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Functions and Relations: Decide Whether A Relation Is A Function and Use Function Notation

1. The document discusses functions and relations, defining a function as a relation where each input has exactly one output. It provides examples of functions and non-functions using ordered pairs and graphs. 2. It also covers function notation, evaluating functions, graphing linear functions, and identifying the domain and range of functions from equations, graphs, and sets of ordered pairs. 3. The key aspects are determining if a relation is a function based on the vertical line test and one-to-one correspondence, using function notation, evaluating functions for given inputs, and finding the domain and range.

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35 views

Functions and Relations: Decide Whether A Relation Is A Function and Use Function Notation

1. The document discusses functions and relations, defining a function as a relation where each input has exactly one output. It provides examples of functions and non-functions using ordered pairs and graphs. 2. It also covers function notation, evaluating functions, graphing linear functions, and identifying the domain and range of functions from equations, graphs, and sets of ordered pairs. 3. The key aspects are determining if a relation is a function based on the vertical line test and one-to-one correspondence, using function notation, evaluating functions for given inputs, and finding the domain and range.

Uploaded by

Anonymous PSFFFmp6
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Functions and Relations

Goal: Decide whether a relation is a


function and use function notation
Definitions
Relation - Any set of ordered pairs

Function -A type of relation


where there is exactly one
output for every input. For
every x there is exactly one y.
x y x y
1 6 1 6
2 7 2 7
Not a Function Function
y = 2x
x-y chart mapping
xy input output
-2 -4 -2 -4
-1 -2 -1 -2
0 0
00 1 2
12 2 4
24 Function
Determine whether the equation is a function.

y x x y
x y input output x y input output
-2 2 -2 0 2 -2 0 -2
-1 1 -1 1 -1 -1
0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0
1 1 1 1 1 1
2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2

Function Not a Function


Vertical Line Test - Functions
y y y y

x x x x

Function

y y y y

x x x x
Vertical Line Test - Functions
y y y y

x x x x

Function Function

y y y y

x x x x
Vertical Line Test - Functions
y y y y

x x x x

Function Function Not a


Function
y y y y

x x x x
Vertical Line Test - Functions
y y y y

x x x x

Function Function Not a Function


Function
y y y y

x x x x
Vertical Line Test - Functions
y y y y

x x x x

Function Function Not a Function


Function
y y y y

x x x x

Not a Function Not a Not a


Function Function Function
Tell whether the relation below is a function.
1) input output 3) y
0
1 x
Not a
5 Function
2 Function
3
2) x y 4) input output
-3 -1 -2 3
-3 0 4
Not a -1 Not a
-3 1 Function 5
0 Function
-3 2 6
Function Notation
y  2x  3 f (x)  2x  3
when x  1, y  5 f (1)  5
when x  2, y  7 f (2)  7
when x  3, y  9 f (3)  9
when x  4, y 11f (4)  11
f ( 4)  5
g(x)  x 2
h(x)  3x  2
Evaluate the following.
1) g(4)  16 5) h(4)  g(1) 
10  1  11
2) h( 2)  8 6) h( 5)  g( 2) 
17  4  68
3) g( 3)  9 7) g  h(3)  
g(7)  49
4) h(5)  13 8) h  g(2)  
h(4)  10
Evaluate the function over the domain,
x = -1, x = 0, x = 2.
1) f (x)  4x
{4, 0, 8 }
2) g(x)  3x  9
{12,  9,  3 }
3) h(x)  x  1
2

{ 0,  1, 3 }
Graph the linear function.
f (x)   x  3 f(x)
x f (x)
-3 6
-2 5
-1 4
x
0 3
1 2
2 1
3 0
Domain and Range
• Suppose, we are given a function from X into Y.

• Recall, for each element x in X there is exactly one


corresponding element y=f(x) in Y.

• This element y=f(x) in Y we call the image of x.

• The domain of a function is the set X. That is a collection


of all possible x-values.

• The range of a function is the set of all images as x varies


throughout the domain.
Name the Domain and Range
The following set of ordered pairs has a
limited number of points.
Ex:{(2,3),(-1,0),(2,-5),(0,-3)}
Domain:  1, 0, 2 
Range: 5,  3, 0, 3
*If a number occurs more than once, you do
not need to list it more than one time.
Name the Domain and Range
From a Graph

The set of ordered


pairs may be an
infinite number of
points as described
by a graph.

Domain:{all real numbers}


Range:{y:y≥0}
Find the Domain and Range
The set of ordered pairs may be an infinite number of points
as described by an equation.
Find the domain and range of y  x5
What limits do we have for x? x - 5 must be a positive
value so x – 5 > 0.
What limits do we have for y? Square roots are always
positive.
Domain:  x : x  5
Range:  y : y  0
More Examples

• Consider the following relation:

• Is this a function?
• What is domain and range?
Visualizing domain of
Visualizing range of
• Domain = [0, ∞) Range = [0, ∞)
Identify the domain and range.
Identify the domain and range.
Just a thought…
• Mathematical models that describe real-world
phenomenon must be as accurate as possible.

• We use models to understand the phenomenon and


perhaps to make a predictions about future behavior.

• A good model simplifies reality enough to permit


mathematical calculations but is accurate enough to
provide valuable conclusions.

• Remember, models have limitations. In the end, Mother


Nature has the final say.

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