Emergence of SDN Kareem Sharif

with IOT
PHDCSF18M501
Road Map
 SDN with IOT
 Overview of traditional network
 Motivations for Software defined network (SDN)
 SDN architecture and objectives
 SDN based IOT architecture
 Application of SDN in IoT
SDN with IOT
 Software Defined Network (SDN) provides the flexibility in traditional
networking by decoupling data plane (Hardware) and Control
plane(software). On the other side, aim of IOT is to connect billions of
objects with internet.
 We are interested to see that how emergence of these two technologies is
beneficial for IOT?
Overview of Traditional Computer
Network
Control plane/Data Plane
Data Plane

 Also known as Forwarding Plane

 Forwards traffic to the next hop along the path to the selected destination
network according to control plane logic
 Data plane packets go through the router
 The routers/switches use what the control plane built to dispose of incoming
and outgoing frames and packets
Control plane

 Makes decisions about where traffic is sent

 Control plane packets are destined to or locally originated by the router
itself
 The control plane functions include the system configuration,
management, and exchange of routing table information
 Control plane packets are processed by the router to update the routing
table information.
 It is the Signalling of the network
Limitations of traditional networking

 They are tightly coupled(Data & control plane)

 They are vendors specific
 Very costly
 No centralized management
 Innovations are rare as compare to computing and storage industry
Motivation for Software Defined
Network (SDN)
Why to separate control plane from
data plane ?
 Independent evolution and development
The software control of the network can evolve independently of hardware
e.g we should be able to control the packet processing and forwarding
from this control system.
 Control network from central place
Problems should be handled dynamically without changing the underlying
hardware devices individually.
Software Defined Network (SDN)

 Also known as virtualization of network

 SDN provides flexibility in traditional networking by decoupling data plane
(Hardware) and Control plane(software). Also, make network more agile.
 Provides central networking management on a common infrastructure.
 A single control plane controls several forwarding devices.
SDN Architecture
 SDN Layered Architecture

Network Devices (Data Plane)

SDN Layered Architecture

SDN Controller (Control Plane)

SDN Layered Architecture

Application and Services (Application Plane)

Objectives of SDN

 Separate control logic from hardware devices

 Control the entire network including individual switched
 Define control logic in centralized manners
 Communication between application, control and data plane are done
through API’s
 Automation is done dynamically by system without human effort
Internet of Things

 Also called M2M, Internet of Everything, Web of Things, World size web.
 Allows people and things to be connected anytime, anyplace with
anything and anyone using wireless or wired path/network.
 Consists of things, sensors, communication links, devices, unique ID’s.
 Applications are home automation, smart cities, livestock and logistics,
transport management and smart grids.
IoT Architecture
Challenges of Internet of Things

 Privacy & Security

 Adaptability/Scalability
 Heterogeneity/ Complexity
 Technological Standardization
 High cost of IOT infrastructure
Reason of emergence SDN with IOT

 IOTs mainly consists of sensing devices attributing different communication

network while SDN manage network routing and network level
management .
 SDN can better overcome the challenges of IOT, related to scalability,
privacy and network management.
 SDN based IOT can improve overall performance of the system over
traditional network by coming up with the concept of virtualization and
abstraction.
SDN based IOT architecture
Security mechanism for SDN based IoT

 IoT contains constrained devices like sensing agents the make IoT more
vulnerable to security risks.
 Due to limited energy, computational power and storage size
implementing security mechanisms such as cryptography algorithms,
authentication procedure brings down the network performance.
 Classification of SDN-IOT Security
mechanism
SDN based security for IoT in literature review classified security-based solution
into three ways including
 Network based
Focus on topological properties/structural properties of network
 Traffic based
Mechanism to deal with properties of flows to determine malicious activity
 Crypto-based
Apply different kinds of cryptographical algorithms to ensure integrity of data
Classification of SDN-IOT Security
mechanism cont….
Sr.no Search effort Achievement’s
Identity based authentication scheme for IoT[7] • Provide shared identity
1 • Provide third party certification
Crypto based security in SDN for the IoT[5] • Mitigate against data
gathering attacks
2 • Encrypting payload including
source and destination IP
adresses

Flow based security for IoT devices using SDN gateway[6] • Guarantee the independence
3 of each domain in case of
failure

SDN based IoT architecture for security improvement[9] • Propose routing protocol for
distributed environment
4 • Synchronization among
multiple controller to achieve
combined objective
Dynamic Load Balancing (LB) for IoT

 load balancing in SDN based IoT network distribute data traffic among
constrained resources in order to maximize the efficiency and reliability of
network resources.
 Centralized network management and global view from SDN controller
allows allocation of resources at application layer through Southbound
APIs.
Static LB Vs Dynamic LB
 Protocols for dynamic LB
Sr.no LB Protocol Working
1 RR A round like table is managed which hold the node information of network and
each node gets the task equally likely

2 WRR Assigns weight to each node calculated based on node specification e.g.
processing power, number of connections, battery specification etc

3 LC Assign value to node based on number of connections. The table entry is

updated whenever a connection is added or deleted.

4 WLC It uses weights with LC and assign more connection to that node having more
weight value.

5 CB checks the usage of network devices and when it reaches to 80% of the total
capacity
Minimizing latency of critical traffic
through SDN
Problem :Huge amount of traffic is generating by billions of devices in IoT.
Network management is challenging for operators to handle traffic.
Proposed Solution: By imposing delay minimization method:
1) Path Resolving
2) Delay Tracking
3) Delay Management.
1) Path Resolving

 creates a list of a variable paths between the heads and tail node.
 picks up sending and receiving IoT host and the head and tail nodes of
available paths.
 creates links sequentially between each consecutive node using brute
force algorithm.
2) Delay Tracking

 Measures the real time latency of identified network paths

 Based on estimation, the route between two hosts is decided
 A request is firstly sent for probe to SDN controller who selects route based
on the decision taken by delay management function.
 Delay information along traveled path is updated in the list after
completion of successful communication.
3) Delay Management.
 Gather list of paths for pairs of IP addresses from path resolving function
 Gather recent value of delay from delay tracking function
 Find best suitable path based on min= (d1,d2,d3……dn)
 Program path in head and tail node direction
 Update data flow path action list
 Multi-hop Forwarding in 6LowPAN through
SDN

System Architecture SD-6LoWPAN