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Architecture From The Early Age

Byzantine sculptures primarily featured religious themes and scenes of everyday life, often using animals and plants as symbols. Ivory carvings like the Barberini Diptych were early examples of Byzantine art. Romanesque sculptures included reliquaries, altarpieces, crucifixes and other devotional objects, usually made of precious materials for royalty. Gothic sculptures had greater freedom of style and projection from the wall. Figures were given distinct poses rather than set patterns and looked more lively and realistic.

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Monica Avelino
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243 views

Architecture From The Early Age

Byzantine sculptures primarily featured religious themes and scenes of everyday life, often using animals and plants as symbols. Ivory carvings like the Barberini Diptych were early examples of Byzantine art. Romanesque sculptures included reliquaries, altarpieces, crucifixes and other devotional objects, usually made of precious materials for royalty. Gothic sculptures had greater freedom of style and projection from the wall. Figures were given distinct poses rather than set patterns and looked more lively and realistic.

Uploaded by

Monica Avelino
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Byzantine Sculptures

The dominant themes in Byzantine sculptures are religious, everyday life scenes, and motifs
from nature.
Animals were used as symbols (dove, deer, peafowl) while some had acrostic signs (form of
writing in which a message is formed by taking the first letter, syllable, or word of different lines
and putting them together) that contained a great theological significance.

The Barberini Diptych


 An early example of Byzantine
Ivory work
ROMANESQUE SCULPTURES
Some of the famous sculptural pieces are reliquaries, altar frontals, crucifixes,
and devotional images. Small individual works of art were generally made of
costly materials for royal and aristocratic patrons. These lightweight devotional
images were usually carried during processions both inside and outside the
churches.

Last Judgement
Tymapnum( an architectural
element within the arch or
pediment) of the west portal,
cathedral of saint-Lazare, Autun
Burgundy France, c. 112035 by
Gislebertus
GOTHIC SCULPTURES
Gothic sculptures have a greater freedom of style. They no
longer lay closely against the wall, but begun to project outward.
Figures were given their own particular attitudes instead of being
set into particular patterns and are more lively and realistic.

Resurrection of the Virgin


End of the 21th Century
Cathedral Amiens.
ARCHITECTURE FROM THE EARLY AGE
Pre-Historic Architecture
Man has developed a form of architecture
based on megaliths ( a big rock) from the Greek
word lithos (“stone”) and megas (“big”). This
architecture is made of huge stone blocks which
were probably intended for burial.
Megalithic monuments have always ignited
man’s imagination. They provided plenty of
legends and superstitions. During this era, stones
and rocks were associated with divinity.
THREE MAIN TYPES OF MEGALITH STONES
1.Menhir: a huge stone standing
vertically on the ground, usually
standing in the middle of the field
or arranged in rows.

2. Dolmens: the word dolmen originated


from the expression taol maen, which
means “stone stable.” these structures
are in form of table consisting of two
huge standing stones supporting a
horizontal giant stone. It is believed
that it served as grave or as an altar.
3. Cromlech: a Brythonic word where crom means “bent” or “curved”
and llech which means “slab” or “flagstones”. Literally it is a circle of
standing stones.

Stonehenge: best preserved megalithic


site in Europe, a group of stones arranged
in concentric circles, with a large external
circle of triliths (Greek word meaning
“three stones”), two internal circles built in
a similar manner and altar shaped stone in
the center. It is a temple where rituals were
held. The structure and the movement of
the sun in the sky have connection in terms
of identifying the change of the seasons
which helped the primitive man on their
rituals and on their agriculture practices.
EGYPTIAN ARCHITECTURE
this architectural style was developed during the pre-dynasty period 4,000BC.
Characteristics of Egyptian Architecture:
1. They structure has thick sloping walls with few openings to obtain stability.
2. The exterior and interior walls along with columns and piers were covered
with hieroglyphics and pictorial frescoes and carvings painted in brilliant
colors.
3. Ornamentations were symbolic including scarab (sacred beetle),solar disk,
vulture, and common motifs (palm leaves, buds, flower of lotus, and papyrus
plants).
4. Temples were aligned with astronomically significant events like solstices
(comes from the Latin word Sol, meaning “sun” and stitium meaning
“stoppage,” as the sun appears to stand still on the first day of winter) and
equinox (a time or date when day and night are of equal length) with precise
measurements required in determining the moment of that particular event.
Pyramids of Giza
The Pyramids of Giza are the most substantial ancient structures of the world.
The three pyramids are the funerary structures of the three kings of the fourth
dynasty (2575 to 2465 BC) namely:

Khufu (cheops) whom the


Great Pyramid was
attributed to; Khafa
(Chepren) whom the
pyramid next to the Great
Pyramid is attributed; and
the smallest is attributed to
Menkaura (Mycerinus).

These pyramids were made highly confusing and with many tunnels to
create confusion for grave robbers.
Mastaba
It is a type of Egyptian
tomb in the form of a flat-
roofed, rectangular
structure with outward
sloping sides. It was made
of mud-bricks or stones.

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