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The Compound Microscope

The compound microscope has three main parts: magnifying parts, illuminating parts, and mechanical parts. The magnifying parts include the objective lens and ocular lens, which enlarge the specimen. The illuminating parts supply light to the specimen using a mirror, condenser, and iris diaphragm. The mechanical parts support and move the microscope components and include the stage, body tube, objectives, and adjustment knobs.

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2K views15 pages

The Compound Microscope

The compound microscope has three main parts: magnifying parts, illuminating parts, and mechanical parts. The magnifying parts include the objective lens and ocular lens, which enlarge the specimen. The illuminating parts supply light to the specimen using a mirror, condenser, and iris diaphragm. The mechanical parts support and move the microscope components and include the stage, body tube, objectives, and adjustment knobs.

Uploaded by

Alrei D Mea
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The Compound

Microscope
Parts and Functions
Microscopy
Microscopes – produce an enlarged image of
an object
• Used to study organisms, cells, and cell parts
• Increase in apparent size is called magnification
• The ability to show details clearly is called resolution
• Microscopes vary in both magnification and
resolution
Parts of the Compound
Microscope
The compound microscope has three main
parts:
• Magnifying parts
• Illuminating parts
• Mechanical Parts
Magnifying Parts
The magnifying parts are used to enlarge
the view of specimens. It includes the
following:
1.Objective lens
2.Ocular lens / Eyepiece
1. Objective Lens
The most important of the optical parts.
Commonly, there are three or four
objective lenses:
• Scanner
• low power objective (LPO)
• high power objective (HPO)
• oil immersion objective (OIO)
Objective Lens
•Scanner – marked with a red line and
the shortest among the other objective
and is usually marked 4x.
•low power objective (LPO) – marked
with a yellow line and usually have a
magnification power 10x. It locates and
shows the structure of the specimen.
Objective Lens
• high power objective (HPO) – is a long and
slender and is usually marked 40x or 60x. It
shows the detailed structure of the specimen.
• oil immersion objective (OIO) – is a special type
of objective lens; it may be long or short. It is
used to increase the resolution of microscope. It
has a small lens at its end that is usually marked
99x or 100x. A drop of cedar oil is used on the
specimen before it is viewed under the lens.
2. Ocular lens / Eyepiece
Magnifies the image formed by
the objectives. It is attached to the
upper end of the microscope and
usually marked 5x, 10x, 15x or 20x.
Illuminating Parts
The illuminating parts are used to supply
light to the slide on the stage. Following
are these parts:
1.Mirror
2.Numerical Aperture
3.Condenser
4.Iris Diaphragm
1. Mirror
- collects and reflects light from an external
light source up into the microscope. It has
adjustable sides that may be plain or concave.
2. Numerical aperture
- measures the microscope’s ability to gather
light an resolve fine details of a specimen at a
fixed distance.
3. Condenser
- directs the maximum amount of light upon
an object.

4. Iris Diaphragm
- a flat disc located beneath the condenser. It
has an adjustable opening or aperture hat may
be reduced or enlarged to any size by adjusting
its lever.
Mechanical Parts
The mechanical parts are used to support and
move parts of the microscope. Following are these
parts:
1. Arm 7. Revolving nosepiece
2.Stage 8. Base
3. Stage Clips 9. Inclination joint
4.Body tube
5. Draw tube
6.Adjustment knobs
1. Arm
- the bent or curved structure that supports
the stage and body tube.
2. Stage
- the platform where the slide is placed.
3. Stage Clips
- hold the prepared slide firmly on the stage.
4. Body tube
- holds the draw tube and connects the
eyepiece to the objectives.
5. Draw tube
- houses the ocular lens. It is fitted inside the
upper end of the body tube.
6. Adjustment Knobs
- bring the objects into focus so that the view
of the specimen appears sharp and clear.
7. Revolving nosepiece
- supports the objectives and enables them
to be positioned in the desired place.
8. Base
- anchors the microscope firmly on the table.
9. Inclination joint
- allows the upper part of the microscope to
be bent.

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