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Triglyceride Biosynthesis My

Triglycerides are fats that come from food and are stored in our bodies. When we eat more calories than we need, our bodies convert excess calories into triglycerides and store them in fat cells. Triglycerides are made up of a glycerol molecule bonded to three fatty acid molecules. High levels of triglycerides can increase the risk of heart disease. Maintaining a healthy diet, exercising regularly, avoiding excessive alcohol, and maintaining a healthy weight are ways to keep triglyceride levels in check.

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Fareeha Ali
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979 views22 pages

Triglyceride Biosynthesis My

Triglycerides are fats that come from food and are stored in our bodies. When we eat more calories than we need, our bodies convert excess calories into triglycerides and store them in fat cells. Triglycerides are made up of a glycerol molecule bonded to three fatty acid molecules. High levels of triglycerides can increase the risk of heart disease. Maintaining a healthy diet, exercising regularly, avoiding excessive alcohol, and maintaining a healthy weight are ways to keep triglyceride levels in check.

Uploaded by

Fareeha Ali
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Triglyceride Biosynthesis

Introduction

 Triglyceride is actually fat in your blood that is stored


in your body.
 These fats come from foods that we eat.
 Our body can also make these fats from starchy or
sugary foods.
 When food is eaten at a meal and not used soon for
energy then it is changed to triglyceride and stored in
fat cells. This stored fat can later be used for energy
by the body.
 Lipids: Lipid is a general term that describes substances that
are relatively hydrophobic: water-insoluble and extractable by
non-polar solvents.
 TAGs are esters of the alcohol glycerol reacting with fatty
acids.
 Esters: esters are classes of chemical compounds.
 Glycerol: Glycerol has three hydroxyl groups that are
responsible for its solubility in water and its hygroscopic
nature.
 Fatty acid is a carboxylic acid with a long aliphatic tail (chain),
which is either saturated or unsaturated. Most naturally
occurring fatty acids have a chain of an even number of carbon
atoms, from 4 to 28.
STRUCTURE OF TRYGLYCERIDES
Triglycerides in Animals

 Animals store their energy in


triglycerides with high
melting points which are
solid at room temperature.
 These triglycerides
 are referred to as fats.
 result from reaction
between glycerol and a
saturated fatty acid e.g.
stearic acid.
Triglycerides in Plants

 Plants store their energy


in triglycerides with low
melting points which are
liquid at room
temperature.
Triglycerides in Cells

 Triglycerides are insoluble


in water because they
have no charge i.e. they
have covalent bonds. This
causes them to form
droplets in the cytoplasm.
Functions of Triglycerides:

 Energy storage –
 Source of metabolic water
 Source of metabolic water
–water is released on
the breakdown of
triglycerides and this
property is used efficiently is
by desert mammals.
 Insulation – triglycerides
are found in the blubber
of whales and other
aquatic animals.
 Buoyancy – aquatic
animals use triglycerides
to help them float as they
are less dense than water.
Liver
and
kidney
Biosynthesis of triacylglycerol
How Non-polar TAG is
Transported from Intestine to the Liver
and other Tissues by the Blood? ….
and other Tissues by the Blood?
Hypertriglyceridemia

 This means that there is too much fat in the blood. The
fat can clog the blood vessels.
 Clogged blood vessels can raise your risk for heart
attack or stroke.
What should be your triglyceride level?

The National Cholesterol Education Program guidelines are as follows:

 Normal level Less than 150 mg./dL.


 Borderline-High150 to 199 mg./dL.
 High200 to 499 mg./dL.
 Very High500 mg./dL. or higher
NOTE: The above results are based on an overnight fast from food and
alcohol.
How can you lower you high
triglycerides?
 1. If you are overweight, cut down on calories to lose weight. Your
healthcare
 provider or dietitian can help you set a goal weight.
 2. If you drink alcohol, decrease or cut out the amount. Small amounts of
alcohol
 can raise your triglyceride levels.
 3. Be physically active for at least 30 minutes each day on most days. One
hour
 of physical activity each day is the best target to work toward.
 4. If you smoke, get help to stop.
 5. Follow recommended dietary intake shown on the back.
 6. Eat small, frequent meals.
 7. Limit sugar intake.

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