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Composite and Inverse Fun

This document discusses operations on functions including composite functions, function operations using notation, and examples of adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing functions. It also covers inverse functions and relations, including finding the inverse of a function using ordered pairs or graphically, and verifying two functions are inverses of each other. Examples are provided to illustrate composite functions, inverses, and determining if a function is one-to-one.

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Niejay Arcullo Llagas
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204 views

Composite and Inverse Fun

This document discusses operations on functions including composite functions, function operations using notation, and examples of adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing functions. It also covers inverse functions and relations, including finding the inverse of a function using ordered pairs or graphically, and verifying two functions are inverses of each other. Examples are provided to illustrate composite functions, inverses, and determining if a function is one-to-one.

Uploaded by

Niejay Arcullo Llagas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Operations on Functions

Composite Function: Combining a function within another


function. Written as follows:

f ( g ( x)) or ( f  g )( x)

Operations Notation:
Sum: f ( x)  g ( x) or ( f  g )( x)
Difference: f ( x)  g ( x) or ( f  g )( x)
Product: f ( x)  g ( x) or ( f  g )( x)
Quotient: f ( x) / g ( x) or ( f / g )( x)
Example 1 Add / Subtract Functions
f ( x)  3x 2  7 x
g ( x)  2 x 2  x  1

a) ( f  g )( x ) b) ( f  g )( x)
 f ( x)  g ( x)  f ( x)  g ( x)

 3x 2  7 x  2 x 2  x  1  3x 2  7 x  (2x 2  x 1)
 5x  6 x  1
2  3x 2  7 x  2 x 2  x  1
 x 2  8x  1
Example 2 Multiply / Divide Functions
f ( x)  3x 2  2 x  1
g ( x)  x  4

a) ( f  g )( x) b) ( f / g )( x)

 (3x 2  2x  1)( x  4) 3x 2  2 x  1

 3x3  2 x 2  x  12 x 2  8x  4 x4
 3x3  14 x 2  9 x  4 4 3 2 1
12 40
3 10 41

41
3 x  10 
x4
Example 3 Evaluate Composites of Functions
f ( x)  3x 2  x  4 Recall: (a + b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2
g ( x)  2 x  1

a) ( f  g )( x) b) ( g  f )( x)
 f ( g ( x))  g ( f ( x))
 f (2 x  1)  g (3x 2  x  4)
 3(2x 1)2  (2x 1)  4
 2(3x 2  x  4) 1
 3(4x 2  4x  1)  2x  1  4
 6x2  2x  8 1
 12 x 2  12 x  3  2 x  5
 6x2  2x  7
 12 x 2  14 x  8
Example 4 Composites of a Function Set
f ( x)  {( 7, 3), (5, 3), (9, 8), (11, 4)}
g ( x)  {( 5, 7), (3, 5), (7, 9), (9, 11)}

a) ( f  g )( x)

f ( g (5))  f (7 )  3
f ( g (3))  f (5)  3
f ( g (7))  f (9)  8
f ( g (9))  f (11)  4
( f  g )( x)  {( 5, 3), (3, 3), (7, 8), (9, 4)}
Example 4 Composites of a Function Set
f ( x)  {( 7, 3), (5, 3), (9, 8), (11, 4)}
g ( x)  {( 5, 7), (3, 5), (7, 9), (9, 11)}

b) ( g  f )( x)

g ( f (7))  g (3)  5
g ( f (5))  g (3)  5
g ( f (9))  g (8)  Undefined
g ( f (11))  g (4)  Undefined
( g  f )( x)  {( 7, 5), (5, 5)}
Inverse Functions and Relations

Inverse Relation: Relation (function) where you switch the


Domain and range values

Inverse Notation: f 1( x)

Inverse Properties: If f and g are inverses.


1] f (a)  b iff g (b)  a
2] f ( g ( x))  x and g ( f ( x))  x
Steps to Find Inverses
[1] Replace f(x) with y
[2] Interchange x and y
[3] Solve for y and replace it with f 1( x)

One-to-One: A function whose inverse is also a function


(horizontal line test)

Inverse is not a function


Example 1 Inverses of Ordered Pair Relations
f ( x)  {( 7, 3), (5, 3), (9, 8), (11, 4)}
g ( x)  {( 5, 7), (3, 5), (7, 9), (9, 11)}

a) f 1( x)  {( 3, 7), (3, 5), (8, 9), (4, 11)}

b) g 1 ( x)  {( 7, 5), (5, 3), (9, 7), (11, 9)}


Inverses of Graphed Relations

The graphs of inverses are reflections


about the line y=x
Example 2 Find an Inverse Function

1 x4
a) f ( x)   x  1 b) g ( x) 
2 2
1 x4
y   x 1 y
2 2
1 y4
x   y 1 x
2 2
2x  y  4
1
x 1   y
2 2x  4  y
 2x  2  y g 1( x)  2x  4
f 1( x)  2 x  2
Example 2 Continued

c) f ( x)  x  2 d) f ( x)  x 2  4
y  x2 y  x2  4
x  y2 x  y2  4
x  y2
2 x  4  y2
f 1
( x)  x  2
2 f 1 ( x)   x  4

Inverse is not a 1-1 function. (BUT the


inverse is 2 different functions:
f 1 ( x)  x  4 f 1 ( x)   x  4

If you restrict the domain in the original


function, then the inverse will become a
function.
Example 3 Verify two Functions are Inverses
1
f ( x)  5 x  10 g ( x)  x  2
5
a) Method 1 b) Method 2
y  5 x  10 Show that f ( g ( x))  x
x  5 y  10 1 
x  10  5 y f ( g ( x))  5 x  2   10
5 
1 1
f ( x)  x  2  x 10  10
5
x
Yes, Inverses
Yes, Inverses
Example 4 One-to-One (Horizontal Line Test)
Determine whether the functions are one-to-one.
a) f ( x)  x  2 b) f ( x)  x 2  4

One-to-One Not One-to-One

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