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Specific Heat Capacity

Specific heat capacity is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of a substance by 1°C. It is calculated using the formula Q=mcΔT, where Q is energy in Joules, m is mass in kg, c is specific heat capacity, and ΔT is change in temperature. When combining substances at different temperatures, the sum of energy gains and losses must equal zero according to the law of conservation of energy. Specific heat capacity problems use known values like masses and initial/final temperatures to calculate unknown values like specific heat capacities of materials.

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252 views9 pages

Specific Heat Capacity

Specific heat capacity is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of a substance by 1°C. It is calculated using the formula Q=mcΔT, where Q is energy in Joules, m is mass in kg, c is specific heat capacity, and ΔT is change in temperature. When combining substances at different temperatures, the sum of energy gains and losses must equal zero according to the law of conservation of energy. Specific heat capacity problems use known values like masses and initial/final temperatures to calculate unknown values like specific heat capacities of materials.

Uploaded by

R Mathew
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SPECIFIC HEAT What is it ?

CAPACITY
SPECIFIC HEAT CAPACITY
 The specific heat capacity of a particular sample is defined as the
amount of energy
needed to raise the temperature of that sample by 1°C.
Q=mc
Q is then energy in Joules, m is the mass in kg, c is the specific heat
capacity and is the change in temperature ()
The greater a material’s specific heat, the more energy must be added to
a given mass of the material to cause a particular temperature change.
 
Using the principle of conservation of energy and assuming system as
isolated
=
This equation is valid when two or more substances involved
When there are three (or more) substances exchanging
thermal energy, each at a different temperature then
you need to consider all the energy exchange between
all the materials involved.
The sum of all the gains and losses of thermal energy
must add up to zero, as required by the conservation of
energy for an isolated system.
  A 125-g block of an unknown substance with a temperature of
1.
90°C is placed in a Styrofoam cup containing 0.326 kg of water at
20°C. The system reaches an equilibrium temperature of 22.4°C.
What is the specific heat of the unknown substance if the heat
capacity of the cup is neglected? = 4190J/kg
2. Suppose 0.400 kg of water initially at 40°C is poured into a 0.300-
kg glass beaker having a temperature of 25°C. A 0.500-kg block of
aluminium at 37°C is placed in the water, and the system insulated.
Calculate the final equilibrium temperature of the system. = 837J/kg
and = 900J/kg
3. A 0.5 kg aluminium pan on a stove is used to heat 0.25kg of water
from 20ºC to 80ºC . (a) How much heat is required? What percentage
of the heat is used to raise the temperature of (b) the pan and (c) the
water?
  Suppose you pour 0.25 kg of 20ºC water into a 0.5-kg
4.
aluminium pan off the stove with a temperature of 150ºC .
Assume that the pan is placed on an insulated pad and that a
negligible amount of water boils off. What is the temperature
when the water and pan reach thermal equilibrium?
5. A 0.0505 kg ingot of metal is heated to 173◦C and then is
dropped into a beaker containing 0.426 kg of water initially at
23◦C and the system reaches equilibrium at 25.4 . Find the
specific heat capacity of ingot?
6. 337 g of water at 70◦C is poured into a 25 g aluminium
cup containing 66 g of water at 29◦C. What is the equilibrium
temperature of the system?
 7.Determine the final temperature when a 25.0 g piece
of iron at 85.0 °C is placed into 75.0 grams of water at
20.0 °C. = 450 J/kg

8. Determine the final temperature when 10 g of


aluminium at 130 °C mixes with 200 grams of water at
25 °C.
9. Determine the final temperature when 20 g of
mercury at 165 °C mixes with 200 g of water at 60 °C.
(Cp for Hg = 140 J/Kg C)
 
10.The calorimeter cup is made from 0.15 kg of aluminium and
contains 0.20 kg of water. Initially, the water and the cup have a
common temperature of 18.0 °C. A 0.040-kg mass of unknown
material is heated to a temperature of 97.0 °C and then added
to the water. The temperature of the water, the cup, and the
unknown material is 22.0 °C after thermal equilibrium is re-
established. Ignoring the small amount of heat gained by the
thermometer, find the specific heat capacity of the unknown
material.
11. A metalsmith pours 3 kg of lead shot (which is the material
used to fill shotgun shells) at a temperature of 94.7 °C into 1 kg
of water at 27.5 °C in an insulated container, which acts as a
calorimeter. What is the final temperature of the mixture? (=
129 J/kg
12. A student is preparing to perform a series of calorimetry
experiments. She first wishes to determine the heat capacity
for her calorimeter. She pours a 50 g of water at 72 °C into
the calorimeter containing 50 g of water at 25 °C. She
records the final temperature of system as 44 °C. what is the
specific heat capacity for the calorimeter if its mass is 1000
g.

13. A 0.05-kg ingot of metal is heated to 200°C and then


dropped into a calorimeter containing 0.400 kg of water
initially at 20 °C. The final equilibrium temperature of the
mixed system is 22.4 °C. Find the specific heat of the metal.

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