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Extraction of Aluminium: by Team 1: Amaan Anil Pratik Sakthi

Aluminum is extracted through the Hall-Heroult process. Bauxite ore, which contains aluminum oxide, is mixed with cryolite to lower its melting point. The mixture is electrolyzed in cells with carbon anodes and cathodes. At the cathode, aluminum ions gain electrons and are deposited as molten aluminum. At the anode, oxygen ions are released, reacting with the carbon to form carbon dioxide and monoxide. Overall, the process involves passing electricity through the electrolyte to separate aluminum from the oxygen in aluminum oxide. Aluminum is one of the most abundant metals and has a variety of applications due to its light weight, corrosion resistance, and electrical conductivity.

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58 views

Extraction of Aluminium: by Team 1: Amaan Anil Pratik Sakthi

Aluminum is extracted through the Hall-Heroult process. Bauxite ore, which contains aluminum oxide, is mixed with cryolite to lower its melting point. The mixture is electrolyzed in cells with carbon anodes and cathodes. At the cathode, aluminum ions gain electrons and are deposited as molten aluminum. At the anode, oxygen ions are released, reacting with the carbon to form carbon dioxide and monoxide. Overall, the process involves passing electricity through the electrolyte to separate aluminum from the oxygen in aluminum oxide. Aluminum is one of the most abundant metals and has a variety of applications due to its light weight, corrosion resistance, and electrical conductivity.

Uploaded by

SHREE
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© © All Rights Reserved
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EXTRACTION OF

ALUMINIUM
By Team 1:
Amaan
Anil
Pratik
Sakthi
Atomic number – 13 It is a silvery-white, Remarkable for its It is the third most
soft, non- low density and its abundant element

WHAT IS magnetic and ductil


e metal in the boron
group.
ability to
resist corrosion.
after oxygen and sili
con.

ALUMINIUM?

Most abundant It is 8.3% of the Mainly extracted Electronic


metal in the earth’s earth’s crust by from ore of Bauxite. Configuration :
crust. mass. 1s22s22p63s23p1
Aluminium is almost always used as an alloy, even if the
aluminium content is as high as 99%.
The most commonly used elements to combine with
aluminium to create an alloy are zinc, copper, silicon,
magnesium, and manganese.
Because of aluminium's high likelihood of binding with
FACTS oxygen, pure aluminium is almost never found in nature.

ABOUT Aluminium is extremely difficult to isolate from minerals


because it is extremely reactive.

ALUMINIUM The ores that contain aluminium have a very high


melting point, making extraction problematic.
Australia is the leading producer of the world's
aluminium.
Aluminum catches fire easily if exposed to flame when it
is in powdered form. It is also reactive with both acids
and alkalis.
COMMON USES

ALUMINIUM IS USED ALUMINIUM IS A DUE TO ITS LIGHT THE DUST OF THIS IT IS USED IN THE AS IT IS A SOFT IT IS THE MOST
IN A HUGE VARIETY GOOD ELECTRICAL WEIGHT IT IS USED IN METAL IS USED IN EXTRACTION OF METAL AND IT CAN COMMONLY USED
OF PRODUCTS CONDUCTOR AND AEROPLANES. PAINTS. MANGANESE AND BE MOULDED INTO METAL AFTER IRON.
INCLUDING FOILS, IS OFTEN USED IN CHROMIUM FROM ANY SHAPE IT IS
KITCHEN UTENSILS, ELECTRICAL ITS OXIDES. USED IN THE
WINDOW FRAMES TRANSMISSION MANUFACTURING
DUE TO ITS LOW LINES. IT IS CHEAPER OF STORAGE CANS.
DENSITY, NON- THAN COPPER AND
TOXIC, HIGH WEIGHT FOR
THERMAL WEIGHT IS ALMOST
CONDUCTIVITY TWICE AS GOOD A
AND MALLEABLE CONDUCTOR.
NATURE.
Purified Bauxite ore (Al2O3.xH2O) is the major source of aluminium till date
which is a mixture of hydrated aluminium oxide.

Hall-Heroult Process:

EXTRACTION
OF The Hall-Heroult process is widely used in the extraction of aluminium. In
Hall-Heroult’s process, pure Al2O3 is mixed with (Fluorspar)CaF2 or (Molten

ALUMINIUM Cryolite)Na3AlF6 . This results in lowering of the melting point (1173 K)of the
mixture and increases its ability to conduct electricity(As fused alumina is a
bad conductor of electricity). A iron tank with the lining of carbon and
graphite rods is used.

The carbon lining acts as cathode and graphite act as an anode. When
electricity is passed through the electrolytic cell which consists of carbon
electrodes oxygen is formed at the anode. This oxygen formed reacts with
the carbon of the anode to form carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. In
this method of production of aluminium for every 1 kg of Al produced,
approximately 0.5 Kg of carbon anode is burnt.
Aluminium ions are
created at the cathode
from the aluminium oxide
and then sink down
because they are heavier
than the solution from
where it is removed
periodically. On the other
side, at the positive
anode, the oxygen from
the aluminium oxide forms
and responds to carbon
dioxide CO2 with the
graphite carbon.
REACTIONS
The overall reaction is:
2Al2O3 + 3C → 4Al + 3CO2
At the cathode:
Al 3+ + 3e– → Al (l)
At the anode:
C (s) + O2- → CO (g) + 2e–
C (s) + 2O2- → CO2 (g) + 4e–
During the process of electrolysis,
Aluminium ions that are positively loaded gain electrons from the
cathode and form molten aluminium.
Oxide ions lose anode electrons and form molecules of oxygen
In the electrochemical sequence i.e. reactivity series, aluminium is
too big to be removed from its ore by carbon reduction. The
required temperatures are too high to be economical.
THANK YOU!!

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