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Diabetes Care Tasks at School:: What Key Personnel Need To Know

This document discusses nutrition, physical activity, and diabetes management tasks for school personnel. It aims to provide an understanding of basic meal plans, carbohydrate counting methods, benefits of physical activity for students with diabetes, and relevant guidelines. Key points covered include individualized meal plans, balancing food with insulin/medications, determining carbohydrate content of school meals, handling special events and field trips, and blood glucose monitoring in relation to physical activity. The overall goal is to support optimal health, learning, and school participation for students with diabetes.

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Keeny Praise Celeste
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47 views16 pages

Diabetes Care Tasks at School:: What Key Personnel Need To Know

This document discusses nutrition, physical activity, and diabetes management tasks for school personnel. It aims to provide an understanding of basic meal plans, carbohydrate counting methods, benefits of physical activity for students with diabetes, and relevant guidelines. Key points covered include individualized meal plans, balancing food with insulin/medications, determining carbohydrate content of school meals, handling special events and field trips, and blood glucose monitoring in relation to physical activity. The overall goal is to support optimal health, learning, and school participation for students with diabetes.

Uploaded by

Keeny Praise Celeste
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DIABETES CARE TASKS AT SCHOOL:

What Key Personnel Need to Know

NUTRITION AND
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org
Goal: Optimal Student Health
and Learning

Managing nutrition and


physical activity are
vital pieces of a
comprehensive plan.

1-800-DIABETES 2 www.diabetes.org
Learning Objectives
Participants will be able to understand:
• Basic meal plans for students with diabetes
• Nutrition calculation methods
• Physical activity benefits for students with diabetes
• Physical activity guidelines for students with diabetes

1-800-DIABETES 3 www.diabetes.org
Nutrition: Why be concerned?
• Good nutrition is important for everyone for
optimal health
• Nutrition planning is essential for good diabetes
control:
– maintain blood glucose within target range
– to prevent or delay complications
– to help children and teens grow and develop properly
– to achieve healthy weight
– promote optimal learning

1-800-DIABETES 4 www.diabetes.org
School Nutrition Management
• Student’s parent/guardian and health care team
determine an individualized meal plan
• A diagnosis of diabetes does NOT always limit
which foods a student can eat
• Meals & snacks need to be carefully timed to
balance physical activity and insulin/medications
• Encourage healthy eating for all students

1-800-DIABETES 5 www.diabetes.org
School Nutrition Management
Students with type 2 diabetes may need
additional accommodations to help manage
lipids, blood pressure and weight:
• May need support at meals and snacks to achieve
calorie level targets and consistent carb amounts
• Assure that healthy foods such as whole grains,
low-fat protein and dairy, fruits, and vegetables
are available

1-800-DIABETES 6 www.diabetes.org
Basic Meal Plans
Key: Balance insulin/medications with carb intake
• Most students have flexibility in WHAT to eat
– Basic Carbohydrate Counting
– Advanced Carbohydrate Counting

• Many students have flexibility in WHEN to eat


– More precise insulin delivery (pumps, pens)
– Rapid-acting insulins
– Time dosing of insulin according to DMMP
1-800-DIABETES 7 www.diabetes.org
Basic Carbohydrate Counting
• Calories from:
– carbohydrate
– protein
– fat

• Each nutrient type affects blood glucose differently


• Carbohydrate has the biggest effect on blood glucose
• TOTAL carbohydrate matters more than the source
(sugar or starch)

1-800-DIABETES 8 www.diabetes.org
Advanced Carbohydrate Counting
USING THE INSULIN-TO-CARB RATIO
The insulin-to-carb ratio:
– Varies from student to student
– Is determined by the student’s health care team
– Should be included in the DMMP
– Usually stated as a ratio of 1 unit of insulin to x grams
carbohydrate
– May vary from meal to meal for a student

1-800-DIABETES 9 www.diabetes.org
Using Insulin-to-Carb Ratio

Example: 1:10 Ratio

1 unit of insulin to be given


per 10 grams of carbohydrate eaten

60 gm meal / 10 gms = 6 units of insulin needed

1-800-DIABETES 10 www.diabetes.org
School Meals & Snacks

• Provide school menus and nutrition information


to student/parent/guardian in advance.
• Provide sufficient time for eating.
• Monitor actual food intake per DMMP
– young or newly diagnosed
– picky eaters
• Respect, encourage independence.
1-800-DIABETES 11 www.diabetes.org
Nutrition Information at School
The approximate carbohydrate content of school
meals can be determined in advance by the school
nutrition director and can be indicated on the school
menu for each item.

1-800-DIABETES 12 www.diabetes.org
Beyond the Routine: School Parties
• Provide parent/guardian with advance
notice of parties/special events
• Follow the student’s DMMP, 504 Plan
or IEP
• Some may prefer to bring their own
foods, but may eat what is available.
• Provide nutritious party snacks or non-
food treats for all
• Limit use of food as reward

1-800-DIABETES 13 www.diabetes.org
Beyond the Routine: Field Trips
• Notify school nurse as soon as trip is scheduled to
allow for consultation with parent/guardian about
food and/or insulin adjustments
• Bring plenty of quick-acting sugar sources to treat
hypoglycemia
• Bring lunch as appropriate
• Bring diabetes equipment and supplies, including
glucagon, if specified in DMMP
• Bring list of emergency contacts, copy of emergency
care plan
1-800-DIABETES 14 www.diabetes.org
Activity & Diabetes
Everyone benefits from physical activity.
Students with diabetes should fully participate.
In general, activity lowers blood glucose levels.
If there is insufficient insulin, physical activity can raise blood
glucose.

• May need to make adjustments to insulin/medications


and food intake, per DMMP
• A quick-acting source of glucose, glucose meter, and
water should always be available
• PE teachers and coaches must be familiar with
symptoms of both high and low blood glucose
1-800-DIABETES 15 www.diabetes.org
Activity & Blood Glucose Monitoring
Check before, during, and after physical activity per DMMP:

• Especially when trying a new activity or sport

• If blood glucose starts to fall, student should stop and


have a snack or quick-acting source of sugar

• Students with pumps may disconnect or adjust the basal


rate downward temporarily, prior to physical activity

1-800-DIABETES 16 www.diabetes.org

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