Organisational Behaviour: Unit - I Basic Behavioural Concepts
Organisational Behaviour: Unit - I Basic Behavioural Concepts
Unit - I
Basic Behavioural Concepts
Fundamentals of Psychology – Schools – Application – Personnel
psychology Industrial Psychological concept, scope, psychological tests, role
and functions of industrial psychologist- Organizational Behaviour -- Concept,
meaning objectives, approaches, Models- Historical development of OB ,
Hawthrone Experiments. Five anchors of Organisational Behaviour-
Organizational climate: meaning, importance, determinants, measurements.
What is Psychology?
• What is Psychology? Psychology is PRACTICAL. It
offers a vast store of information about issues that
concern everyone These issues range from broad social
questions (such as how to reduce the incidence of
mental illness), to highly personal questions (such as
how to improve your self control) Psychology
represents a way of thinking. It provides a way of
building knowledge that is relatively accurate &
dependable.
•
Definition of Psychology:
Functionalism:
• Functionalism was based on the belief that psychology should investigate the
function or mind, or what the mind does. Functionalist focused on the role of
behavior in allowing people to better adapt to their environment, & how
behavior allows people to satisfy their needs John Dewey, using this approach,
proposed ways through which the educational needs of the students can be met.
Perspectives
Gestalt Psychology:
Gestalt psychologists focused on the study of how perception is
organized. Their assumption was that: When considered together, the
basic elements that compose our perception of objects produce
something greater & more meaningful. In short, the whole is different
from the sum of its parts
Psychodynamic Perspective:
Psychodynamic perspective attempts to explain personality, motivation &
mental disorders by focusing on unconscious determinants of
behavior. Unconscious mind contains those thoughts, feelings,
memories, & desires that we are not aware of.
Perspectives
Behavioral Perspective: :
Behavioral Perspective: Behaviorism is based on the assumption that
scientific psychology should study only observable behavior. The
behaviorists relate overt behaviors (responses) to observable events in
the environment (stimulus) Therefore the behavioral approach is often
referred to as stimulus-response psychology
Humanistic Perspective: :
Humanistic Perspective: Humanistic perspective emphasizes the unique
qualities of humans especially their freedom & their potential for
personal growth. Humanists take an optimistic view of human nature.
Perspectives
Cognitive Perspective:
Cognitive perspective focused on the mental processes involved in
acquiring knowledge. Their key focus are issues such as: how people
know, understand, & think about the world, how we process
information, & how our ways of thinking about the world influence
our behavior.
Biological Perspective:
Biological perspective considers the behavior of organisms in terms of
biological functioning They take into account how heredity &
evolution influence our behavior, & the role of biological functioning
in regulating behavior of organisms.
Schools of
Psychology
THE MOST IMPORTANT APPROACHES (SCHOOLS) OF
PSYCHOLOGY
School of Description Important contributors
psychology
Structuralism Uses the method of introspection to identify the basic elements or Wilhelm Wundt, Edward B. Titchener
“stru ctures‖ of psychological experience