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Chapter 2 Science and Technology in Society

This document provides a historical overview of science and technology. It discusses the evolution of science from natural philosophy to the scientific revolution and modern empirical methods. Key technological developments include the Stone, Copper/Bronze, and Iron Ages characterized by tool invention. The industrial revolution in the 20th century accelerated progress in fields like communication, transportation, and research. Recent centuries saw advances in computers, biotechnology, materials science, and other emerging technologies.

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767 views

Chapter 2 Science and Technology in Society

This document provides a historical overview of science and technology. It discusses the evolution of science from natural philosophy to the scientific revolution and modern empirical methods. Key technological developments include the Stone, Copper/Bronze, and Iron Ages characterized by tool invention. The industrial revolution in the 20th century accelerated progress in fields like communication, transportation, and research. Recent centuries saw advances in computers, biotechnology, materials science, and other emerging technologies.

Uploaded by

onehit delete
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Science and Technology in Society:

Historical Perspective
History of Science
Science
Science is a body of empirical, theoretical
and practical knowledge about the natural
world, produced by a global community of
researchers making use of scientific
methods, which emphasize the
observation, experimentation and
explanation of real world phenomena.
Science

Scientist – coined by William Whewell in


the 19th century.

Natural Philosophers – people


investigating nature
Science

Scientific Revolution (16th and 17th


Century)
Scholars and scientists increasingly
realized the importance of
experimentation and math to scientific
advances.
Science

To modern science, scientific methods are


considered to be so fundamental that
some – especially philosophers of science
and practicing scientists – consider
earlier inquiries into nature to be pre-
scientific.
History of Technology
Technology
The history of the invention of
tools and techniques for doing
practical things is the history of
technology.

Three Age System:


Stone Age
Copper and Bronze Age
Iron Age
Stone Age

• All humans were hunter-gatherers.


• Tied to survival, hunting and food
preparation.
• Fire, stone tools and weapons, and
clothing
• Developed music and engaged in
organized warfare
Copper and Bronze Age

• Development in agriculture, animal


domestication, and adoption of
permanent settlements.
• Development of metal smelting,
with copper and later bronze.
Iron Age

• Last major step before the


development of written language.
• Adoption of iron smelting
technology.
• The people who first used iron tools
are known as the Celts. (Europe)
Twentieth Century

• Industrial revolution
• Communication, transportation
technology, broad teaching and
implementation of scientific method,
and increased research
• Radio, radar and early sound recording
• Nuclear power
• Computers and advance research labs
• Recombinant DNA
Twenty First Century

• Progress in all fields of science and


technology
• Development of computers
• Scramjets, nanotechnology,
bioengineering, nuclear fusion, new
development in armor, advanced
materials
Thank You

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