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MODULE 1 Introduction To Globalization

This document provides an introduction to globalization. It discusses the history of globalization, noting that cultural exchange and trade have occurred for millennia but accelerated in the 20th century. Globalization refers to the intensification of political, economic, and social relations across borders. It is driven by technological advances, policies encouraging international business, outsourcing, education, and mass media. The document outlines advantages like reduced trade barriers but also disadvantages such as job losses and growing inequality between rich and poor nations.

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Queen Introvert
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779 views

MODULE 1 Introduction To Globalization

This document provides an introduction to globalization. It discusses the history of globalization, noting that cultural exchange and trade have occurred for millennia but accelerated in the 20th century. Globalization refers to the intensification of political, economic, and social relations across borders. It is driven by technological advances, policies encouraging international business, outsourcing, education, and mass media. The document outlines advantages like reduced trade barriers but also disadvantages such as job losses and growing inequality between rich and poor nations.

Uploaded by

Queen Introvert
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MODULE 1

INTRODUCTION
TO
GLOBALIZATION
History of Globalization
• It a fairly recent concept 1. Cultural exchange
and vocabulary 2. Dissemination of
• knowledge
• Emerged forcefully in 3. Trade of goods and
1990s services
• Important developments
• Its processes are as in early part of the 20th
old as history itself century accelerated
because human race these processes:
have always engaged in:
US China

Other
UK
countries

France
Globalization
Refers to the intensification
and expansion of political
relations across the globe

(Steger, Manfred B. https://en.wikipedia .org/wiki/Political-globalization)


Three Dimensions
1. Political
2. Economic
3. Social
Political

Economics

Social
Political Globalization
It refers to the
intensification and
expansion of political
relations across the globe.
Steger, Manfred B.
( https: //en.wikipedia .org/wiki/Political-globalization.)
Economic Globalization
• Refers to the widespread
international movements of
goods, capital , services ,
technology and information .
Social Globalization
Pertains to human interaction
within cultural communities
encompassing topics like
family, religion, work and
education.
Causes of Globalization
1. Technological Advances
2. Policies that encourage
international business relations
3. Business Outsourcing
4. Education
5. Mass Media
Advantages of Globalization
1.Reduce trade barriers such as tariffs
2. Represents free trade
3. Competition among countries
4. Chance for poor countries to develop
5. Globalization and democracy will go
hand in hand.
6. Worldwide market
7. World market is created instead of
compartmentalized power sector
8. Influx of information between
countries
9. Cultural intermingling
10. Financial interest, corporations
and government are trying to sort out
ecological problems
11. People have become more open and
tolerant towards each other.
12. Speedy travel , mass communications and
quick dissemination of information through the
internet .
13. Labour can move from one country to
another to market their skills.
14.Sharing technology with developing nations
will help them progress .
15. Transnational companies installing plants in
other countries provide employment.
Disadvantages of Globalization
1. Rich countries will become richer while the poor becomes
poorer.

2. Trade barriers are not really eliminated .

3. Jobs are lost in developed countries and transferred to lower


cost-countries.

4. Workers in developed countries like the United States face


pay-cut demand from employers who threaten to export jobs.

5. Large multi-national corporations put-up tax havens in other


countries to avoid taxes .
6. Multi-national corporations are accused of :
• Social injustice
• Unfair working conditions
• Lack of concern for the environment
7.Multi-nationals are increasingly influencing
political decisions .
8. Technologies are at risks of being copied or
stolen.
9. Globalization is not working for the majority of
the world.
10. Globalization leads to incursion of
communicable diseases like HIV/AIDS.
11. Leads to exploitation of labor.
12 . Social welfare schemes are under
great pressure in developed countries
like deficits and job losses.
References:
Collins, Mike (2015).Reinventing America
.https:www.forbes.com/sites/mikecollins/2015/05/06/
the-pros-and-cons-of-globalization/#15a8892cccce
Datco, Alison(2018)What is Social Globalization.https://
classroom.synonym.com/ what is globalization.
12084134.html.
Steger, Manfred (2016 ).https/enwikipedia.org/wiki/Political-
globalization.
Steger, Manfred (2014). The Global Studies reader. Second
Edition. Oxford University Press. Higher Education
Division.
Steger, Manfred B. (2008) The Rise of Global Imaginary.
Oxford University Press.

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