Chapter

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 Learning Objectives

1. Explain the origins of the Internet and the web.

2. Explain how to access the web using providers and browsers.
3. Compare different web utilities including plug-ins, filters, file transfer utilities, and
Internet security suites.
4. Compare different Internet communications, including email, text messaging, instant
messaging, social networking, blogs, microblogs, Webcasts, podcasts, and wikis.
5. Describe search tools, including search engines and specialized search engines.
6. Evaluate the accuracy of information on the web.
Computing Essentials 2015

7. Identify electronic commerce, including B2C, C2C, B2B, and security issues.
8. Describe cloud computing, including the three-way interaction of clients, Internet,
and service providers.

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 Introduction

• The Internet is an interconnected mesh of computers and data

lines that connects millions of people and organizations.
• It is the foundation of the digital revolution.
• The web provides an easy-to-use interface to Internet resources
that has become an everyday tool.
• To be effective and efficient, end users need to be aware of the
resources available on the Internet and the web and how to
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access them.

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 The Internet and the Web

• The Internet is a large global network, connecting smaller networks all over the
globe
• The Internet was launched in 1969
• The United States funded project to develop a national computer network
• ARPANET (Advanced Research Project Agency Network)
• The World Wide Web or WWW was introduced in 1991 at CERN (Center for
European Nuclear Research)
• Email was the first “killer app”
• The Internet and the web are NOT the same
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• The Internet is the physical network that transports data(supports services unrelated to the
web, for example: email, file transfer, multiplayer video games, wire transfers, phone calls)
• The web is a multimedia interface to the resources available on the Internet

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 Common Internet Uses

• Communicating
• e-mail, photos, videos
• Discussions
• Shopping
• Searching
• Virtual libraries
• Education or
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e-learning
• Entertainment

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 Making IT Work for You ~ Online
Entertainment
• Use the Internet to locate and play movies and television shows
• Netflix, Hulu, Amazon Prime
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 Access

• Common way to access the Internet is through a

Internet Service Provider (ISP)
• Provide a connection for individuals to access the Internet
• Use telephone lines, cable, and/or wireless connections
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 Browsers

• Programs that provide access to web resources

• Allow you to explore the web by interpreting and
than displaying webpages
• Different browsers may interpret and display the
same web page differently, so web developers must
test websites on different browsers to make sure
they look good
• Popular Web browsers include:
• Mozilla Firefox
• Apple Safari
• Microsoft Internet Explorer
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• Google Chrome
• Address or location of the
resource must be specified
• URL (Uniform Resource Locator)

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 URLs

• URLs tell the computer • Top-level domain (TLD) or

were a file is located. Web Suffix
• Uniform Resource Locator • Identifies the type of
organization
• Has at least two parts
• Protocol
• Domain name
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 HTML and Hyperlinks

• Browsers interpret HTML

commands
• Hypertext Markup Language
• Display document as a web
page
• Hyperlinks or links
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• Connect to other web pages

• Text files
• Graphic images
• Audio and Video Clips

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 Interactive Web Sites

• Technologies used to provide highly

interactive and animated websites
• Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)
• JavaScript
• AJAX
• Applets
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• Mobile Browsers

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 Web Utilities

• Specialized utility programs that make using the Internet and

web safer and easier
• Plug-Ins
• Filters
• File Transfer Utilities
• Internet Security
Suites
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Return

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 Plug-Ins

• Programs that automatically start and operate as part of you

browser
• Plugins can slow down your browsing experience, so sometimes it
makes sense to temporarily disable them
• Plugins pose a security risk, which is another reason to temporarily
disable them
• Provide an enhanced browsing experience by enabling special file
formats and multimedia elements
• Acrobat Reader
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• Flash
• QuickTime
• Windows Media Player
Return

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 Filters

• Programs that block access to selected sites and

can set time limits
• Monitor total time spent on the Internet and at
individual web sites
• CyberPatrol
• Pearl Echo
• Norton Online Family
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• Net Nanny
• Symantec Web Gateway
Return

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 File Transfer Utilities

• Programs that help you upload and download files to and from
the Internet
• Downloading
• Uploading
• Three popular types of programs
• File transfer protocol (FTP) and secure file transfer protocol (SFTP)
• Web-based file transfer services
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• Bit-Torrent

Return

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 Internet Security Suites

• Designed to maintain your security and privacy while on the web

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 Email

• E-mail
• Transmission of electronic messages over the Internet
• Three elements
• Header
• Address

• Subject
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• Attachments
• Message
• Signature

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 Email

• Client-based e-mail system

• E-mail client
• How does Gmail make money?
• Showing you targeted advertisements based on the
automatic analysis of your emails
• Web-based e-mail system
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• Webmail

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 Spam

• Junk and/or unwanted e-mail

• Computer viruses or destructive programs
are often attached to unsolicited email
• CAN-SPAM Act
• Spam blockers / spam filters use a variety of
approaches to identify and control spam
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 Messaging

• Text messaging / texting

• SMS (short message service)
• Short electronic message
• Instant messaging
• Extension of email that provides direct, live
communication between two or more people
• Most programs include video conferencing features, file sharing
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and remote assistance

• Facebook Chat
• Google Talk

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 Social Networking

• Connecting people and organizations that share a common interest or activity

• Three most popular:
• Facebook
• Facebook Profiles
• Facebook Pages
• Facebook groups
• Google+
• Circles
• Hangouts
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• Sparks
• LinkedIn
• Business-oriented

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 Blogs, Microblogs

• Web logs or blogs – • Microblogs – short status

personal news pages that updates that answer the
are date/time-stamped question:
and arranged with the • What are you doing now?
most recent items shown
first
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 Webcasts, Podcasts, Wikis

• Webcast – streaming • Wiki – a specially designed

technology for live Web site that allows visitors
broadcast of audio to edit the contents,
and video supports collaborative
• Podcast-audio and writing
video files that can be
downloaded to your
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computer or media
player

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 Search Tools

• Search Services
• Specialized Search Engines
• Spiders
• Search Engines
• Content Evaluation
• Authority
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• Accuracy
• Objectivity
• Currency (how recent)

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 Electronic Commerce

• Also known as e-commerce

• Buying and selling of goods over the Internet
• Business-to-consumer (B2C)
• Consumer-to consumer (C2C)
• Business-to-business (B2B)
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Return

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 Business to Consumer (B2C)

• Fastest growing type of e-commerce

• Three most widely used B2C applications:
• Online banking
• Financial trading
• Shopping
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Return

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 Consumer to Consumer C2C

• Consumer-to-consumer e-commerce (C2C)

• Web auctions
• Similar to traditional auctions
• Person-to-person auction sites
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Return

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 Business to Business B2B

• Involves the sale of a product or service from one business to

another
• Primarily a manufacturer supplier relationship
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 Online payment Security

• Payment methods must be fast, reliable, and

secure
• options
• Credit card
• Digital cash
• Any online payment processor
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 Cloud Computing

• Shifts computing activities from users’ desktops to

computers on the Internet
• Frees end-users from owning, maintaining, and
storing software programs and data
• Three basic components:
• Clients (end-users)
• Service providers
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• The Internet

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 Careers In IT - Webmasters

• Develop and maintain websites and resources

• Backup of company website
• Update and develop new resources
• Work with the marketing
department to increase site
traffic and monitor the flow
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of customer interactions

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 A Look to the Future

• Car’s Dashboard as a power, Internet-connected

computing device
• Safety and diagnostic features are already there
• Potential distractions?
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 Open-Ended Questions (Page 1 of 3)

• Discuss the Internet, including their origins, the three generations of the
web, and the most common uses.

• Describe how to access the Internet. What are the providers? Define
browsers and discuss URLs, HTML, JavaScript, AJAX, Applets, and mobile
browsers.
Computing Essentials 2015

• What are Web utilities? Discuss plug-ins, filters, file transfer utilities, and
Internet security suites
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 Open-Ended Questions (Page 2 of 3)

• Discuss Internet communications, including client-based and web-based email,

instant and text messaging, social networking, blogs, microblogs, webcasts,
podcasts, and wikis.

• Define search tools including search services. Discuss search engines and
Computing Essentials 2015

specialized search engines. Describe how to evaluate the content of a web site.

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 Open-Ended Questions (Page 3 of 3)

• Describe electronic commerce, including

business-to-consumer, consumer-to-consumer, and business-to-business e-
commerce, and security.

• What is cloud computing? Describe the three basic components of cloud

Computing Essentials 2015

computing.

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