AIRCRAFT GENERAL*AIRCOND/PRESS/VENT*AUTOFLIGHT*CO

MMUNICATIONS*ELECTRICAL*EQUIPMENT*FIRE PROTECTION*
FLIGHT CONTROLS*FUEL*HYDRAULIC*ICE ANDRAINPROTECTIO
N * INDICATING / RECORDING S Y S T E M S * L A N D I N G G E A R * L I G H T S * N A V I G
ATION*OXYGEN*PNEUMATIC*WATER/WASTE*MAINTENANCE S
YSTEM*INFORMATION SYSTEM*APU*DOORS*POWERPLANT*AIR
CRAFT GENERAL*AIRCOND/PRESS/VENT*AUTOFLIGHT*COMM
UNICATIONS*ELECTRICAL*EQUIPMENT*FIRE PROTECTION*FLI
GHT CONTROLS*FUEL*HYDRAULIC*ICE ANDRAINPROTECTION*
INDICATING / RECORDING S Y S T E M S * L A N D I N G G E A R * L I G H T S * N A V I G A T

AIRBUS 320
ION*OXYGEN*PNEUMATIC*WATER/WASTE*MAINTENANCE SYS
TEM*INFORMATION SYSTEM*APU*DOORS*POWERPLANT*AIRC
RAFT GENERAL*AIRCOND/PRESS/VENT*AUTOFLIGHT*COMMU

SYSTEMS
NICATIONS*ELECTRICAL*EQUIPMENT*FIRE PROTECTION*FLIG
HT CONTROLS*FUEL*HYDRAULIC*ICE ANDRAINPROTECTION*
INDICATING / RECORDING S Y S T E M S * L A N D I N G G E A R * L I G H T S * N A V I G A T
ION*OXYGEN*PNEUMATIC*WATER/WASTE*MAINTENANCE SYS
TEM*INFORMATION SYSTEM*APU*DOORS*POWERPLANT*AIRC
RAFT GENERAL*AIRCOND/PRESS/VENT*AUTOFLIGHT*COMMU
NICATIONS*ELECTRICAL*EQUIPMENT*FIRE PROTECTION*FLIG
HT CONTROLS*FUEL*HYDRAULIC*ICE ANDRAINPROTECTION*
INDICATING / RECORDING S Y S T E M S * L A N D I N G G E A R * L I G H T S * N A V I G A T
ION*OXYGEN*PNEUMATIC*WATER/WASTE*MAINTENANCE SYS
TEM*INFORMATION SYSTEM*APU*DOORS*POWERPLANT*AIRC
A I R C R A F T G E N E R A L ATA 20

GENERAL

The A320 is a subsonic, medium-range, civil transport aircraft.

Engines
The aircraft has 2 high bypass turbofan engines, mounted under the wings.

Cockpit
The cockpit is arranged for a 2 member crew. It also has a place for 2
observers.

Cabin
The passenger seating layout may be varied to suit operating requirements.
The certificated maximum is 180 seats.

Cargo
There are 2 cargo compartments under the cabin floor.
A I R C R A F T G E N E R A L ATA 20
A I R C R A F T G E N E R A L ATA 20
A I R C O N D / P R E S S / V E N T ATA 21

AIR CONDITIONING
The function of the AIR COND system is to provide ventilation,
humidity, and temperature control for the cockpit and cabin.
ECAM information related to the air conditioning system can be
viewed by selecting the ECAM COND system display page.
ATA 21
A I R C O N D / P R E S S / V E N T ATA 21

PRESSURIZATION
The function of the pressurization system is to maintain cabin
altitude and cabin vertical speeds at acceptable levels
throughout the airplane`s operating envelope. ECAM
information related to the pressurization system can be viewed
by selecting the ECAM PRESS system display page.
ATA 21
ATA 21
A I R C O N D / P R E S S / V E N T ATA 21

VENTILATION
The function of the avionics ventilation system is to maintain the
temperature of the avionics system components at acceptable
levels. ECAM information related to the avionics ventilation
system can be viewed by selecting the ECAM PRESS system
display page.
A I R C O N D / P R E S S / V E N T ATA 21
A U T O F L I G H T ATA 22

GENERAL

There are a number of components associated with the

autoflight system. The pilot interacts with the autoflight system
through the:

• Flight Control Unit (FCU),

• the Multifunction Control and Display Units (MCDUs),
• the sidesticks,and the thrust levers.

The status of the autoflight system is monitored on the:

• FCU,
• Primary Flight Display (PFD),and
• Navigation Display (ND).
A U T O F L I G H T ATA 22
A U T O F L I G H T ATA 22

PHILOSOPHY

The Flight Management and Guidance System (FMGS) provides predictions

of flight time, mileage, speed, economy profiles and altitude. It reduces
cockpit workload, improves efficiency, and eliminates many routine
operations generally performed by the pilots.

During cockpit preparation, the pilot inserts a preplanned route, from origin to
destination, via the Multifunction Control and Display Units (MCDU`s). This
route includes the departure, enroute waypoints, arrival, approach, missed
approach and alternate route, as selected from the NAV database. The
system generates optimum vertical and lateral flight profiles and predicted
progress along the entire flight path. Either FMGC performs all operations, if
one FMGC fails.
The pilot may modify any flight parameter on a short-term basis (SPD, V/S,
HDG … ) and the FMGC will guide the aircraft to the manually-selected
target. This pilot-controlled guidance is referred to as “selected”.
There are two types of guidance:
A U T O F L I G H T ATA 22

The pilot may modify any flight parameter on a short-term basis (SPD, V/S,
HDG … ) and the FMGC will guide the aircraft to the manually-selected
target. This pilot-controlled guidance is referred to as “selected”.

There are two types of guidance:

- Managed Guidance: The aircraft is guided along the preplanned route,

vertical, lateral, and speed/mach profile. This type of preplanned
guidance is called “Managed”.
Predicted targets are computed by the FMGS.

- Selected Guidance: The aircraft is guided to the selected target,

modified by the pilot. Targets are selected on the flight control unit
located on the pilot´s glareshield. The decision to engage a “selected” or
“managed” guidance is always under the control of the pilot.

SELECTED GUIDANCE HAS PRIORITY OVER MANAGED GUIDANCE

A U T O F L I G H T ATA 22
•Navigation Back Up
If both FMGCs fail, the back up navigation provides the following functions:
‐ Flight Planning
‐ Aircraft position using onside IRS, IRS3, or GPIRS position
‐ F-PLN display on ND
‐ No AP/FD NAV mode
‐ Limited lateral revision
‐ F-PLN automatic sequencing.
C O M M U N I C A T I O N S ATA 23

GENERAL

The A-320 has communication systems for the purpose of:

• Communication outside the aircraft, such as ATC and

company radio.
• Communications within the confines of the aircraft, such as
the interphone.
• Public address: PA announcements to the passengers.
• CALLS: aural and visual notification to other work stations.
• Cockpit voice recording (CVR): recording all aural
communications to and from the cockpit.
C O M M U N I C A T I O N S ATA 23

Description

The major components of the communication system are the:

• Radio Management Panel (RMP)
• Audio Control Panel (ACP)
• Cabin Intercommunication Data System (CIDS)
• Public address system
• CALL Ssystem
• Cockpit Voice Recorder (CVR)
C O M M U N I C A T I O N S ATA 23
E L E C T R I C A L ATA 24

GENERAL

• The electrical power system consists of a three-phase 115/200 volt 400-

hertz constant frequency AC system and a 28 volt DC system.
• Electrical transients are acceptable for equipment.
• Commercial supply has secondary priority.
• Normally the system produces alternating current, some of which it then
transforms into direct current for certain applications.
• Each of the aircraft´s three generators can supply the whole network.
• If all normal AC generation is lost, an emergency generator can supply
AC power.
• If all AC generation is lost, the system can transform DC power from the
batteries into AC power.
E L E C T R I C A L ATA 24
E L E C T R I C A L ATA 24
E L E C T R I C A L ATA 24
E L E C T R I C A L ATA 24
E Q U I P M E N T ATA 25

GENERAL

The A-320 Flight Deck is arranged so that monitoring and control of the aircraft is easily
performed by either pilot. Principle controls such as the landing gear lever, autopilots, thrust
levers, and flap controls are found in the typical locations. Pilot input to the flight controls, is
accomplished with the movement of the sidestick controllers located near the pilots’ armrests.
E Q U I P M E N T ATA 25

The designers concentrated system controls on the overhead panel by making extensive use of
pushbuttons, directly installed in the system synoptic.
F I R E P R O T E C T I O N ATA 26

GENERAL

Aircraft Fire protection Systems are comprised of:

• Fire and overheat detection and extinguishing systems for the:

- Engines
- APU

• Smoke detection and extinguishing systems for the:

- Cargo compartments
- Lavatories

• Smoke detection for the:

- Avionics bay

• Portable fire extinguishers for the:

- Flight compartment
- Passenger cabin
F I R E P R O T E C T I O N ATA 26 Cont …

APU Fire
Detection & Protection
Lavatory Fire
Detection & Protection

AFT Cargo Smoke

Detection & Protection

FWD Cargo Smoke Engine Fire

Avionics Smoke Detection & Protection Detection & Protection
Detection
F I R E P R O T E C T I O N ATA 26
F I R E P R O T E C T I O N ATA 26
F I R E P R O T E C T I O N ATA 26
F I R E P R O T E C T I O N ATA 26
F L I G H T C O N T R O L S ATA 27

GENERAL

The majority of the flight control surfaces are conventional for a

jet powered transport. Elevators and the Trimmable Horizontal
Stabilizer (THS) control pitch, ailerons andspoilers control roll,
and the rudder controls yaw. Leading edge slats and trailing
edge flaps improve low-speed lift. On the ground, all of the
spoiler panels are used as ground spoilers. In flight, some of
these panels perform as speed brakes.

A side mount stick (sidestick) and rudder pedals are used for
normal aircraft control. Traditional control levers and handles
exist for speed brakes and ground spoilers, flaps, manual pitch
trim, and rudder trim.
F L I G H T C O N T R O L S ATA 27

Normally, the flight control surfaces are electronically controlled

and hydraulically actuated. For redundancy, some of the
surfaces have back-up mechanical controls. However, even
when utilizing these back-up mechanical controls, hydraulic
power is required to move the flight control surfaces.

The fly-by-wire system was designed and certified to

render the new generation of aircraft even more
safe, cost effective, and pleasant to fly.
F L I G H T C O N T R O L S ATA 27
F L I G H T C O N T R O L S ATA 27 Cont …
F L I G H T C O N T R O L S ATA 27
PITCH ATTITUDE
LOAD FACTOR
BANK ANGLE
HIGH SPEED
HIGH ANGLE OF ATTACK
F U E L ATA 28

GENERAL

The fuel system is designed to carry and deliver fuel to the

aircraft engines and APU. The fuel tanks, pumps, and valves
are visible only through electronic representation on the ECAM
system.The fuel system is composed of:

• three fuel tanks,

• six fuel pumps,
• fuel valves,
• fuel level and quantity sensors,
• refueling control panel and fuel coupling, and
• fuel vents, drain, and surge tanks.
F U E L ATA 28
F U E L ATA 28

Additional the fuel system:

• stores fuel in the tanks

• supplies fuel in the correct quantities to the fuel tanks during
refueling
• supplies fuel to the engines and the auxiliary power unit (APU)
• circulates fuel to cool the integrated drive generator (IDG)
F U E L ATA 28 Cont …
H Y D R A U L I C ATA 29

GENERAL

The hydraulic system is made up of three separate and independent

systems: Green, Blue, and Yellow. Each is supplied by its own hydraulic
reservoir. Each system provides pressure of 3000 PSI (2500 PSI when
powered by the RAT), to operate many major components, such as flight
controls, slats and flaps, landing gear, cargo doors, and the emergency
generator.

The main panel for the hydraulics system is located in the middle of the
overhead panel. The hydraulics panel has controls for the Green, Blue, and
Yellow systems. Additional controls are found on the Maintenance panel,
used primarily by maintenance personnel. The ECAM HYD page displays
the status of the various hydraulic components. Hydraulic fluid cannot be
transferred from one system to another.
I C E A N D R A I N P R O T E C T I O N ATA 30

GENERAL

The ice and rain protection system is installed to permit

unrestricted operation of the aircraft in icing conditions and
heavy rain. Major components served by the anti-icesystem are:
• engines,
• wings,
• windows
• probes and sensors.
I C E A N D R A I N P R O T E C T I O N ATA 30

Icing protection is provided by either hot air from the pneumatic

system, or electrical heating.

Components served by each include:

• hot air for:
- Outboard leading edge slats of each wing, and
- Engine nacelle leading edges.

• electrical heating for:

- Flight compartment windows,
- Probes, pitot tubes, static ports, and
- Waste water drain mast.
I C E A N D R A I N P R O T E C T I O N ATA 30

Rain removal is provided for the front windshield panels by

wipers and when necessary, fluid rain repellent, remove rain
from the front windshield panels.
I C E A N D R A I N P R O T E C T I O N ATA 30

WASTE WATER
DRAIN MAST

WINDOW
HEATING
ENGINE WING ANTI ICE
ANTI ICE
WASTE WATER
PROBE DRAIN MAST
HEATING
INDICATING / RECORDING SYSTEMS ATA 31

GENERAL

Components associated with the Electronic Instrumentation

System (EIS) and standby instruments consist of the following:

• Electronic Instrumentation System (EIS) display units

• Electronic Centralized Aircraft Monitor (ECAM): presents data

on the Engine/Warning Display (E/WD) and System display
(SD)

• Switching panel
INDICATING / RECORDING SYSTEMS ATA 31

• Electronic Flight Instrument System (EFIS): displays mostly

flight parameters and navigation data on the Primary Flight
Display (PFD´s) and Navigation Displays (ND´s).

• Standby instruments

• Standby compass

These components are located throughout the cockpit, as

shown below.
INDICATING / RECORDING SYSTEMS ATA 31
INDICATING / RECORDING SYSTEMS ATA 31

EFIS

ECAM
L A N D I N G G E A R ATA 32

GENERAL

The landing gear consists of:

- Two main gear that retract inboard,
- A nose gear that retracts forward.

Doors enclose the landing gear bays. Gear and doors are
electrically controlled and hydraulically operated.
The doors, which are fitted to the landing gear struts, are
operated mechanically by the gear and close at the end of gear
retraction.
L A N D I N G G E A R ATA 32

Each of the main landing gear has a set of carbon disc brakes. The
main landing gear is also equipped with autobraking. An anti-skid
system provides maximum braking to the point of an impending skid.

All gear doors open while the gear is retracting or extending.

Two Landing Gear Control and Interface Units (LGCIU´s) control the
extension and retraction of the gear and the operation of the doors.
They also supply information about the landing gear to ECAM for
display, and send signals indicating whether the aircraft is in flight or
on the ground to other aircraft systems.

A hand crank on the center pedestal allows the flight crew to extend
the landing gear if the aircraft loses hydraulic systems or electrical
power.
L A N D I N G G E A R ATA 32
L A N D I N G G E A R ATA 32
L A N D I N G G E A R ATA 32
L I G H T S ATA 33

GENERAL

Flight Deck Lighting Emergency Lighting

There are three types of flight deck lighting: Emergency lighting consists of:

• general lighting, • escape path lighting and signs,

• specific area lighting, and • overhead emergency lights,
• integral lighting for pbs and instrumentation. • exit signs,
• lavatory auxiliary lights,
• escape slide lighting, and
Exterior Lighting
• flight deck lighting.
The exterior lights include:
Cabin Signs
• rotating beacons, The cabin signs consists of the “NO PORTABLE
• wing lights, ELECTRONIC DEVICE” sign and the “FASTEN
• navigation and logo lights, SEAT BELT” sign . Each lavatory has a
• taxi and takeoff lights, “RETURN TO YOUR SEAT” sign.
• runway turnoff lights, and
• strobe lights.
L I G H T S ATA 33 Cont …

Flight Deck Lighting

L I G H T S ATA 33 Cont …

Flight Deck Lighting

L I G H T S ATA 33 Cont …

Flight Deck Lighting

L I G H T S ATA 33 Cont …

Flight Deck Lighting

L I G H T S ATA 33 Cont …

Exterior Lighting
L I G H T S ATA 33 Cont …

Exterior Lighting
L I G H T S ATA 33 Cont …

Exterior Lighting
L I G H T S ATA 33 Cont …

Exterior Lighting
N A V I G A T I O N ATA 34

GENERAL

Systems associated with the navigation and Flight Management

System (FMS) include the:

• navigation radio receivers (VORs,DMEs,ILSs,ADF),

• radar altimeters, weather radar, transponder,
• Electronic Flight Instrument System (EFIS) displays,
• Multifunction Control and Display Units (MCDUs),
• the Radio Management Panels (RMPs),
• the Air Data and Inertial Reference System (ADIRS), and
• the Flight Management and Guidance Computers (FMGCs).
N A V I G A T I O N ATA 34

The navigation system is comprised of:

• navigation receivers (VORs,DMEs,ILSs,ADF),

• radar altimeters, weather radar, transponder,
• the ADIRS, and
• two FMGCs.
N A V I G A T I O N ATA 34

The pilots interact with the navigation and flight management

systems through the:

• Multifunction Control and Display Units (MCDUs),

• Flight Control Unit (FCU),
• radar and transponder control panels,
• ADIRS control panel, and
• Radio Management Panels (RMPs).
N A V I G A T I O N ATA 34 Cont …
O X Y G E N ATA 35

GENERAL

The A-320 oxygen system provides supplemental breathing

oxygen when cockpit or cabin conditions are such that ambient
air is not suitable for breathing. In normal operation the oxygen
systems are not used, except crew oxygen when one pilot
leaves the flight deck per FAR.
O X Y G E N ATA 35

System Breakdown
There are three independent supplemental oxygen systems
installed on the A-320. They are:

• cockpit fixed (crew) oxygen system for the flight crew,

• cabin fixed oxygen system for the passengers and flight

attendants, and

• portable oxygen system for the flight crew, flight attendants,

and passengers.
O X Y G E N ATA 35

Oxygen Sources
The sources of oxygen supply for each independent system
are:

• an oxygen cylinder for the cockpit fixed oxygen system,

• chemical generators for the cabin fixed oxygen system, and

• portable oxygen bottles for the portable system.

O X Y G E N ATA 35 Cont …
P N E U M A T I C ATA 36

GENERAL

The pneumatic system supplies high-pressure air for:

• Air conditioning
• engine starting
• wing anti-icing
• water pressurization
• hydraulic reservoir pressurization
P N E U M A T I C ATA 36

The pneumatic system is composed of:

• two bleed monitoring computers (BMCs),

• one cross bleed valve,
• engine bleed and engine start valves,
• one APU bleed valve, and
• leak detection loops.
P N E U M A T I C ATA 36

High-pressure air has three sources:

• engine bleed systems

• APU load compressor
• HP ground connection
P N E U M A T I C ATA 36

A crossbleed duct interconnects the engine bleed systems and

receivers air from the APU and ground sources when
appropriate.

A valve mounted on the crossbleed duct allows the left side

(engine 1) and right side (engine 2) to be interconnected.

Two Bleed Monitoring Computers (BMC 1 and BMC 2), the

overhead control panel, and the ECAM control and monitor the
operation of the pneumatic system. A leak detection system
detects any overheating in the vicinity of hot air ducts.
P N E U M A T I C ATA 36 Cont …
W A T E R / W A S T E ATA 38

GENERAL

The water and waste system:

- Distributes potable water to the toilets and the galleys.

- disposes waste water.
- stores toilet wastes.

The system is insulated to prevent water leaks and ice build up.
The water and waste control panel is on the forward cabin
attendant´s panel.
W A T E R / W A S T E ATA 38 Cont …
I N F O R M A T I O N S Y S T E M ATA 46

GENERAL

The information system manages the datalink communication

and provides the crew with information coming from the airline.
It consists mainly of an Air Traffi Service Unit (ATSU).

The ATSU manages:

- The Air-Ground communications through the appropriate

communication media (VHF data radio or HF data radio).

- The exchange of information between the aircraft and the

airline according to the Airline Operational Control (AOC)
application defined in the ATSU.
I N F O R M A T I O N S Y S T E M ATA 46

- The information display via the MCDU.

- The appropriate warning for crew information

The ACARS functions are included in the ATSU.

A P U ATA 49

GENERAL

The APU is a self-contained unit which allows the aircraft to be

independent of external pneumatic and electrical power
supplies. On the ground, or in the air, the APU:

• provides bleed air for starting engines,

• provides bleed air for the air conditioning, and
• turns a generator that provides power for the electrical system.
A P U ATA 49

On the ground
- It supplies bleed air for starting the engines and for the air
conditioning system.
- It supplies electrical power to the electrical system.

During takeoff
- It supplies bleed air for air conditioning, thus avoiding a
reduction in engine thrust caused by the use of engine bleed air
for this purpose when optimum aircraft performance is required.
A P U ATA 49

In flight
- It backs up the electrical system
- It backs up the air conditioning
- It can be used to start the engines
A P U ATA 49 Cont …

The APU may obtain power for starting from the aircraft´s
batteries alone or in combination with the external power, or
from ground service.

APU starting is permitted throughout the normal flight envelope.

The APU can be used for pneumatics up to 20,000 feet.

The APU can be started using normal aircraft electrical power at

any altitude.

It can be started using battery power only up to approximately

25,000 feet.
A P U ATA 49 Cont …
D O O R S ATA 52

GENERAL

Doors are installed to permit loading and unloading of crew,

passengers and cargo, emergency exiting of passengers and
crew, access to the avionics compartment, andto provide
emergency flotation devices with specific doors.

Doors are divided into two groups:

• Exterior doors
- Cabin entrance doors
- Overwing emergency exits
- Cargo doors
- External avionics compartment doors
D O O R S ATA 52

• Interior doors
- Internal avionics compartment door
- Flight deck door
- Lavatory doors
D O O R S ATA 52 Cont …
D O O R S ATA 52 Cont …
P O W E R P L A N T ATA 70

GENERAL

The A-320 is equipped with two wing mounted CFM56 engines.

The CFM56 engine is a high bypass ratio engine, with most of

the fan air bypassing the engine core. The highbypass ratio
results in excellent fuel efficiency and quiet operation.The
engine is a twin spool, axial flow turbofan.

There are indications on the Engine/Warning Display (E/WD) for

the rotation of the two engine spools (N1 and N2). N1 is the
pilot's primary source of engine performance.The engine has a
single combustion chamber equipped with fuel nozzles and two
igniters.
P O W E R P L A N T ATA 70

• Low-pressure (LP) compressor/turbine

The low-speed rotor (N1) consists of a front fan (single-stage)
and a four-stage LP compressor connected to a four-stage LP
turbine.

• High-pressure (HP) compressor/turbine

The high-speed rotor (N2) consists of a nine-stage HP
compressor connected to a single-stage HP turbine.
P O W E R P L A N T ATA 70

• Combustion chamber
The annular combustion chamber is fitted with 20 fuel nozzles
and 2 igniters.

• Accesory gearbox
The accesory gearbox, located at the bottom of the fan case,
receives torque from horizontal HP rotor drive shaft and drives
gearbox mounted accesories.
P O W E R P L A N T ATA 70
P O W E R P L A N T ATA 70 Cont …