Environmental Impact

Statement System
PD 1586, DENR DAO 96-37, DENR DAO 2003-
30
Related Laws

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 Related Laws

• The PEISS takes its roots in the provisions of the

Philippine Constitution which states that “The
State shall protect and advance the right of the
people to a balanced and healthful ecology in
accord with the rhythm and harmony of nature”.
(Art. II, Sec. 16)

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 Related Laws
• PD 1151 (1977) – Philippine Environmental Policy
• PD 1586 (1978) – Establishment of the Philippine Environmental
Impact Statement System (PEISS) with the then National
Environmental Protection Council (NEPC) as the lead agency
• DENR DAO 96-37 – highlights the importance of public participation
and social acceptability in the environmental review process
• PP 2146 (1981) – proclaims certain areas & types of project as
environmentally critical and within the scope of the PEISS

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What is P.D.
1586?

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 What is PD 1586?

• Year of implementation – enacted and

implemented in 1978
• Purpose – to attain and maintain a rational and
orderly balance between socio-economic growth
and environmental protection
• Control area – nationwide

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 Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR)
• The IRR of PD 1586 are provided in five issuances
(1979-1984; 1984-1992; 1992-1996; 1996-2003; and
2003-present) which are all geared at rationalizing,
streamlining and simplifying the system.
• Among these policies, the Department of
Environment and Natural Resources Administrative
Orders (DAO) No. 21, series of 1992, No. 37, series of
1996 and No. 30, series of 2003 are the most relevant
and comprehensive legal pronouncements of the EIS
system. Your Logo or Name Here 7
 DAO No. 37, series of 1996
• The AO mandates for public consultations and
participation through the institutionalization of the
Multipartite Monitoring Team System (MMTS).
• The noted innovations of the AO included scoping
which considers full public participation,
environmental risk assessment, carrying or
assimilative capacity of the environment, the
presumption of public risk and accountability
statements of proponents and preparers, DENR and
stakeholders Your Logo or Name Here 8
 DAO No. 30, series of 2003
• The scope of the EIS System is based on two factors: (1) the nature of the
project and its potential to cause significant negative environmental impacts;
and (2) the sensitivity or vulnerability of environmental resources in the
project area.
• It further classifies the projects and areas to be covered by the EIS System into
four categories:
• Category A. Environmentally Critical Projects (ECPs) with significant potential
to cause negative environmental impacts
• Category B. Projects that are not categorized as ECPs, but which may cause
negative environmental impacts because they are located in Environmentally
Critical Areas (ECA’s)
• Category C. Projects intended to directly enhance environmental quality or
address existing environmental problems not falling under Category A or B
• Category D. Projects unlikely to cause adverse environmentalYourimpacts.
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 Social Acceptability and Public Participation

•The System has provisions for public

involvement and consultation, as
stipulated in DENR DAO No. 2003-30,
DAO No. 2017-15

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 Social Acceptability and Public Participation

•The System has provisions for public

involvement and consultation, as
stipulated in DENR DAO No. 2003-30,
DAO No. 2017-15

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 LGU Involvement
• At the local level, the following steps should be followed by
the LGU to assess impacts of proposed project
• Screening
• Scoping
• Analysis and EIA report
• EIS and project decisions
• ECC and environmental management plan
• Environmental monitoring and compliance

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Environmental Impact
Statement System

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 Coverage and Procedures

•The EIS system requires the completion of an

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and
preparation of an EIS report for any
environmentally critical project (ECP) or any
project located in an environmentally critical
area (ECA)

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 Environmentally Critical Projects

• Those that have high potential for significant

negative environmental impact.
• Has 4 major types:
• Heavy industries
• Resource extractive industries
• Infrastructure projects
• Golf course projects

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 Characteristics of Environmentally Critical Areas:
• Areas declared by law as natural parks, watershed
reserves, wildlife reserves, and sanctuaries
• Areas set aside as aesthetic, potential tourist spots
• Areas which constitute the habitat for any endangered or
threatened species of indigenous Philippine wildlife (flora
and fauna)
• Areas of unique historical, archeological, geological or
scientific interests
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 Characteristics of Environmentally Critical Areas:
• Areas frequently visited and/or hard hit by natural
calamities (geologic hazards, floods, typhoons,
volcanic activity, etc.)
• Areas of critical slope
• Areas classified as prime agricultural lands
• Recharged areas of aquifers
• Waterbodies
• Mangrove areas
• Coral reefs Your Logo or Name Here 17
 Projects Not Covered Under the System

• Projects that are not ECPs or not located in ECAs

• Projects or structures that have been operating
or existing since 1982, even if they are ECPs or in
an ECA.

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Environmental Impact
Assessment

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 Environmental Impact Assessment

• It represents both a process and a set of

information.
• It is the process of identifying, predicting,
evaluating and mitigating the biophysical, social
and relevant socio-economic effects of
development proposals or activities before
decision are being made for their approval.
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 Environmental Impact Assessment

• The real value of the EIA process is in the

reduction of adverse environmental impact as a
result of incremental decision making before a
proposed action reaches final decision-making
on whether it should be allowed to proceed or
not

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EIA Process

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 Overview of the National EIS System
Environmentally Critical Projects Projects in Environmentally Critical Areas
- EIS required - Project description and IEE required
- EIS may be required

DENR- EMB DENR- EMB Regional Office

ECC ECC ECC ECC

denied approved denied approved

Environmental Compliance
Certificate signed by DENR Environmental Compliance
Secretary Certificate signed by
Regional Executive Director

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 Review Process for
Environmentally Critical
Projects (ECPs)

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 Review Process for ECPs

•Proponents of projects classified as

ECPs are required to conduct an EIA
study and to submit an EIS report to
DENR’s EMB

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 Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC)

•Certifies that the project proponent has

complied with the procedures of the EIS
system.
•For ECPs, the EIS together with the
Committee’s report is sent to the Director of
the EMB, who also forwards it to the DENR
Secretary within 15 days
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Review Process for Projects
in Environmentally Critical
Areas (ECAs)

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 Review Process for ECAs

•IEE Submission
•IEE Review by DENR-EMB Regional
Office
•DENR-EMB Regional Office Report and
Recommendation
•DENR Regional Executive Director’s
Decision of IEE Your Logo or Name Here 29
 Considerations in the
Analysis of Environmental
Impacts

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INDIRECT AND INDUCED IMPACTS AS A RESULT OF
CASCADE OF EFFECTS
Land Clearing
Soil Erosion nutrient depletion

nutrients in run-
loss of farm sediment off
products delivery

aquatic weeds grow and

siltation of die
turbidity reservoir

Lowered dissolved
damage to fisheries
oxygen

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Thank You