ELEMENTS

OF
COMMUNIT
Y
STRUCTUR
ES
PRESENTED BY:

REGIS , RICA TABALNO

BS ARCHITECTURE 4C
Community: A group of people who live in the
same area (such as city, town, or
neighborhood).

Structures: the way that something is built,

arranged, or organized.

Elements: A particular part of something.

PATHS
LANDMARKS
MAJOR
NODES ELEMENTS
DISTRICTS • Definition

EDGES
PATH
- These are the circulation links of the
city, vital to the way people perceive their
city.
- A channels along which the observer
customarily, occasionally, or potentially
moves.

• Streets
• Walkways
• Transit lines
• Canals
• Railroads 4
Can this be consider
as a PATH?
Of course….

- Even a single and little way can be

considered as path as long as one
can benefit and go through that
specific way .
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Examples

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EDGES
- Boundaries or transition
areas from one land use or
district to another are important
features of a city.
- Are the linear elements not
used or considered as paths by the
observer.

• Boundaries between two

faces
• Linear breaks in continuity
• Shores
• Railroads cuts
• Edges of development
• Walls
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Can you see the EDGES of
the cube?

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DISTRICTS
- Cities are often comprised of
different areas that have their own
distinguishing visual and functional
qualities.
- medium to large sections of the city,
conceived of as having two dimensional
extents, which the observer mentally enter
“inside of”, and which are recognizable
as having some common, identifiable from
the inside; they are also for exterior
reference if visible from the outside.

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NODES
- Points, the strategic spots in a city into
which an observer can enter,
and which are the intensive foci to and
from which he is travelling.

- Primarily junctions, places of a break in

transportation, a crossing of
convergence of paths, moments
of shift from one structure to another.

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- This is sometimes called as a
cores. It partakes the nature, both
junctions and concentration.

- the concept of this node is related

to the concept of path, since
junctions typically the convergence
path, events of the journey.
- It is similar concept of district, since
cores are typically the intensive foci
of districts, there polarizing center.
- Some nodal points are to be found
in almost every image, and certain
cases they may be the dominant
feature.
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Example:
LANDMARKS:
- Visually prominent special
buildings,
geographic features and important cultural
centers can symbolize the special sense of place of
a city and help to orient visitors and residents as
they move about.
- Another point of reference, where in the observer
does not enter within, they are external.
- They are simply defined physical object:
- building
- sign
- store
- mountain

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 A’san ba - Other landmarks are primarily local, being
bahay ko? visible only in restricted localities and from
certain approaches. These are innumerable
signs, store fronts, trees, door knobs and other
urban detail, which fill in the image of most
observers. They are frequently used clues of
identity and even of structure, and seem to be
increasingly relied upon a journey becomes
more and more familiar.

LAND + MARK

=
LANDMARK
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EXAMPLES:

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 EDGES

PATHS DISTRICT
HOW CAN WE IDENTIFY
THESE MAJOR
ELEMENTS?

NODES LANDMARKS
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Overview
of the
elements
By Regis

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SIGNAGES AND
GREEN
BUILDING
MINOR ELEMENTS IN THE STRUCTURE OF
COMMUNITY

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- Signs have huge impact on the visual quality of
streets, commercial areas and the community as a
whole. A well-coordinated sign program can be both
informative and attractive, providing variety and
color to the environment.

- As design policies established, it is useful to consider

signs at three different scales and functions:
- Large scale arterial signs
- Smaller scale signs
- City signs and graphics

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Types of urban SIGNAGES

1. LOCATION SIGNAGES
- provide information about direction to specific
department or location within the store. These are way finding
signage's.

2. INFORMATIONAL SIGNAGES
- provide information about product or service related
features, benefits and prices.

3. EDUCATIONAL SIGNAGE
- educates about social cause and awareness

4. INSTITUTIONAL SIGNAGE
- provide information about store policies or charitable
events of the store.

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 • Continue to enhance and develop the city’s
graphics and sign program for street signs,
parks, public facilities and other civic areas.
Ameliorat
e
• For commercial centers along arterial
corridors, encourage monument signs that Visually
are clearly visible, identify key uses and
reflect the design theme of the development. visible
SIGNAGES
• Within commercial centers, use
complementary, yet distinctive, sign styles. integrate POLICIES

• Encourage high quality signage, including

wall signs, raised letter signs, projecting
double-faced signs and customized logos, Durable
which complement the architecture of the
building or center of which it is apart.
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Example:
WHAT COLORS DO YOU THINK HARMONIZE
WITH THIS COLOR?

RED

W YELLOW

H GREEN

I BLUE

T VIOLET

E BLACK

GRAY
• Discourage signs that
incorporate blinking or
flashing element, pole
structures, roof signs or the
use of temporary lettering
or structures.
SIGNAGES
• Encourage and develop POLICIES
smaller-scale, customized,
pedestrian-oriented signs
within the Town Center.
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ACTION:

• Develop s a sign guidelines manual with examples of

appropriate signs of various scales for arterials,
commercial centers and the Town Center. Maximum
height limits would need to be defined.
• In this age of rising energy cost and
eliminated available land, designers, the
development community, homeowners and GREEN-ORIENTED
cities are seeing increasing benefits in “green
building” design and environmentally-
responsible development. GREEN BUILDING AND
PLANNING PRACTICES
POLICIES

• design practices that conserve resources,

increase energy efficiency and reduce
negative impacts on the natural environment.
ELIMINAT
E

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Is this image a GREEN
ONE ?

YE
S
- Help penetrate the
rainwater easily and faster
than the usual one.
Is this image a GREEN
ONE ?

YE
S
- Canopied
- Green wall
- Openings
- Well lighted

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Is this image a GREEN
ONE ?

NO!
- Improper orientation of building
- Placement of window
- Too fixed
- Not sustainable
- Not resilient

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POLICIES
1. Encourage landscaping practices that
increase energy efficiency and conserve
natural resources such as:
a. Planting trees and incorporating
landscaped berms to provide shade
and wind buffering.

2. Using native and drought-tolerant

landscaping (“Xeriscaping”) and drip irrigation
to conserve water resources.

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3. Encourage designs that channel runoff to permeable
surfaces.

4. Encourage transit-oriented, infill development to make

efficient use of existing land.

5. Encourage site planning and building orientation that

maximizes solar and wind resources for cooling and heating.

6. Encourage the use of ecologically sound building

materials such as those made of recycled content and
contain low amounts of volatile organic compounds (VOC’s)

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7. During construction, require
developers and builders to
protect topsoil in order to reduce
dust and runoff impacts.

8. Encourage local recycling and

composting initiatives at the
neighborhood level.

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 ACTIONS:
1. Participate in the CEEP (Community Energy Efficiency
Program) certificate and recognition programs.
2. Adopt LEED (Leadership in Energy and
Environmental Design) design standards for public
buildings.
3. Provide a “green planning” site design initiatives,
such as density or height bonuses, reduced parking
requirements, reduced processing fees and
expedited plan checks.
4. Continue to use water and energy conservation
practices in all public buildings and or City property.
5. Sponsor community outreach and educational
programs that encourage local schools to study and
participate in green building design practices.
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THANK YOU

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