Consumer Perception
Consumer Perception
Perception
5-2
Elements of Perception
• Elements of Perception
• Absolute threshold
• Differential threshold
• Differential threshold
5-3
Sensation
5-4
Differential Threshold or j.n.d
• The minimal difference that can be detected
between two similar stimuli
5-5
Weber’s Law
• the stronger the initial stimulus, the greater
the additional intensity needed for the second
stimulus to be perceived as different
5-6
Marketing Applications
of the JND
• Need to determine the relevant j.n.d. for their
products
– so that negative changes are not readily
discernible to the public
– so that product improvements are very apparent
to consumers
5-7
Subliminal Perception
• Perception of very weak or rapid stimuli
received below the level of conscious
awareness
5-8
Is Subliminal Persuasion Effective?
5-9
Aspects of Perception
Selection
Organization
Interpretation
5-10
Perceptual Selection
• Conscious and unconscious screening of
stimuli
5-11
Perceptual Selection
• Depends on three major factors
–Consumer’s previous experience
–Consumer’s motives
–Nature of the stimulus
5-12
Concepts Concerning Selective
Perception
Selective Exposure
Selective Attention
Gestalt Perceptual Defense
Psychology Perceptual Blocking
5-13
Perceptual Selection – Cont’d
• Selective exposure
– Consumers actively choose stimuli that they want
to see
• Selective attention
– Consumers decide how much attention they will
pay to a stimulus
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Perceptual Selection – Cont’d
• Perceptual defence
– Consumers screen out psychologically threatening
stimuli
• Perceptual blocking
– ‘tuning out’ of stimuli
5-15
Principles of Perceptual Organization
• Figure and ground
– Definition of figure depends on the
background
• Grouping
– Information is organized into chunks
• Closure
– Incomplete stimuli create tension
5-16
Influences of Perceptual Distortion
• Physical Appearances
• Stereotypes
• First Impressions
• Jumping to Conclusions
• Halo Effect
5-17
Issues In Consumer Imagery
• Product Positioning and Repositioning
• Perceived Price
• Perceived Quality
• Price-Quality Relationship
• Perceived Risk
5-18
Perception and Marketing Strategy
• Make perceptual selection work in your favour
– Increase accidental exposure
– Use the j.n.d
– Draw attention to your ad using contrast and
other principles
– Find creative ways to reduce blocking
» continued
5-19
Perception and Marketing Strategy
• Ensure that consumers organize and interpret
messages correctly
• Develop suitable consumer imagery
• Find ways to reduce perceived risk
5-20