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Algebraic Expression

Algebraic Expression

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TERESITA S. ZARCENO
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66 views

Algebraic Expression

Algebraic Expression

Uploaded by

TERESITA S. ZARCENO
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ALGEBRAIC

EXPRESSION
THE LANGUAGE ALGEBRA
In algebra, we use the letters of the alphabet to
represent a number with unknown values. A
letter used to represent one or more numbers
called a variable.
Any number used to replace variable is the value
of the variable.
An Algebraic expression is a collection of
numbers, variables, operations, and grouping
symbols.
Example of expressions are:

3, x² - 4, 3x – 5, 2 ( x + 3) + 6, x + 3
6
In an algebraic expression, the parts that are
added or subtracted are called terms of the
expressions. The term is a number, a variable, or
a product or quotient of number and variables
raised to a power. The expression 3x – 2y + 6 has
3 terms, 3x, -2y and 6. The expression 3x + 4xy +
8 ( y-x ) has also 3 terms, 3x, 4xy, 8 (y-x).
The + or – signs that break the expression into
terms belong to the terms. However, when listing
the terms of an expression, it is not necessary to
list the + sign at the beginning of a term.
Expression Terms

3x² + 3y + 5 3x²,3y,5 3 terms

2y – 4x – ½ 2y, -4x, -1/2 3 terms

4 (x-2)² + 2x - 3 4 ( x -2)², 2x, -3 3 terms

x-3 -3x x - 3, -3x 2 terms


3 3
The numerical part of a term is called the numerical
coefficient or simply its coefficient.
In the term 4x, the 4 is the numerical coefficient. Note
that 4x means the variable x is multiplied by 4.

4x variable ( literal coefficient) numerical coefficient

Term Numerical Coefficient

4y 4

-2/3 x -2/3

2(x -3) 2

x+6 1/3 since x + 6 means 1/3 ( x + 6)


3 3
Whenever a term appears without numerical coefficient,
we assume that the numerical coefficient is 1.
Examples:
x means 1x -x means -1x
xz means 1xz -xz means -1xz
x² means 1x² -x² means -1x²
(x-y) means 1 (x-y) -(x-y) means -1 ( x + y )
If an expression has a term that is a number(without a
variable), we refer to this number as constant term
or simply constant. In the expression 3x² + 2x + 5,
the 5 is the constant term.
Like terms are terms with exactly the same variable and
have the same exponents. The following are examples
of the like terms and unlike terms.

Like Terms Unlike Terms

4x, -3x 4x, 3y ( variables are different)

3y, 5y 2y, 4 ( variables are different)

3 (a + 1) , -4 ( a + 1) 3xy, 2xz ( variables are different)

2x³, 4x³ 3x², 2x³ ( variables are different)


EXAMPLE 1
Determine if there are any like terms in each
algebraic expression.
a. 4x -2x + 5 -1/2

b. 2x – 3y – 3

c. 8 – 2x + 3x + 6

d. 2xy – 2x + 4xy

Solution:
a. 4x and -2x are like terms while 5 and 1/2– are unlike
terms
b. No like terms
c. -2x and 3x are like terms while 8 and 6are like
terms
d. 2xy and 4xy are like terms.
When the variables in an algebraic expression are replaced by a
number, you are evaluating the expression. The resulting number
is called the value of the expression. To evaluate a variable
expression follow the flow chart.

Write algebraic Substitute value


Simplify
expression of variables

Example 2: Find the value of the algebraic expression.


1.
7y + 2 when y = 5
7y + 2 7 (5) + 2 35 + 2 = 37
2.
60n (2 – n ) when n = 3
60n (2-n) 60(3) (2 – 3) (180) (-1) = -180
3.
(2a)² + 4 when a = 3
[2(a)]² + 4 [2(3)]² + 4 6² + 4 = 40
 Variable – is a letter used to represent one or more
numbers.
 Algebraic expression – are collections of numbers,
variables, operation, symbols and group symbols.
 Term – is a number, a variable, or a product or
quotient of numbers and variables raised to power.
 Numerical Coefficient is the numerical part of a term.

 Constant – is a symbol that does not change in value.


A constant is given in symbols also , etc.
 Like terms- are terms with exactly the same variable
and have the same exponents and literal coefficient.
FIND THE VALUE OF EACH ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSION

1. 5a² - a, when a = 3
2. -2x² + 3 when x = -1
3. 2y ÷ (13 – 9y), when y = 2
4. 3 + 6b , when b = 2
3
5. 16p – 32q + 5, when p = 2 q = 1

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