Aesthetic and Physical Considerations: (Group 5 Report)
Aesthetic and Physical Considerations: (Group 5 Report)
PHYSICAL
CONSIDERATIONS
(GROUP 5 REPORT)
SUBMITTED BY:
BRAVO, SUNSHINE D.
DIAZ, DJOANNA LINDSAY M.
QUINTANO, GLYCERINE M.
Globalization refers to all those
processes by which the peoples of
the world are incorporated into a
single world society, global society
Globalization involves states that
are leaner but they are also more
active, and in some areas assume
greater responsibilities.
THE CONCEPT OF GLOBALIZATION
is an interdisciplinary concept that has not a
certain definition due to differences in views
and interpretations. By some it is considered
as creating a common global culture and
homogenizing identities and life styles, while
for others it may be interpreted as
highlighting differences and supporting
locality.
Anthony Giddens describes globalization as a
homogenizing process, made possible by the
differentiation of time from space. In this way,
modernization establishes a network of global
relations between near-by and distant
communities
Globalization can be thought of as a process (or set
of processes) which embodies a transformation in the
spatial organization of social relations and
transactions - assessed in terms of their extensity,
intensity, velocity and impact - generating
transcontinental or interregional flows, and networks
of activity, interaction, and the exercise of power
Globalization is often associated with economic
development, financial markets and international
business. In this context, the term globalization refers
to the increasingly free flow of goods, services,
financial capital and labor across national borders.
Media flow and technological breakthroughs
such as the TV, cinema, the internet and
others are the most important factors
enabling us to interact with remote
communities which may be culturally different
from our own. By such contact a common
global culture is formed.
The spread of a global culture and lifestyles
is very fast, compared to previous times, and
it emanates from an identifiable center
(Taylan 2008).
Due to new communication technologies
and media, culture has become a
commodity, produced, offered and
marketed, and so it has become an image.
The world is becoming a single social
space held together by the cultural
transportation of semantic systems and
symbolic forms (Hannerz 1998).
―the common culture created is the
culture of those dominating this market.
Cities and regions are facing great
challenges as a consequence of
globalization.
One force seeks to safeguard and
promulgate established indigenous
architectural traditions, forms, decorative
motifs, and technologies. It advocates
historical continuity, cultural diversity, and
preservation of identity, all symbolized by
a particular architectural vocabulary, just
as spoken languages and local dialects
impart identity.
Trends
Today, pressure to globalize
architecture primarily springs from
Two sources to Globalize
Architecture:
1. the culture of commerce and
2. the culture of design.
The Global Culture of Commerce
is driven by changing consumer
expectations, market opportunities,
and business agendas. Their
architectural manifestations include
iconic, sky-scraping banking towers,
chains of standardized hotels,
franchise restaurants, and shopping
malls full of all-too-familiar name-
brand stores.
The Global Culture of Design
is supported by architects who study what
other architects are creating, no matter
where. With fabulous photographs in slick
magazines and professional journals,
trend-conscious designers can scan and
span the globe, sharing high-style
concepts rendered in stylish materials.
Glass, aluminum, stainless steel, copper,
titanium, and natural stone are readily
available. If they cannot be acquired
locally, they can be imported.
Globalization is now an unstoppable
historical process led by technological
change and involving the dissemination of
science and new technologies. Rapid
urbanization has only been made possible
by the introduction of modern technology
as a part of the development process.
In one of the oldest treatises on
architecture, Vitruvius proposed three
essential requirements for all good
architecture: firmitas, utilitas, and
venustas.
Complex construction and
advanced building design require a
mastery of structures and
construction technology, and as
Michelle Addington (2006:64)
mentions, “Technology is often
considered the handmaiden of
design and, as such, is meant to be
subordinate: design is the why and
the what, whereas technology is the
how-to.”
NEW TECHNOLOGIES ARE CHANGING
THE NATURE OF WORK — WITH ITS
MULTIDIMENSIONAL EFFECTS —
by creating new forms of leisure,
- including the hyper-reality of cyberspace,
- new virtual realities, and
- new modes of information and
- entertainment.
Dramatic change and innovation have been
part of modernity for centuries, as has
technological development and expansion.
A new global culture is emerging as a result of
computer and communications technologies.
Transitional forms of architecture are
traversing national boundaries and becoming
part of a new world culture.
The new wave of technologies in electronics,
robotics, telecommunications, new materials,
and biotechnology has given rise to a new
technology paradigm that accentuates the role
of the world cities (Lo and Yeung, 1998).
Thus, the adoption of appropriate
technologies is a natural and unforced
consequence of appropriate architecture.
Together, they offer valid forms and
images to take the place of models
offered by industrialized nations, and as
Shahin Vassigh (2004:112) mentions,
“The practice of architecture is a delicate
balance of art and science — a creative
endeavor which also requires that the
architect master a broad array of technical
skills, including engineering.”
"General Practice of Architecture" means
the act of
- planning and architectural designing,
- structural conceptualization,
- specifying, supervising and
- giving general administration and
responsible direction to the erection,
enlargement or alterations of buildings
and building environments and
architectural design in engineering
structures or any part thereof;
The scientific, aesthetic and orderly
coordination of all the processes which
enter into the production of a complete
building or structure performed through the
medium of unbiased preliminary studies
Medium of Unbiased Preliminary
Studies of
plans,
consultations,
specifications,
conferences,
evaluations,
investigations,
contract documents and
oral advice and directions
regardless of whether the persons engaged
in such practice are residents of the
Philippines or have their principal office or
place of business in this country or another
territory, and regardless of whether such
persons are performing one or all these
duties, or whether such duties are
performed in person or as the directing head
of an office or organization performing them;
"Scope of the Practice of
Architecture" encompasses the
provision of professional services in
connection with site, physical and
planning and the design,
construction, enlargement,
conservation, renovation,
remodeling, restoration or alteration
of a building or group of buildings.
Services may include, but are not limited to:
(a) Planning, architectural designing and
structural conceptualization;
(b) consultation, consultancy, giving oral or
written advice and directions, conferences,
evaluations, investigations, quality surveys,
appraisals and adjustments, architectural and
operational planning, site analysis and other pre-
design services;
(c) schematic design, design development,
contract documents and construction phases
including professional consultancies;
(d) preparation of preliminary, technical,
economic and financial feasibility studies of
plans, models and project promotional services;
(e) preparation of architectural plans,
specifications, bill of materials, cost estimates,
general conditions and bidding documents;
(f) construction and project management,
giving general management, administration,
supervision, coordination and responsible
direction or the planning, architectural
designing, construction, reconstruction,
erection, enlargement or demolition,
renovation, repair, orderly removal, remodeling,
alteration, preservation or restoration of
buildings or structures or complex buildings,
including all their components, sites and
environs, intended for private or public use;
(g) the planning, architectural lay-outing and
utilization of spaces within and surrounding
such buildings or structures, housing design
and community architecture, architectural
interiors and space planning, architectural
detailing, architectural lighting, acoustics,
architectural lay-outing of mechanical,
electrical, electronic, sanitary, plumbing,
communications and other utility systems,
equipment and fixtures;
(h) building programming, building
administration, construction arbitration and
architectural conservation and restoration;
(i) all works which relate to the scientific,
aesthetic and orderly coordination of all works
and branches of the work, systems and
processes necessary for the production of a
complete building or structure, whether for public
or private use, in order to enhance and
safeguard life, health and property and the
promotion and enrichment of the quality of life,
the architectural design of engineering
structures or any part thereof; and
(j) all other works, projects and activities which
require the professional competence of an
architect, including teaching of architectural
subjects and architectural computer-aided
design
The practice of these professions here is
threatened to extinction by the continued bias of
clients against them, the threat of illegal Filipino
practitioners, the invasion of foreign consultants
and the exodus of Filipino designers to better-
paying jobs overseas.
The bias against local practitioner s apparently
stems from the public’s misunderstanding of what
architects and related design professionals do.
Architecture is the art and science of designing
buildings and building complexes to house and
support the functions of clients and the public.
As a service, it is like medicine and law where
problems or needs are addressed in a timely
and direct manner but with the additional facet of
elegance, aesthetics and good taste.
Many Filipino architects are treated like
suppliers or contractors, valued only if
fees charged are cheap and if they are
willing to be constantly on call (unlike
doctors or lawyers, clients refuse to pay
architects based on time spent at endless
meetings).
It’s a matter of respect, which makes it all
the more aggravating for many locals
practitioners as they witness a whole
different attitude given by clients to foreign-
schooled but unregistered or licensed
practitioners or foreign consultants.
Of late, a number of Filipino or Fil-American
designers schooled or who have worked
overseas have set up practices without the
necessary licenses.
Their success has been the product of good
marketing skills, individual packaging (foreign
accents, fashionable dress sense, and
conspicuous attendance in the cocktail
circuit) as well as a competent portfolio of
work overseas. It is no wonder then that local
media find these personalities good copy.
Nevertheless they have been found not to be in
the roster of registered or licensed architects.
The United Architects of the Philippines (UAP)
has sent notices to editors in chief and writers of
design magazines and broadsheets to desist
from referring to these designers as “architects.”
Similar incidents have been cited by
the Philippine Association of Landscape
Architects and the Philippine Institute of Interior
Designers regarding personalities featured in
newspapers and magazines and referred to as
landscape architects or interior designers. All
three professions are regulated by the
government and require registration and
licenses to practice.
On a show, architect Alli explained that the
Architecture Law RA9266 (there are similar ones
for landscape architecture, interior design and
environmental planning)protects the interest of
the public and ensures legal accountability for
malpractice or its results—collapsing buildings,
landslides in housing sites, exploding utilities
and the like.
More worrying for the UAP, PALA and PIID is the
proliferation of foreign designers who are
featured in numerous press releases and ads by
real estate developers—complete with portraits
and interviews as to how they have designed
this or that new master planned community,
world-class complexes or trend-setting
landscapes and urban design.
The situation with architecture is a bit different
but malpractice in the art and science of
designing buildings could lead, like bad medicine
or lawyering, to loss of life or a sad existence in a
structure that looks and feels like a prison.
Filipino architects are considered world-class
in every country except their own. Like many in
other design professions they are driven
overseas because they are unappreciated and
underpaid yet they possess the technical
expertise and capacity that could create all that
public and private clients are planning to build in
support of a booming economy without there
course of foreign consultants.
Architecture is a proud profession. Its
practitioners have to be respected for them to
be able to produce structures and settings
that engender pride of place and a national
identity. Philippine architecture is best
created by Filipinos for Filipinos. If we aspire
instead to live in simulations of other lands
and cultures, then globalization will have
shown its ugliest façade, an illusion of
modernity that hides behind it a poverty of
culture and purpose we can never escape
from.
OVERVIEW
An APEC Architect is a person who is registered,
licensed or otherwise professionally recognized as
an architect in a participating economy, and whose
name is enrolled on a section of the APEC Architect
Register maintained by that economy.
The criteria adopted by the Central Council for
admission to the APEC Architect Register, and use of
the description ‘APEC Architect’, are based on
identification of a common sequence and elements
in the education, training and assessment of
architects as qualified to provide professional
architectural services in the home economy. These
consist of:
an accreditation or recognition procedure
for education programs in architecture;
a minimum period of post-graduate
practical experience, with specified
requisites;
fulfillment of registration, licensing or
other requirements for full professional
recognition,
a minimum period of professional
practice as a registered or licensed
architect, with
specified requisites.
Architects deemed by the Central Council to
fulfil these requirements are eligible for
registration as an APEC Architect. To retain
their registration, APEC Architects must
comply with obligations imposed by their home
economies for maintaining professional
competence and observing codes of
professional conduct. Host economies may
choose to impose special requirements for the
recognition of APEC Architects for practice in
their economies, but any such requirements
must be fully transparent.
Monitoring Committees
Each participating economy is required to
establish a Monitoring Committee to take
responsibility for administration of the APEC
Architect framework in that economy, after
receiving authorization by the Central Council
to do so. Monitoring Committees act with
delegated authority from the Central Council to
implement its policies and carry out it duties.
The primary duty of a Monitoring Committee is
to operate a section of the APEC Architect
Register for the enrolment of APEC Architects
registered/licensed in that economy.
Authorization of Monitoring
Committees
Newly formed Monitoring Committees
wishing to establish a section of the APEC
Architect Register must first be authorized
by the Central Council to do so.
Applications for authorization must be
accompanied by information on the
professional recognition/ accreditation
systems in place in the economy and
details of its proposals for assessment of
APEC Architect criteria, and any other
information the Council deems necessary.
Central Council
The Central Council has ultimate responsibility for all
matters relating to the APEC Architect framework.
The Council comprises at least one representative
appointed by the Monitoring Committee of each
economy authorized to operate a section of the
Register. Non-authorized economies may also be
invited to attend Council meetings as non-voting
observers.
The Central Council’s primary duty is to decide the
standards and criteria required for registration as an
APEC Architect and to establish operational
procedures for management of the APEC Architect
Register.
Administrative Provisions
Responsibility for providing administrative services
for the APEC Architect Central Council and acting as
the project Secretariat is undertaken in rotation by
participating economies. The economy performing
this role at any time may share its duties with other
economies or it may be exempted from them on
request.
During its term of office, the Secretariat is required to
administer all Council business, manage its meetings
and coordinate the activities of the independent
Monitoring Committees. It acts as a centre of
information for the project and maintains the APEC
Architect website.
Termination
The APEC Architect Central Council will
operate for so long as it is acceptable
and desirable to participating
economies.
APEC ARCHITECT REGISTRATION
CRITERIA
The following set of principles satisfies
Central Council criteria for admission to
the APEC Architect Register and the
right to use the description ‘APEC
Architect’.
Architectural Education
Educational Benchmark Statement
○ Education as an architect shall
comprise at least four years of full
time study. The education
○ must be of university level, with
architecture the principal
component.
Common Elements of Architectural Education
Programs
The core subject areas in an
accredited/recognized program of architectural
education are:
Design, as the predominant subject category
Technology and Environmental Science
Social, Cultural & Environmental Studies, and
Professional Studies.
Other subject areas within architectural
educational programs may include:
○ Related Studies
○ General Education
Accreditation / Recognition Procedure for
Educational Programs in Architecture
Processes incorporating the following principles of
good governance will satisfy the
accreditation/recognition criteria for educational
programs for an APEC Architect.
Architecture