forms like tablets, capsules, solutions, suspensions, and emulsions. The document aims to describe different ways drugs can be prepared and administered to patients.

Uploaded by

nipo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
66 views18 pages

2 Drug Dosage Forms New - Lec 2

This document discusses various drug dosage forms including tablets, capsules, powders, syrups, suspensions, emulsions, ointments, lotions, creams, suppositories, aerosols, and injections. It provides details on the composition and purpose of common dosage forms like tablets, capsules, solutions, suspensions, and emulsions. The document aims to describe different ways drugs can be prepared and administered to patients.

Uploaded by

nipo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 18

DRUG DOSAGE

FORMS
Dr.Abdul Latif Mahesar
DRUG DOSAGE FORMS
(DRUG
PREPARATIONS)

- Tablets , Capsules, Powder


- Syrups, suspensions , Elixer
- Aqueous suspension, Emulsion
- Ointment , Lotion, cream
- Suppository, pessary
- Aerosols
- Injections
DRUG DOSAGE FORMS cot’d
Tablet:
► Powdered drug(s) compressed into a disc

Capsule: ,
► Soluble small hollow container,
usually made of ------- gelatin /glycerin
used to enclose drug in
powder, granule or liquid form.

► May be used to conceal a ----- bitter taste


DRUG DOSAGE FORMS cont’d
Tablets & Capsule:
Enteric coated tablet / Capsules:
► coated with a substance that will not
dissolve until it reaches the small
intestine
► for drugs that are irritating to stomach
or to avoid any other adverse effects in
stomach
e.g. Ibuprofen
DRUG DOSAGE FORMS
Tablets & Capsule:
Sustained-release tablet / Capsule:
for continuous release of small doses of
the drug over an extended time period to
duration of action
dosing frequency
compliance
DRUG DOSAGE FORMS (DRUG
PREPARATIONS)
Powder:
very fine particles of drug(s) for
internal or external use

Effervescent powder / tablet:


► Drug mixed with sodium bicarbonate or
citric acid.
► When mixed with liquid, release carbon
dioxide,
causing effervescence (BUBBLING)
DRUG DOSAGE FORMS (DRUG
PREPARATIONS)
Aqueous solutions:
Drug(s) DISSOLVE in -----
WATER or NORMAL SALINE
Alcoholic solutions:
Drug(s) DISSOLVE in ALCOHOL
DRUG DOSAGE FORMS
Aqueous solutions:
e.g. Enemas ----- administered rectally --
for --- local -- or---
systemic effect
Gargles
Mouth washes
Nasal solutions
Otic solutions
DRUG DOSAGE FORMS (DRUG
PREPARATIONS)
Aqueous solutions:
Syrup:
aqueous solution saturated with
SUGAR
usually contain a flavoring agent that
assists in
disguising the taste of the drug
mixed
in syrup
DRUG DOSAGE FORMS
Alcoholic solutions:
Spirit or essence:
Volatile drug dissolved in alcohol.
Elixir:
Spirit that has been sweetened
and/or flavored.
Tincture:
Solution made by extracting from
the CRUDE (plant or vegetable) source those
constituents of a drug that are soluble in
alcohol.
DRUG DOSAGE FORMS
Aqueous suspension:
Finely divided SOLID PARTICLES
(POWDERS)
of a drug suspended in a FLUID.
They are NOT DISSOLVED in the
fluid.
DRUG DOSAGE FORMS (DRUG
PREPARATIONS)
Emulsion:
A preparation of one LIQUID distributed
in
small globules throughout the body
of a
second LIQUID
The dispersed liquid is the discontinuous
phase, &
the dispersion medium is the continuous
phase.
DRUG DOSAGE FORMS (DRUG
PREPARATIONS)
Emulsion:

Oil-in-water emulsion
Oil --- is the --- dispersed liquid &
aqueous solution -- is the --
continuous phase.
Water -in-oil emulsion
Aqueous solution -- is the –
dispersed phase &
oil --- is the ---- continuous phase.
Ointment
Drug or mixture of drugs added to a
semisolid base,
such as petroleum jelly or lanolin.
Some ointments contain a water soluble
base. For local effects
skin
eye
- systemic effect
transdermal application
(e.g., nitroglycerine)
DRUG DOSAGE FORMS
Lotion:
Liquid medicinal suspension applied
externally.
Various lotions are designed for
protection, lubrication, cleansing, cooling,
or antipruritic effects.
Cream:
emulsions that contain an aqueous
base
DRUG DOSAGE FORMS
Suppository:
► Drug mixed with a fatty base and molded
into shapes suitable for insertion
into the
rectum,
vagina, or
urethra.
► A urethral suppository is called a ----
bougie.
► A vaginal suppository is called a -----
pessary.
DRUG DOSAGE FORMS

Aerosols:
Aerosols are particles dispersed in a gas,
the particles being small enough to remain
in suspension for a long time instead of
sedimenting rapidly under the influence of
gravity; the particles may be liquid (fog) or
solid (smoke)
COMPOSITION OF TABLET
Active ingredient + other substances
Diluent:

Binder:

Lubricant:

Disintegrator:

Coloring agent:

Flavoring agent:

You might also like